Os gliomas são os tumores primários mais comuns no sistema nervoso central. Apesar dos progressos recentes no tratamento do glioblastoma, a sobrevida média dos pacientes ainda permanece em 15 meses. A cinesina KSP tem sido relatada como um alvo interessante para terapia do câncer. Seguidos pelo primeiro inibidor específico da KSP, monastrol, vários outros análogos estruturais também têm sido estudados. Aqui nós descrevemos o efeito do LaSOM 65, um composto derivado do monastrol, em gliomas. LaSOM 65 foi capaz de diminuir o crescimento celular e a viabilidade das células gliomas, mas, em contraste com monastrol, a molécula não causou bloqueio no ciclo celular em G2/M. Análises por citometria de fluxo mostraram que o LaSOM 65 leva as células à necrose e "apoptose tardia", após 24h e 48h de tratamento. Nós também investigamos o efeito do LaSOM 65 sobre a atividade da ecto-5'NT, uma enzima cuja expressão está associada com nível de invasão neovascularização e metástase dos tumores. O tratamento não alterou a atividade da enzima em comparação com as células controle. Experimentos in vivo mostraram que LaSOM 65 não foi capaz de diminuir o tamanho do tumor em modelo de gliomas de rato. Mais estudos são necessários para compreender os mecanismos pelos quais LaSOM 65 exerce seus efeitos citotóxicos. / Gliomas are the most common primary cancer in the central nervous system. Despite recent progress in the treatment of glioblastoma, the median survival of the patients still remains at 15 months. Kinesin Spindle Protein (KSP) has been reported as an interesting target for cancer therapy. Followed by the first specific KSP inhibitor, Monastrol, several other structural analogues have also been studied. Here we describe the effect of LaSOM 65, a monastrol derivated compound, against glioma. LaSOM 65 was able to decrease cell growth and cell viability of gliomas cells, but, in contrast with monastrol, the molecule did not cause blockage in the cell cycle on G2/M phase. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that LaSOM 65 leads cells to necrosis and “late apoptosis” after 24h and 48h of treatment. We also investigate the effect of LaSOM 65 on ecto-5'NT activity, an enzyme whose expression level is associated with neovascularization, invasiveness and metastasis of tumors. The treatment did not alter the enzyme activity compared to control cells. Experiments in vivo shown that LaSOM 65 was not able to decrease the tumor size in rat gliomas model. More studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms by which LaSOM 65 is exerting its cytotoxic effects.

Os gliomas são os tumores primários mais comuns no sistema nervoso central. Apesar dos progressos recentes no tratamento do glioblastoma, a sobrevida média dos pacientes ainda permanece em 15 meses. A cinesina KSP tem sido relatada como um alvo interessante para terapia do câncer. Seguidos pelo primeiro inibidor específico da KSP, monastrol, vários outros análogos estruturais também têm sido estudados. Aqui nós descrevemos o efeito do LaSOM 65, um composto derivado do monastrol, em gliomas. LaSOM 65 foi capaz de diminuir o crescimento celular e a viabilidade das células gliomas, mas, em contraste com monastrol, a molécula não causou bloqueio no ciclo celular em G2/M. Análises por citometria de fluxo mostraram que o LaSOM 65 leva as células à necrose e "apoptose tardia", após 24h e 48h de tratamento. Nós também investigamos o efeito do LaSOM 65 sobre a atividade da ecto-5'NT, uma enzima cuja expressão está associada com nível de invasão neovascularização e metástase dos tumores. O tratamento não alterou a atividade da enzima em comparação com as células controle. Experimentos in vivo mostraram que LaSOM 65 não foi capaz de diminuir o tamanho do tumor em modelo de gliomas de rato. Mais estudos são necessários para compreender os mecanismos pelos quais LaSOM 65 exerce seus efeitos citotóxicos. / Gliomas are the most common primary cancer in the central nervous system. Despite recent progress in the treatment of glioblastoma, the median survival of the patients still remains at 15 months. Kinesin Spindle Protein (KSP) has been reported as an interesting target for cancer therapy. Followed by the first specific KSP inhibitor, Monastrol, several other structural analogues have also been studied. Here we describe the effect of LaSOM 65, a monastrol derivated compound, against glioma. LaSOM 65 was able to decrease cell growth and cell viability of gliomas cells, but, in contrast with monastrol, the molecule did not cause blockage in the cell cycle on G2/M phase. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that LaSOM 65 leads cells to necrosis and “late apoptosis” after 24h and 48h of treatment. We also investigate the effect of LaSOM 65 on ecto-5'NT activity, an enzyme whose expression level is associated with neovascularization, invasiveness and metastasis of tumors. The treatment did not alter the enzyme activity compared to control cells. Experiments in vivo shown that LaSOM 65 was not able to decrease the tumor size in rat gliomas model. More studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms by which LaSOM 65 is exerting its cytotoxic effects.

