Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential efficacy of percutaneous image-guided interventions over open surgical interventions. The conventional image-guided procedures are limited by the freehand technique, requiring mental 3D registration and hand-eye coordination for needle placement. The outcomes of these procedures are associated with longer duration and increased patient discomfort with high radiation exposure. Previously, a static image overlay system was proposed for aiding needle interventions. Certain drawbacks associated with the static system limited the clinical translation. To overcome the ergonomic issues and longer calibration duration associated with static system, an adjustable image overlay system was proposed. The system consisted of monitor and semi-transparent mirror, attached together to an articulated mobile arm. The 90-degree mirror-monitor configuration was proposed to improve the physician access around the patient. MicronTracker was integrated for dynamic tracking of the patient and device. A novel method for auto-direct calibration of the virtual image overlay plane was proposed. Due to large mechanical structure, the precise movement was limited and consumed useful space in the procedure room. A mobile image overlay system with reduced system weight and smaller dimensions was proposed to eliminate the need for mechanical structure. A tablet computer and beamsplitter were used as the display device and mirror respectively. An image overlay visualization module of the 3D Slicer was developed to project the correct image slice upon the tablet device. The system weight was reduced to 1 kg and the image overlay plane tracking precision (0.11mm STD=0.05) was similar to the printed physical markers. The auto-calibration of the image overlay plane can be done in two simple steps, away from the patient table and without additional phantom. Based on the successful pre-clinical testing of the previous static system, the mobile image overlay system with reduced weight, increased tracking precision and easier maneuverability, can be possibly hand-held by the physician to explore the image volume over the patient and be used for a wide range of procedures. The mobile image overlay system shall be classified as Class II device as per FDA regulations, do not require extensive verification and validation efforts and further improves the commercialization opportunities. / Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2014-06-26 18:51:03.958

Esta dissertação tem como foco central a investigação acerca das narrativas visuais produzidas por câmeras celulares e veiculadas nas redes sociais, particularmente no Instagram. Explora como a tecnologia dos dispositivos móveis, somada ao movimento do corpo e do olho, contribui para uma nova estética de produção de imagens do cotidiano. O estudo tem como contexto a cidade de São Paulo e também explora as novas formas de documentar e de se relacionar com o espaço urbano, a partir da produção e veiculação de imagens na internet. A pesquisa se concentra no viés poético das imagens produzidas, mediadas e veiculadas no Instagram e investigará o contexto e a natureza das imagens das redes sociais, que se apresentam de forma fragmentada, em um processo de publicação contínuo, em um scroll vertical infinito, na tela do usuário do aplicativo. Explorará as possibilidades de construção de linguagem, na chave da artemídia, e seus respectivos atributos tecnológicos e estéticos. Investigará paralelamente como se dá a edição e subjetivação dessas narrativas, construídas em tempo real, indagando qual o papel do autor, do curador e do editor quando o processo se torna colaborativo. A imagem mobile será pensada por meio de imagens, a partir de um ensaio autoral: uma compilação de narrativas reunidas no caderno Imageria urbana, realizadas com imagens mobile a partir de apropriações e edições coletivas ou individuais, organizadas pelos tagueamentos de dados algorítmicos, pelos sinais \"#\" (hashtags precedidas da palavra-chave) e por pins de geolocalização. Essa publicação constitui simultaneamente o objeto de estudo teórico e prático desta pesquisa e representa alguns lugares da cidade de São Paulo por meio da estética de dados. A partir desse material -- e suas imbricações interdisciplinares -- oferecemos os subsídios teóricos para aprofundarmos na linguagem poética das narrativas visuais das redes. / This dissertation aims at investigating visual narratives produced by mobile cameras and posted on social networks, specifically Instagram. Exploring how mobile device technology, coupled with the movement of body and eye, contributes to new aesthetic of production on everyday imaging. The city of São Paulo comes as the study\'s context and explores new ways to register and to relate to the urban space stemming from the production and posting of images online. The research focuses on poetic bias of the produced images mediated and shown on Instagram and investigates the context and nature of the images on social networks, which are presented in a piecemeal fashion, in a continuous process of posting through endless vertical scroll on the app\'s user screen. The work will explore the possibilities of language construction from artmedia point of view, and its respective technological and aesthetic attributes. In addition, it will investigate how editing and subjectivity of these narratives take place, built in real time, inquiring the role of the author, of the curator and of the editor when the process becomes collaborative. The mobile image will have images brought through an authorial essay; a compilation of narratives gathered in the notebook Urban Imagery, made with mobile images from collective or individual publications and appropriations, organized from algorithm data tagging by the \"#\" (hashtag preceded by keyword) and pins of geolocation. Such publication is both the theoretical and practical object of this research study and represents some places of the city of São Paulo through the data aesthetics. From this material -- and its interdisciplinary overlaps -- we provide the theoretical basis to deepen into the poetic language in visual narratives of networks.

