The interpretation and modelling of the dielectric response of thermosetting materials during cure was the main focus of this study. The equivalence of complex permittivity and complex impedance in terms of information content was outlined in a series of case studies covering the separate effects of dipolar movements and charge migration as well as the combined effect of the two polarisation mechanisms. Equivalent electrical circuits were used in order to model the evolution of the complex impedance during cure. A numerical method that can model consecutive spectra throughout the cure was developed. The method is based on Genetic Algorithms and requires only input from the modelling of the initial spectra. Complex impedance spectra were collected during the cure of a commercial epoxy resin formulation under isothermal and dynamic heating conditions. The spectra were analysed and modelled. The modelling was successful over the whole frequency range of the measurements (1 Hz – 1 MHz). The analysis of the estimated model parameters showed that charge migration dominates the dielectric response in a wide frequency range. In addition, the modelling algorithm also distinguished between the effects of electrode polarisation and dipolar movements in the signal. A new equivalent circuit was used in order to map the frequency regions where the each one of the three phenomena that together comprise the dielectric signal can be monitored most effectively. A chemical cure kinetics model was developed for the studied system. A correlation between the maximum point of the imaginary impedance spectrum and the reaction conversion was established. A mathematical model, based on a simple linear dependence of the dielectric signal on conversion and temperature, was built. The model predictions agreed well with the experimental data. The aim of simplifying the interpretation of the dielectric signals led to the development of a new experimental technique. Temperature Modulated Dielectric Analysis employs temperature modulations superimposed on an underlying thermal profile in order to separate the influence on the signal of the temperature alone from that of the cure reaction. The early study carried out here shows that such measurements are feasible and reveals important issues for its further development.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-06-23T17:02:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Patrícia Cardoso de Andrade - 2017.pdf: 2778221 bytes, checksum: 777088966ede58904a5d760acc52b11e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-06-29T18:28:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Patrícia Cardoso de Andrade - 2017.pdf: 2778221 bytes, checksum: 777088966ede58904a5d760acc52b11e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T18:28:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Patrícia Cardoso de Andrade - 2017.pdf: 2778221 bytes, checksum: 777088966ede58904a5d760acc52b11e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-05 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Measuring internal temperature and/or temperature gradient in materials is of fundamental interest in both engineering and basic sciences because the temperature is closely related to the properties of the material. The purpose of this study was to develop an ultrasound thermometry system for internal temperature gradient monitoring of materials subjected to a heat source. A low cost oscilloscope was used as a system for the acquisition of ultrasonic signals. Jointly, was developed a computational algorithm responsible for estimating the internal temperature distribution of materials. For this purpose was used a low cost oscilloscope as a system for the acquisition of ultrasonic signals. Measurements were taken during the heating and cooling regimen of an aluminum block. A thermocouple temperature measurement system was used to verify and validate the temperature distribution obtained by the ultrasound thermometry method. The development of the computational algorithm responsible for communication and data collection provided real-time temperature measurements. The comparison of the temperature measurements derived from both methods showed agreement greater than 96%, with differences lower than 0.70°C. The methodology presented was relevant within the laboratory context to estimate the internal temperature of heated materials. / Medir temperatura interna e/ou gradiente de temperatura em materiais é de fundamental interesse, tanto nas engenharias quanto nas ciências básicas, pois a temperatura está intimamente relacionada com as propriedades do material. O objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver um sistema de termometria por ultrassom para monitoramento interno de gradiente de temperatura em materiais submetidos a fonte de calor. Conjuntamente, foi desenvolvido um algoritmo computacional responsável em estimar a distribuição de temperatura interna dos materiais. Para essa finalidade foi empregando um osciloscópio de baixo custo como sistema de aquisição de sinais ultrassônicos. Medições foram realizadas durante o regime de aquecimento e resfriamento de um bloco de alumínio. Um sistema de medição de temperatura por termopares foi utilizado para verificar e validar a distribuição de temperatura obtida pelo método de termometria por ultrassom. O desenvolvimento do algoritmo computacional responsável pela comunicação e coleta de dados propiciou medições de temperatura em tempo real. A comparação das medições de temperatura derivada de ambos os métodos apresentou concordância maior que 96%, com diferenças inferiores a 0,70°C. Portanto, conclui-se que a metodologia apresentada mostrou-se relevante dentro do contexto laboratorial para estimativa de temperatura interna de materiais aquecidos.

The aim of this master thesis is to propose a system for monitoring and regulation the climate in groups of terrariums using Raspberry Pi platform and with subsequent well-arranged representation through the web server. Each group of terrariums has its own measure and regulation device Arduino NANO that wirelessly communicates with central computer Raspberry Pi. The measured values are stored in the MySQL database in central computer. These values are then graphically displayed on the web page. Limit values for regulation and regulation times can also be set through web page.

The aim of this master thesis is to propose a system for monitoring and regulating the climate in groups of terrariums using the Raspberry Pi platform and subsequent transparent display through the web server. Each group of terrariums has its own control device that wirelessly communicates with the Raspberry Pi control computer. The measured values are stored in the MySQL database on the control computer. The measured values are graphically displayed on the web page.

This master's thesis deals with the design and implementation of optimization and monitoring of the server room. Optimization consists in designing access system and server room temperature measurement, automatic infrastructure start-up and power management, server and network infrastructure optimization, server virtualization management and network monitoring.