During the first half of the Nineteenth Century the dynamic of public commemoration was largely played out in the Parisian cemetery rather than in the capital. Particularly at Père Lachaise, most of the social and political changes of the capital below were mirrored and to a certain degree, the political identities of the living were actively being formulated through the erection of monuments. The purpose of this work is to illustrate, through a number of examples, that dynamic between city and cemetery. Late eighteenth-century legislation and debates evolved to allow a variety of socio-political groups the opportunity of carving out their own spheres of identity and status in the cemetery. Like ideas about death and religious beliefs, previously used as the basis for a collective analysis of funeral monuments, this establishment of socioeconomic and political identities may be perceived as a unifying function for a seemingly disparate group of monuments. During the Restoration, Parisian monuments dedicated to Louis XVI, urban and religious in nature, functioned in direct contrast to the essentially secular, extra-mural and relatively democratic space of Père Lachaise promoting the cemetery as a space for political oppositional groups to identify themselves, illustrated by the monument to the liberal opposition leader General Foy and the tombs of a growing military enclave. Nonetheless the cemetery was also used for the presentation of official identities, illustrated by the monument to Prime Minister Périer, whose iconography can be linked to July Monarchy ideology through comparisons with official Parisian public sculpture. Even more encompassing aspects of identity and appurtenance were reflected in the rising bourgeoisie's establishment of imposing family mausoleums.

Building an identity is a broad based study of the monuments which two female patrons built from 1566 to 1666. It probes the impulse to commemorate, considers why memorials took the form that they did, and takes account of the social conventions which provided a framework for the behaviour of these patrons. Their reasons for commemoration provided a key to the comprehension of funeral monuments, whose forms and epitaphs went beyond remembering the worthy dead with a memorial, to a quite specific view of the deceased, which served these patrons' purposes of promoting their own identities in eternal stone in the public spaces of churches. The patronage of several monuments by Elizabeth Cooke, annotated with copious epitaphs, offered a repeated opportunity to observe the thinking behind her commemoration of members of her family. Visual evidence was greatly extended by substantial documentation of her career. Repeated expenditure on monuments by this woman called for an external perspective on her behaviour by investigation of the purposes of another patron. This was provided by Anne Clifford, who set up an even longer series of monuments, extending her commemoration from family to lower ranking people who were significant in sustaining her perception of her own identity. Because both patrons of multiple monuments were women, and so far as it is now possible to establish, these were the only female patrons of long series of memorials in England at this period, the study investigated gender status to find out how their patronage fell within accepted female practice and how they extended the domestic roles assigned to high ranking Englishwomen. This study of their lives and commissions showed these women to be assuming head of family functions, through which they claimed high rank for themselves, which was only marginally affected by their consciousness of inferior female gender.

No description available.

Thesis (M.Land.Arch.(Coursework thesis))--University of Adelaide, School of Architecture, Landscape Architecture and Urban Design, 2002. / "August 2002" Bibliography: leaves [1-8].

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Bibliography: p. 234-240.

Akademisk avhandling--Göteborgs högskola. / "Latinska inskrifter": p. [175]-467; "Svenska inskrifter": p. [469]-512. "Litteratur": p. [ix]-xvi.

Diss.--Philosophische Fakultät I--Zürich--Universität Zürich, 1983. / Notes bibliogr.

Diss.--Bonn--Universität, 1989.

DEA--Arts, philosophie et esthétique--Paris 8, 1992. / Bibliogr. p. 87-93.

Thesis--Basel. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-157).