Esta dissertação tem como foco central a investigação acerca das narrativas visuais produzidas por câmeras celulares e veiculadas nas redes sociais, particularmente no Instagram. Explora como a tecnologia dos dispositivos móveis, somada ao movimento do corpo e do olho, contribui para uma nova estética de produção de imagens do cotidiano. O estudo tem como contexto a cidade de São Paulo e também explora as novas formas de documentar e de se relacionar com o espaço urbano, a partir da produção e veiculação de imagens na internet. A pesquisa se concentra no viés poético das imagens produzidas, mediadas e veiculadas no Instagram e investigará o contexto e a natureza das imagens das redes sociais, que se apresentam de forma fragmentada, em um processo de publicação contínuo, em um scroll vertical infinito, na tela do usuário do aplicativo. Explorará as possibilidades de construção de linguagem, na chave da artemídia, e seus respectivos atributos tecnológicos e estéticos. Investigará paralelamente como se dá a edição e subjetivação dessas narrativas, construídas em tempo real, indagando qual o papel do autor, do curador e do editor quando o processo se torna colaborativo. A imagem mobile será pensada por meio de imagens, a partir de um ensaio autoral: uma compilação de narrativas reunidas no caderno Imageria urbana, realizadas com imagens mobile a partir de apropriações e edições coletivas ou individuais, organizadas pelos tagueamentos de dados algorítmicos, pelos sinais \"#\" (hashtags precedidas da palavra-chave) e por pins de geolocalização. Essa publicação constitui simultaneamente o objeto de estudo teórico e prático desta pesquisa e representa alguns lugares da cidade de São Paulo por meio da estética de dados. A partir desse material -- e suas imbricações interdisciplinares -- oferecemos os subsídios teóricos para aprofundarmos na linguagem poética das narrativas visuais das redes. / This dissertation aims at investigating visual narratives produced by mobile cameras and posted on social networks, specifically Instagram. Exploring how mobile device technology, coupled with the movement of body and eye, contributes to new aesthetic of production on everyday imaging. The city of São Paulo comes as the study\'s context and explores new ways to register and to relate to the urban space stemming from the production and posting of images online. The research focuses on poetic bias of the produced images mediated and shown on Instagram and investigates the context and nature of the images on social networks, which are presented in a piecemeal fashion, in a continuous process of posting through endless vertical scroll on the app\'s user screen. The work will explore the possibilities of language construction from artmedia point of view, and its respective technological and aesthetic attributes. In addition, it will investigate how editing and subjectivity of these narratives take place, built in real time, inquiring the role of the author, of the curator and of the editor when the process becomes collaborative. The mobile image will have images brought through an authorial essay; a compilation of narratives gathered in the notebook Urban Imagery, made with mobile images from collective or individual publications and appropriations, organized from algorithm data tagging by the \"#\" (hashtag preceded by keyword) and pins of geolocation. Such publication is both the theoretical and practical object of this research study and represents some places of the city of São Paulo through the data aesthetics. From this material -- and its interdisciplinary overlaps -- we provide the theoretical basis to deepen into the poetic language in visual narratives of networks.