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Molecular authentication and taxonomy of radix stemonae.January 2004 (has links)
Chan Yiu-Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-127). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (in English) --- p.i / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.ix / List of Tables --- p.xi / Abbreviations --- p.xii / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Source plants of Radix Stemonae --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Medicinal usage of Radix Stemonae --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Stemonaceae --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Stemonaceae of China --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Circumscriptions of Stemonaceae --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Affinity of Stemonaceae --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2 --- Molecular Markers for Phylogenetic study --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Choosing appropriate DNA region(s) --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Chloroplast DNA markers --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Nuclear sequences --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3 --- Objectives --- p.13 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1 --- Sources of Samples and Their Treatment --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Fresh Materials --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- DNA Samples --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Dried Medicinal Material from Commerical Market --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- DNA Isolation from Plant Materials --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Reagents for DNA Isolation --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Procedures of DNA Isolation --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Treatments of Plant Materials --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) Method --- p.23 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- DNeasy ® Plant Mini Kit --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.2.4 --- GenElute Plant Genomic DNA Miniprep --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.2.5 --- Extraction method of Kang et. al (1998) --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2.2.6 --- Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of Genomic DNA --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3 --- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Reagents --- p.27 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Procedures --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4 --- "Ligation, Transformation and Bacterial Culture for 5S rRNA Spacer Analysis" --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Reagents --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Procedures --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.2.1 --- Ligation --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.2.2 --- Transformation --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.2.3 --- Blue-White Screening --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.2.4 --- Plasmid Isolation --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.2.5 --- Screening of plasmid DNA by PCR --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5 --- Cycle Sequencing and Electrophoresis --- p.36 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Instruments and Reagents --- p.36 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Procedures of Cycle Sequencing and Electrophoresis --- p.37 / Chapter 2.5.2.1 --- Cycle sequencing --- p.37 / Chapter 2.5.2.2 --- Ethanol Precipitation --- p.38 / Chapter 2.5.2.3 --- Electrophoresis --- p.38 / Chapter 2.6 --- Sequence Analysis --- p.40 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Taxonomic Study of Chinese Stemona species --- p.41 / Chapter 3.1 --- History of the Genus Stemona --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2 --- Characteristics of the Genus Stemona --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3 --- Characteristics of Stemona sessilifolia (Miquel) Miquel (including Stemona shandongensis D. K. Zang) --- p.45 / Chapter 3.4 --- Characteristics of Stemona japonica (Blume) Miquel --- p.52 / Chapter 3.5 --- Characteristics of Stemona tuberosa Loureiro --- p.55 / Chapter 3.6 --- Characteristics of Stemona parviflora C. H. Wright --- p.61 / Chapter 3.7 --- Characteristics of Stemona mairei (H. Leveille) K. Krause --- p.65 / Chapter 3.8 --- Characteristics of Stemona kerrii Craib --- p.67 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- DNA Sequence Analysis for Authentication and Systematics --- p.69 / Chapter 4.1 --- DNA Extraction --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2 --- PCR --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3 --- DNA Authentication of Radix Stemonae --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- TrnL intron sequences --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- 5S rRNA spacer sequences --- p.86 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Conclusion of DNA Authentication --- p.107 / Chapter 4.4 --- Molecular Systematics Analysis --- p.108 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Circumscription of Stemonaceae and its affinity to other monocots based on trnL intron sequences --- p.109 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Interspecific relationship of Stemona --- p.114 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Discussion --- p.116 / Chapter 5.1 --- Molecular Authentication of Radix Stemonae --- p.116 / Chapter 5.2 --- Molecular Markers --- p.117 / Chapter 5.3 --- The Variation in Stemona tuberosa --- p.117 / Chapter 5.4 --- Comparsion of Stemona sessilifolia and S. shandongensis --- p.118 / Chapter 5.5 --- Circumscription of Stemonaceae --- p.119 / Chapter 5.6 --- Affinity of Stemonaceae --- p.120 / Chapter Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.122 / References --- p.123
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Seasonal phloem development in perennial monocotyledonsErvin, Edward Lee, January 1967 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1867. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliography.
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Pollen morphology of Indian monocotyledonsSharma, Mithilesh. January 1968 (has links)
"A major part of the thesis submitted to the Agra University, in the year 1964, for the award of the Ph. D. degree." / Includes index. Bibliography: p. 47-49.
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Floral organogenesis in monocotyledonsBlock, Vera. January 1970 (has links)
No description available.
