Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:53:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1916_1.pdf: 1434494 bytes, checksum: 1b590044040a8dcd13c8953148aade5a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Constraint Handling Object-oriented Rules with Disjunctions (CHORD), é uma extensão orientada a objetos (OO) de CHRv, uma linguagem relacional baseada em regras que foi inicialmente desenhada para a especificação em caixa branca de resolvedores de restrições mas veio a mostrar-se uma linguagem bastante flexível. Flexibilidade esta que vêm sendo demonstrada nos últimos anos pelo grande número de serviços de raciocínio e algoritmos que foram descritos concisamente por meio desta linguagem. Para definir a sintaxe de nossa extensão, nós nos baseamos na abordagem seguida na extensão de Prolog realizada por Frame Logic que é similar à nossa, na qual, a sintaxe de frames foi introduzida para representar construtores OO em cima dos relacionais originais. Além disso, em vez de forçar o usuário (programador) a se adequar à uma semântica pré-definida para esses novos construtores, nós escolhemos uma estratégia inovadora: desacoplar a sintaxe da semântica da linguagem permitindo que o conjunto de hipóteses semânticas seja totalmente configurável. Estes avanços claramente contribuem para o domínio do Raciocínio Automático e da Representação do Conhecimento (AR/KR), dentro do qual CHRv é a linguagem de representa ção do conhecimento mais versátil. Este trabalho também permite a integração dos serviços de raciocínio já providos por CHRv ao estado da arte em linguagens orientadas a objetos reduzindo a quebra de paradigma entre elas. Há também contribuições a outros domínios: em programação declarativa, ao disponibilizar a primeira linguagem a integrar as formas mais poderosas de programação orientada a objetos, baseada em regras e baseada em restrições. No domínio da Web Semântica, nós mostramos que nossa linguagem generaliza a semântica de três dos mais importantes padrões de linguagem de representação do conhecimento, provendo uma solução para o problema recorrente de integração nesta área. No domínio da engenharia guiado por modelos (MDE), este trabalho provê o primeiro mapeamento semântico para modelos UML/OCL, MOF/OCL e transformações de modelo explícitamente configurável e com fundamentação axiomática declarativa e operacional em CFOL. Neste trabalho nós apresentamos as sintaxes abstrata e contreta de CHORD, suas semânticas operacional e declarativa em CFOL, e uma ontologia de hipóteses semânticas para herança. Para validá-lo, nós apresentamos três estudos de caso mostrando que CHORD generaliza UML/OCL, Frame Logic e OWL

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Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed=&q / <p>Cilj &ndash; Cilj disertacije je da se omogući dinamičko prilagođavanje metapodataka koji opisuju obrazovne resurse u digitalnim repozitorijumima.</p><p>Metodologija - Postoji potreba da se u digitalnim repozitorijumima obrazovni resursi opi&scaron;u putem skupa metapodataka koji je specifičan za određenog korisnika ili domen. Obzirom da korisnici ne mogu samostalno da ručno vr&scaron;e izmenu softverske aplikacije, pristup predložen u ovoj disertaciji se zasniva na tehnikama modelom vođenog razvoja softvera, koji treba da omogući prilagođavanje softverske aplikacije programski, bez potrebe za razvojem ili naručivanjem nove aplikacije. Da bi se predloženo re&scaron;enje verifikovalo, sproveden je eksperiment koji evaluira njegove karakteristike.</p><p>Rezultati - U disertaciji je predložena softverska platforma za upravljanje obrazovnim resursima opisanim dinamički pro&scaron;irivim skupom metapodataka. Platforma omogućuje kreiranje modela podataka koji se programski transformi&scaron;u u veb aplikaciju za upravljanje obrazovnim resursima. Na ovaj način, korisnik može da kreira sopstveni model metapodataka koji je odgovarajući u određenom domenu.</p><p>Ograničenja istraživanja/implikacije &ndash; Re&scaron;enje verifikovano od strane korisnicima sa određenim tehničkim znanjem. Potrebno je istražiti prikladnost platforme za domenske eksperte sa ograničenim tehničkim znanjem, koji treba da defini&scaron;u nove skupove metapodataka u svom domenu.</p><p>Praktične implikacije &ndash; Re&scaron;enje se može koristiti u digitalnim repozitorijuma koji skladi&scaron;te raznolike obrazovne resurse. Svaki resurs može biti opisan koristeći metapodatke iz domena kojem resurs pripada.<br />Originalnost/vrednost - Digitalni repozitorijumi standardno opisuju obrazovne resurse koristeći neki generalni skup metapodataka, koji je vi&scaron;e fokusiran na fizičke karakteristike resursa, umesto na njihovo značenje. Predloženo re&scaron;enje uvodi proizvoljnu domenski-zavisnu semantiku u opis resursa, čime se unapređuje njihovo dobavljanje.</p>

L’anonymisation des données personnelles requiert l’utilisation d’algorithmes complexes permettant de minimiser le risque de ré-identification tout en préservant l’utilité des données. Dans cette thèse, nous décrivons une approche fondée sur les modèles qui guide le propriétaire des données dans son processus d’anonymisation. Le guidage peut être informatif ou suggestif. Il permet de choisir l’algorithme le plus pertinent en fonction des caractéristiques des données mais aussi de l’usage ultérieur des données anonymisées. Le guidage a aussi pour but de définir les bons paramètres à appliquer à l’algorithme retenu. Dans cette thèse, nous nous focalisons sur les algorithmes de généralisation de micro-données. Les connaissances liées à l’anonymisation tant théoriques qu’expérimentales sont stockées dans une ontologie. / Personal data anonymization requires complex algorithms aiming at avoiding disclosure risk without losing data utility. In this thesis, we describe a model-driven approach guiding the data owner during the anonymization process. The guidance may be informative or suggestive. It helps the data owner in choosing the most relevant algorithm given the data characteristics and the future usage of anonymized data. The guidance process also helps in defining the best input values for the algorithms. In this thesis, we focus on generalization algorithms for micro-data. The knowledge about anonymization is composed of both theoretical aspects and experimental results. It is managed thanks to an ontology.