Thesis (M.A. in economics)--Washington State University, August 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Sept. 10, 2009). "School of Economic Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-57).

Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-115). Also available online in Scholars' Bank.

xiv, 115 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Over the past 25 years wetland mitigation banking has emerged as an increasingly popular market-based regulatory system designed to offset wetland losses through the use of pre-constructed, government-approved wetland mitigation banks. While research highlighting the biophysical effectiveness of this approach is prevalent, little is known about the spatial and social characteristics of mitigation sites when compared to sites of permitted wetland loss. This study used wetland mitigation banking records from four Oregon counties to determine the extent to which wetland displacement has occurred, if social characteristics differ between sites of wetland loss and bank sites and if the density of wetlands near permits differs from banks. Results suggest that banks have been located an average of 11 miles from the removal-fill site. Additionally, when compared to removal-fill sites, populations living near banks were wealthier, less densely populated and less ethnically diverse. / Committee in Charge: Marc A. Schlossberg, Chair; Scott D. Bridgham; Donald G. Holtgrieve

Thesis (M.E.S.)--The Evergreen State College, 2004. / Title from title screen (viewed 3/11/2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-150).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2007. / Advisor: Keith Ihlanfeldt, Florida State University, College of Social Sciences, Dept. of Economics. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.E.S.)--The Evergreen State College, 2006. / Title from title screen (viewed 3/11/2010). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-53).

No description available.

La compensation écologique, envisagée dans le respect de la séquence éviter-réduire-compenser les impacts, cherche à apporter des réponses à la crise actuelle d’érosion de la biodiversité. L’objectif de la thèse est de comprendre quels sont les enjeux organisationnels et institutionnels de la mise en œuvre du principe de compensation écologique pour les impacts sur les écosystèmes aquatiques marins et continentaux en Europe et aux Etats-Unis. La thèse mobilise le cadre théorique de l’économie néo-institutionnelle. Les organisations de type hiérarchique (compensation au cas par cas) ont pour principales limites d’avoir une efficacité écologique discutable et de ne pas permettre le suivi et le contrôle des mesures compensatoires ce qui conduit souvent à ce que la compensation ne soit pas ou peu mise en œuvre. Aux Etats-Unis, les banques de compensation consistent en une réponse anticipée et mutualisée aux dommages à l’environnement. Il s’agit d’une forme organisationnelle alternative hybride fortement régulée à mi-chemin entre la hiérarchie et le marché. Cependant, les acteurs ont des stratégies collectives et individuelles qui engendrent des négociations ayant des conséquences sur les enjeux de développement économique et de maintien des objectifs de conservation de la biodiversité. Le système des banques de compensation crée un double phénomène de redistribution des coûts de transaction et de diminution de ceux-ci mais il semble que l’évolution de l’ensemble du cadre d’application de la compensation écologique américain permet aujourd’hui une complémentarité institutionnelle entre ces deux formes organisationnelles plutôt qu’une disparition des formes hiérarchiques. / Biodiversity offset, as the last step of the mitigation hierarchy (avoid/reduce/offset), aims to address the current biodiversity loss crisis. The main goal of this PhD, which relies on the new institutional economics approach as a theoretical framework, is to understand the organizational and institutional issues of implementing biodiversity offsets policies for impacts on continental and offshore wetlands in Europe and the United-States. Hierarchical organizations (i.e. permittee responsible mitigation) often lead to little to no implementation of biodiversity offsets because the ecological effectiveness of case-by-case compensatory measures is unproven and the monitoring and control of numerous measures are difficult. In the United-States, the mitigation banking system aims to compensate for multiple small impacts on wetlands by carrying out restoration projects on fewer but larger wetland areas in order to reach the goal of no net loss of biodiversity. This hybrid organizational form is highly regulated and therefore stands halfway between hierarchical and market organizations. However, actors have individual and collective strategies that generate negotiations with consequences on economic development and biodiversity conservation stakes. The mitigation banking system leads to a decrease of transaction costs and a change of the actors bearing them. It seems that the evolution of the whole framework of biodiversity offsets policy implementation in the United-States leans toward an institutional complementarity between these two organizational forms rather than a disappearance of hierarchical organizations.