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Floral organogenesis in monocotyledonsBlock, Vera. January 1970 (has links)
No description available.
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A mechanism of quizalofop-ethyl selectivity in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species /Ruizzo, Michael A. January 1986 (has links)
No description available.
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Recherches sur les monocotylédones a accroissement secondaireCordemoy, Hubert Jacob de, January 1894 (has links)
Thèse--Paris.
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Recherches sur les monocotylédones a accroissement secondaireCordemoy, Hubert Jacob de, January 1894 (has links)
Thèse--Paris.
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Ecologia e similaridade de Orchidaceae em um trecho da Serra da Mantiqueira na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, BrasilAbreu, Narjara Lopes de 11 March 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-11 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho, é apresentada a lista de espécies de Orchidaceae da Serra Negra/Serra do Funil
(SN/SF), associada à distribuição das espécies ao longo do gradiente altitudinal e ao mosaico
de ambientes encontrados na área. A flora de Orchidaceae da SN/SF, também é investigada
sob aspectos das relações florísticas com 29 localidades nos estados da região Sudeste do
Brasil, Bahia, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul e Distrito Federal. A área de estudo está inserida no
complexo de serras da Mantiqueira, na Zona de Mata de Minas Gerais, local muito
interessante biologicamente. Foram realizadas sete expedições à área, sendo os espécimes
depositados no herbário CESJ. O gradiente altitudinal foi dividido em oito classes com 100m
de amplitude. As fisionomias foram definidas informalmente como interior de mata, campo,
área de transição campo-mata e área degradada. As informações do habitat e altitude de
ocorrência dos espécimes foram obtidas in situ, ou retiradas do seu rótulo de herbário. Através do teste qui-quadrado (χ2), foi testada a associação entre as categorias de preferência por
substrato e as classes altitudinais. Para analisar a similaridade florística entre as 29
localidades, utilizou-se o coeficiente de Sørensen, o algoritmo UPGMA e 5000 replicações de
bootstrap. O teste de Mantel foi utilizado para testar a correlação entre a distância geográfica
e a similaridade florística. Foram registradas 109 espécies de orquídeas, em maioria (51%)
epífitas. Os microhabitats encontrados nos interiores das matas e nas regiões de campo
resguardam as maiores riquezas, bem como muitas espécies exclusivas, reforçando a
importância dos mesmos, na conservação das orquídeas. As classes 900-1000m, 1301-1400m
e 1501-1600m, concentram a maior riqueza de espécies, fato atribuído ao grau de conservação
da vegetação e também às suas características ambientais, como umidade e heterogeneidade de habitats. O teste χ2 mostrou não existir associação entre as categorias de preferência por
substrato (terrícola e epífita) e as classes de altitude. A análise de agrupamento mostrou alta
significância estatística, e índices de similaridade baixos, exceto para os grupos formados por
Serra Negra/ Serra do Funil + Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca e Parque Estadual da Ilha do
Cardoso + Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins. A característica mais visível nos grupos
representados no dendrograma é o agrupamento das áreas com alguma semelhança ambiental.
A SN/SF mostrou-se mais similar a outras áreas de campo rupestre sob influência da Mata
Atlântica, e também está associada ao Parque Nacional do Itatiaia e a Reserva Biológica de
Macaé de Cima, com cerca de 56% de espécies compartilhadas, sugerindo sua posição como
corredor florístico, entre as serras do Itatiaia e do Ibitipoca. As regiões de campos rupestres
foram destacadas no dendrograma, em termos particularidades florísticas. O teste de Mantel
revelou não haver associação entre a similaridade florística e as distâncias geográficas entre as
áreas. Para a definição dos fatores bióticos e abióticos que determinam a similaridade
florística são sugeridos estudos posteriores, utilizando outros métodos multivariados,
juntamente a estudos biogeográficos. / The presente work aims to present a species list of Orchidaceae associated to an assessment of
distributional patterns along an altitudinal gradient and a correlation with habitats mosaics at
SerraNegra/Serra do Funil (SN/SF). The present study also aimed to investigate the floristic
similarities of Orchidaceae from SerraNegra/Serra do Funil (Rio Preto County, Minas Gerais
State, Brazil) with 29 floras from sites in Southeastern Brazil, Distrito Federal, Bahia, Paraná,
and Rio Grande do Sul States. Those mountains are located in Southern Mantiqueira Range,
at Minas Gerais State, an very interesting biological site. Field work consisted on seven
expedition. Collections are deposited at CESJ. The altitudinal gradient was divided in classes
of 100m. The phytophysiognomies were defined informally, as underforest, Field, transitional
área and degraded área. Habitat and elevation data were obtained in situ or taken from plant
labels. The associations between preferred substrate and altitudinal classes were tested by
Chi-Square test. The cluster analyses used UPGMA algorithm based on Sorensen coefficient.