Os gliomas são os tumores primários mais comuns no sistema nervoso central. Apesar dos progressos recentes no tratamento do glioblastoma, a sobrevida média dos pacientes ainda permanece em 15 meses. A cinesina KSP tem sido relatada como um alvo interessante para terapia do câncer. Seguidos pelo primeiro inibidor específico da KSP, monastrol, vários outros análogos estruturais também têm sido estudados. Aqui nós descrevemos o efeito do LaSOM 65, um composto derivado do monastrol, em gliomas. LaSOM 65 foi capaz de diminuir o crescimento celular e a viabilidade das células gliomas, mas, em contraste com monastrol, a molécula não causou bloqueio no ciclo celular em G2/M. Análises por citometria de fluxo mostraram que o LaSOM 65 leva as células à necrose e "apoptose tardia", após 24h e 48h de tratamento. Nós também investigamos o efeito do LaSOM 65 sobre a atividade da ecto-5'NT, uma enzima cuja expressão está associada com nível de invasão neovascularização e metástase dos tumores. O tratamento não alterou a atividade da enzima em comparação com as células controle. Experimentos in vivo mostraram que LaSOM 65 não foi capaz de diminuir o tamanho do tumor em modelo de gliomas de rato. Mais estudos são necessários para compreender os mecanismos pelos quais LaSOM 65 exerce seus efeitos citotóxicos. / Gliomas are the most common primary cancer in the central nervous system. Despite recent progress in the treatment of glioblastoma, the median survival of the patients still remains at 15 months. Kinesin Spindle Protein (KSP) has been reported as an interesting target for cancer therapy. Followed by the first specific KSP inhibitor, Monastrol, several other structural analogues have also been studied. Here we describe the effect of LaSOM 65, a monastrol derivated compound, against glioma. LaSOM 65 was able to decrease cell growth and cell viability of gliomas cells, but, in contrast with monastrol, the molecule did not cause blockage in the cell cycle on G2/M phase. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that LaSOM 65 leads cells to necrosis and “late apoptosis” after 24h and 48h of treatment. We also investigate the effect of LaSOM 65 on ecto-5'NT activity, an enzyme whose expression level is associated with neovascularization, invasiveness and metastasis of tumors. The treatment did not alter the enzyme activity compared to control cells. Experiments in vivo shown that LaSOM 65 was not able to decrease the tumor size in rat gliomas model. More studies are necessary to understand the mechanisms by which LaSOM 65 is exerting its cytotoxic effects.

Mitosis, or cell division, is the mechanism by which cells divide and is an intricate process requiring the action and control of numerous proteins. Such proteins serve either as structural entities within the mitotic spindle, or perform the "work" within the apparatus. In particular, Kinesin-5 motor proteins, a subset within the kinesin motor protein superfamily, are primarily responsible for organization of microtubules (MTs) within the mitotic apparatus, and are consequently vital for efficient mitosis. These proteins utilize energy from ATP hydrolysis in order to "walk" along antiparallel MTs, positioning them into the bipolar mitotic spindle. Loss of Kinesin-5 activity results in formation of a monoastral spindle and subsequent cell cycle arrest. Recently, a wide variety of small molecules have been identified that possess the ability to inhibit certain Kinesin-5 motors. Such compounds, including monastrol (the first Kinesin-5 inhibitor identified), have been employed to study Kinesin-5 activity. A thorough understanding of Kinesin-5 function, combined with the ability to specifically target these proteins with small molecules, may provide the capability to control cell division and may therefore have significant implications in anti-cancer therapies. The following dissertation describes research that utilizes small molecules to probe the function (ATPase activity and MT interactions) of various Kinesin-5 proteins and provides information that will lead to a better understanding of exactly how such proteins function in vivo. Further, a greater knowledge of Kinesin-5 protein activity as well as specific interactions with small-molecule compounds, may lead to the development of more potent, less toxic anti-cancer drugs. / Ph. D.