Le petit bassin minier de Ronchamp Champagney, situé dans les Vosges saônoises à environ soixante-dix kilomètres au Sud de Mulhouse, a été exploité de 1750 à 1958. Ce mémoire retrace l’histoire de l’exploitation charbonnière de 1812 à 1867, période de basculement technique au moment de la première révolution industrielle. Le mode d’extraction change de technologie et d’échelle pour stabiliser à la fois ses structures techniques et son espace d’exploitation. L’analyse prend le parti d’un double regard celui des enjeux de fond et des contraintes de surface, appréhendés principalement à partir des procès-verbaux des délibérations des conseils d’administration et des assemblées générales. Cette histoire reste liée à la vision entrepreneuriale de quelques notables locaux et à la persistance de relations familiales et personnelles. Ignorée par une métallurgie comtoise agonisante, paradoxalement la concession houillère contribue fortement au processus d’industrialisation alsacien, fournissant du charbon aux chaudières des machines à vapeur. L’histoire du bassin minier de Ronchamp, bien qu’enclavé dans son territoire, atteste néanmoins la réalité d’une modernité technique, et la quête permanente d’une rationalité productive. / The small-sized coal field of Ronchamp Champagney, in the Saône Vosges, about 44 miles south of Mulhouse was exploited from 1750 until 1958. This dissertation recounts the history of coal mining there from 1812 until 1867, a period of deep technical changes during the first industrial revolution. The technology and scale of coal extraction changed, which stabilized both its technical structures and its exploitation area. The focus of this analysis is twofold: first the stakes down the pit, second the constraints at the pithead, as they can both be perceived through the minutes of board and general meetings mainly. This history is linked to the entrepreneurial visions of a few local notables as well as to enduring family or personal ties. Ignored by the decaying steel industry of Franche-Comté, the coal concession contributed to the industrialization process in Alsace by feeding the boilers of steam engines with coal. The history of the coal field of Ronchamp – a landlocked territory - testifies to a real technical modernity and a constant search for productive rationality.

Orientador: Hildebrando Herrmann / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T02:46:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Poveda_ElianePereiraRodrigues_M.pdf: 837454 bytes, checksum: 728458f062c05129a3b75012a128f19d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A presente dissertação analisa a necessidade de compatibilização das políticas mineral e ambiental, com vistas ao aproveitamento adequado dos recursos minerais, bens indisponíveis e de natureza difusa, com a análise jurídica de todo o ciclo de vida do empreendimento minerário, desde a sua concepção até o planejamento do fechamento da mina com sua desativação. Após uma breve abordagem dos princípios que norteiam as políticas públicas, critica-se a ausência de um tratamento sistemático à desativação dos empreendimentos minerários. Os recursos não-renováveis devem ser tutelados pelos órgãos competentes dentro do seu poder de polícia administrativa, com vistas à obtenção das Licenças Ambientais e suas respectivas renovações. A desativação da atividade seria considerada mais uma etapa do licenciamento, sendo devidamente acompanhada desde a fase de pesquisa, com ênfase na proteção dos recursos naturais (ar, águas - superficiais e subterrâneas -, solo, subsolo, fauna e flora) até a sua exaustão. Ao final, propõe um novo modelo legislativo de regulação do tema com a cooperação dos instrumentos previstos nas políticas públicas analisadas, com vistas à eficácia legal e social do licenciamento ambiental, objetivando a prevenção de passivos ambientais oriundos da atividade, por meio da propositura da Licença de Desativação. A desativação é analisada como mais uma etapa do licenciamento ambiental no ordenamento jurídico, a ser planejada durante a renovação da licença de operação, objetivando sistematizar os conflitos de interesses do aproveitamento dos recursos minerais, de fundamental importância para o mercado nacional para assegurar trabalho e qualidade de vida ao homem na sociedade, com a devida proteção dos bens ambientais / Abstract: The present study analyzes the importance of compatibilization of the administration of mineral and environmental sectors, aiming at an adequate management of mineral resources, providing legal analysis of the mineral business from its conception until its closing plan and desactivation. Shortly after a brief introduction to the public policies, there is a criticism against the absence of a systematic measure for the desactivation of the mineral industry in the Brazilian jurisdiction. The resources that are not renegotiable should be managed by the appropriate sectors within the policy of administration in order to prevent environmental damage. The desactivation of its activities would be considered one more step is the licensing that should be monitored since its research phase, emphasizing the preservation of natural resources such as air, water ¿ superficial and underground, earth, fauna and flora and their exhaustion. Finally, a new legislative model of regulation has been proposed, with the cooperation of instruments foreseen in the public administration policies analyzed, as to their legal and social efficacies for an environmental license, aiming towards the prevention of environmental damage that could be originated by the mineral activities from the periods of research until their closure plan by proposing a License of Desactivation. From a legal aspect, the desactivation is mostly analyzed as an environmental license measure that envisions maintaining and preserving the environment as well as exploring its mineral resources, bringing business and revenues to the domestic market, providing jobs and a better quality of life for the local community / Mestrado / Administração e Politica de Recursos Minerais / Mestre em Geociências