The clusters’ support was tested by bootstrap analyses with 5000 replications. The Mantel
Test was applied to evaluate the relation between the floristic similarity and the geographical
distance. There were registered 109 species of Orchidaceae. The epifitic species represent
51% of the richness. The species are distributed in the interior of the forests and also along the
open fields. Most of them were exclusive of those habitats. The altidutinal classes with
highest richness (900-1000m, 1301-1400m e 1501-1600m) were the most preserved areas at
the study site and their environmental and phytophysionomic heterogeneity should justify that
richness. The Chi-Square Test showed no association between life forms (terrestrial and
epifitic) and altitudinal classes. The result of the cluster analyses was statistically significant,
and were found low similarity indices, exceptions are the clusters composed by Serra
Negra/Serra do Funil + Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca and Parque Estadual da Ilha do
Cardoso+Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins. The most relevant result was that clusters grouped
sites environmental similar. The studied area (SN/SF) showed to be more related to other sites
of open rocky grasslands under the influence of the Atlantic Forest. The SN/SF also showed
similarity with Parque Nacional do Itatiaia and Reserva Biológica de Macaé de Cima, sharing
approximately 56% of the Orchidaceae species, they are suggesting that SN/SF should be
considered a floristic corridor between sites in Serra da Mantiqueira. The sites open rocky
grasslands were highlight due their special floristics features. The Mantel test revealed no
association between the floristic similarity and the geographical distance of the areas. The
questions remain opened in relation to what factors are influencing the diversity and the
distributional patterns of Orchidaceae, then other ordination tests ordination, including
abundancy and environmental data should be applied.
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Tissue culture of selected indigenous monocotyledons.Finnie, Jeffrey Franklin. January 1988 (has links)
Components of the South African indigenous flora are disappearing at an alarming
rate, due to pressures on land use. The flora is protected by proclamation of reserves
and conservation legislation, however these measures can never be wholly
successful. For these reasons, methods for propagting Clivia miniata, Gloriosa
superba and Sandersonia aurantiaca using in vitro techniques were investigated.
The highly sought after Clivia miniata var citrina can be successfully cultured
using fruit and floral explants. Use of these explants may limit the number of
plants produced in culture due to the seasonal nature of flowering. Gloriosa superba
and Sandersonia aurantiaca can be propagated using corm explants, with subsequent
in vitro stimulation of cormlet formation. To establish a successful tissue culture
procedure an integrated approach to all aspects of the culture is necessary. Sterilization
techniques should be empirical and specific for each species and explant.
The most critical factor in establishing a culture technique is the choice of a
suitable explant. Without a suitable explant the success of the culture procedure
may be severely limited. Nutritional and environmental variation may modify
the explant response in culture, but initial culture response can be directly related
to the origin of the explant, particularly, size, time of the year, age and physiological
status.
Since the discovery of colchicine in Gloriosa by CLEWER, GREEN and TUTIN
(1915) a number of researchers have put forward the idea that Gloriosa would
serve as a source of colchicine. The present trend in biochemical production is
via artificial synthesis, however many desirable compounds still have to be extracted
from plant material for biochemical production. The utilization of plant cells that are cultured in vitro provides a viable alternative to the problems involved
in the production of chemical compounds.
Levels of colchicine in Gloriosa and Sandersonia are very similar, in the range
of ± 0,9%. From evidence presented by BELLET and GAIGNAULT (1985), levels
of colchicine in the two study species is much higher than the recorded level (0,62%)
of Colchicum. This higher level of the alkaloid makes these two plants a viable
source for commercial colchicine production.
Levels of colchicine recovered from in vitro grown roots and callus was 10 - 20
times lower than that found in -in -viv-o tissue. Levels of colchicine extracted from
plantlets grown in vitro was the same as that normally recorded for parent tissue.
Higher levels of colchicine in malformed roots adds to the evidence that differentiation
increases colchicine production in Gloriosa tissue in vitro.
It has been shown that Gloriosa and Sandersonia tissue can synthesize colchicine
in vitro. The extent to which the cells synthetic capacity can be enhanced has
yet to be determined. However, research into speedier and more wide ranging
methods for metabolite production in culture is receiving attention throughout
the world. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1988.
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