Orientador: Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante / Resumo: Avaliou-se a influência de dois esquemas de tratamento com anti-helmíntico e de duas dietas na profilaxia da verminose em 32 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, com idade média de três meses e peso 22,47 ± 1,57 kg. Os cordeiros foram alocados em quatro grupos experimentais: (1) Dieta Suplementada/Tratamento Seletivo; (2) Dieta Suplementada/Tratamento Supressivo; (3) Dieta Basal/Tratamento Seletivo e (4) Dieta Basal/Tratamento Supressivo. Na dieta suplementada, os animais receberam concentrado em quantidade equivalente a 2% do peso vivo (PV) e na basal, quantidade equivalente a 0,35% do PV. Excetuando-se o período do fornecimento do concentrado, os animais permaneceram todo tempo juntos, em pastagem de Urochloa decumbens e Tifton. No tratamento seletivo, os cordeiros foram tratados individualmente com monepantel (2,5 mg/kg) quando apresentavam volume globular (VG) ≤ 22%. Os animais tratados supressivamente recebiam o mesmo anti-helmíntico a cada 14 dias. Os cordeiros tratados supressivamente não eliminaram ovos de estrongilídeos em nenhum momento do experimento, que teve duração de 14 semanas, porém apresentaram infecções leves por Strongyloides papillosus. Vários animais tratados seletivamente apresentaram infecção pesada por Estrongilídeos (Haemonchus contortus e Trichostrongylus colubriformis), acompanhadas de redução nos valores de VG e proteína plasmática total. Por esta razão, tratamentos seletivos foram administrados para todos animais do grupo dieta basal e em cinco anim... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The influence of two treatment regimens with anthelmintic and two diets in the prophylaxis of verminosis was evaluated in 32 male lambs, not castrated, with an average age of three months and weighing 22.47 ± 1.57 kg. The lambs were allocated in four experimental groups: (1) Supplemented diet / Selective Treatment; (2) Supplemented diet / Suppressive Treatment; (3) Basal Diet / Selective Treatment and (4) Basal Diet / Suppressive Treatment. In the supplemented diet, the animals received concentrate equivalent to 2% of body weight (BW) and basal, equivalent to 0.35% of BW. Except for the period of supply of the concentrate, the animals remained together at Urochloa decumbens and Tifton pasture. In the case of selective treatment, lambs were individually treated with monepantel (2.5 mg / kg) when they had packed cell volume (PCV) ≤ 22%. Suppressive treated animals received the same anthelmintic every 14 days. Suppressive treated lambs did not eliminate strongyles eggs in any time of the experiment, that lasted 14 weeks, but they had mild infections by Strongyloides papillosus. Several selectively treated animals presented high infection intensity by strongyles (Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis), accompanied by reduction in PCV and total plasma protein values. For this reason, selective treatments were administered to all animals from the basal diet group and 5 animals from the supplemented diet. Progressive elevation in values of plasma IgG anti-L3 of H. ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Anna Crhová Supervisor: RNDr. Lucie Stuchlíková Raisová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Biotransformation of monepantel in plants (Campanula rotundifolia, Plantago lanceolata) Anthelmintics are veterinary drugs used to eliminate disease caused by parasitic worms. Monepantel (MOP) is a representative of amino-acetonitrile derivatives. This relatively new group of drugs is effective on helminthic strains, which are resistant to classic therapy (benzimidazoles, makrocyklic lactones, imidazothiazoles). Due to high consuption of these drugs, it is important to find out their fate in the exposed organisms. Anthelmintics are in contact with the environment and they can affect terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Their various forms can be accumulate in plants. These plants can be eaten by the animal, which may lead to development of resistance in helminths. In addition, the physiology of plants and animals may be disrupt and, consequently, biodiversity loss may occur. The aim of this study was to determine the biotransformation processes occurring in ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) and harebell (Campanula rotundifolia) after low concentrations of MOP. Suspensions of both plants cells...