Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01

A partir de informações existentes e registradas em Maternidades e Hospitais Gerais de Florianópolis (S.C.) e na Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, realizou-se estudo retrospectivo compreendendo o período de 19 de janeiro de 1975 a 31 de dezembro de 1979. Determinou-se coeficientes de mortalidade materna numa série histórica de cinco anos, segundo o tipo de óbtios e causas básicas. Verificou-se ainda a relação entre mortalidade materna e as variáveis idade, paridade, tipo de parto e local de residência. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o coeficiente de mortalidade materna foi elevado e atingiu nível maior do que os resultados de registros oficiais. Em 18,2 por cento dos óbitos houve preenchimento inadequado dos atestados, o que teria proporcionado perda destes casos como óbito materno. A maior proporção das mortes maternas foi devida aos óbitos obstétricos diretos, com um percentual de 75,0 por cento . Os óbitos obstétricos diretos foram constituídos em 54,5 por cento de infecção, 30,3 por cento de hemorragia e 15,2 por cento de toxemia. O coeficiente específico por infecção foi de 4,15/10.000 nascidos vivos (N.V.) tendo como principal causa básica o aborto. O grupo de hemorragia teve coeficiente de 2,31/10.000 N.V. e as causas básicas que contribuíram na quase totalidade dos óbitos foram rotura de útero sem outras especificações (SOE), laceração de colo de útero e parto a vácuo extrator. A toxemia apresentou coeficiente de 1,15/10.000 N.V. tendo como causa básica mais incidente, a eclâmpsia sobreposta à hipertensão arterial pré-existente. Conclui-se, ainda, que houve relação entre mortalidade materna e as variáveis idade, paridade e, em especial, com tipo de parto e local de residência. / Based on data collected at Maternities and General Hospitais in Florianópolis (S.C.) and at the State of Santa Catarina Secretary of Health a retrospective study on Maternal Mortality in the period January 1st, 1975 december 31th, 1979 was performed. The Maternal Mortality rate was determined by means of a historical series of 5 years, according to the type and main basic cause of death. The relation between Maternal Mortality and variables like chronological age, parity, type of delivery and place of residence was also studied. The results of the investigation indicated that the Maternal Mortality rate was high, being even higher than that officially presented. In 18.2 per cent of the cases there was an incorrect filling of the death certificates what could cause their exclusion as maternal deaths. The highest proportion of maternity deaths was caused by direct obstetric causes with a percentage of 75.0 per cent . The direct obstetric deaths were due to infection (54,5 per cent ), haemorrhagy (30.3 per cent ) and toxemy (15,2 per cent ). The speciific rate for infections was 4.15/10,000 live borns (L.B.) being abortion its main basic cause. The specific rate for haemorrhagy was 2.3/10,000 L.B. being its basic cause, which contributed to almost the totality of deaths, rupture of the uterus not otherwise specified (NOS),laceration of the uterus walls and delivery by vacuum extractor. The specific rate for toxemy was 1.15/10,000 L.B. being its basic cause eclampsy associated to pre-existent hypertension. It was concluded that there was a relation between maternal mortality and the variables chronological age parity and, in some special causes with the type of delivery and place of residence.

A partir de informações existentes e registradas em Maternidades e Hospitais Gerais de Florianópolis (S.C.) e na Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, realizou-se estudo retrospectivo compreendendo o período de 19 de janeiro de 1975 a 31 de dezembro de 1979. Determinou-se coeficientes de mortalidade materna numa série histórica de cinco anos, segundo o tipo de óbtios e causas básicas. Verificou-se ainda a relação entre mortalidade materna e as variáveis idade, paridade, tipo de parto e local de residência. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o coeficiente de mortalidade materna foi elevado e atingiu nível maior do que os resultados de registros oficiais. Em 18,2 por cento dos óbitos houve preenchimento inadequado dos atestados, o que teria proporcionado perda destes casos como óbito materno. A maior proporção das mortes maternas foi devida aos óbitos obstétricos diretos, com um percentual de 75,0 por cento . Os óbitos obstétricos diretos foram constituídos em 54,5 por cento de infecção, 30,3 por cento de hemorragia e 15,2 por cento de toxemia. O coeficiente específico por infecção foi de 4,15/10.000 nascidos vivos (N.V.) tendo como principal causa básica o aborto. O grupo de hemorragia teve coeficiente de 2,31/10.000 N.V. e as causas básicas que contribuíram na quase totalidade dos óbitos foram rotura de útero sem outras especificações (SOE), laceração de colo de útero e parto a vácuo extrator. A toxemia apresentou coeficiente de 1,15/10.000 N.V. tendo como causa básica mais incidente, a eclâmpsia sobreposta à hipertensão arterial pré-existente. Conclui-se, ainda, que houve relação entre mortalidade materna e as variáveis idade, paridade e, em especial, com tipo de parto e local de residência. / Based on data collected at Maternities and General Hospitais in Florianópolis (S.C.) and at the State of Santa Catarina Secretary of Health a retrospective study on Maternal Mortality in the period January 1st, 1975 december 31th, 1979 was performed. The Maternal Mortality rate was determined by means of a historical series of 5 years, according to the type and main basic cause of death. The relation between Maternal Mortality and variables like chronological age, parity, type of delivery and place of residence was also studied. The results of the investigation indicated that the Maternal Mortality rate was high, being even higher than that officially presented. In 18.2 per cent of the cases there was an incorrect filling of the death certificates what could cause their exclusion as maternal deaths. The highest proportion of maternity deaths was caused by direct obstetric causes with a percentage of 75.0 per cent . The direct obstetric deaths were due to infection (54,5 per cent ), haemorrhagy (30.3 per cent ) and toxemy (15,2 per cent ). The speciific rate for infections was 4.15/10,000 live borns (L.B.) being abortion its main basic cause. The specific rate for haemorrhagy was 2.3/10,000 L.B. being its basic cause, which contributed to almost the totality of deaths, rupture of the uterus not otherwise specified (NOS),laceration of the uterus walls and delivery by vacuum extractor. The specific rate for toxemy was 1.15/10,000 L.B. being its basic cause eclampsy associated to pre-existent hypertension. It was concluded that there was a relation between maternal mortality and the variables chronological age parity and, in some special causes with the type of delivery and place of residence.

Accompanying CD-ROM is part of the appendix. It includes computer programs, data files and output tables. Bibliography: leaves 166-170. The average length of life from birth until death in a human population is a single statistic that is often used to characterise the prevailing health status of the population. It is one of many statistics calculated from an analysis that, for each age, combines the number of deaths with the size of the population in which these deaths occur. This analysis is generally known as life table analysis. Life tables have only occasionally been produced specifically for South Australia, although the necessary data has been routinely collected since 1842. In this thesis, the mortality pattern of South Australia over the period of 150 years of European settlement is quantified by using life table analyses and estimates of average length of life. System requirements for accompanying CD-ROM: IBM compatible computer. Other requirements: Winzip. Adobe Acrobat Reader is required to view or print the PDF files.

Road mortality threatens the long-term viability of some wildlife populations, particularly herpetofauna. Wildlife road mortalities were recorded during regular bicycle-based surveys of the 1000 Islands Parkway in south eastern Ontario during 2010 and 2011. These data were grouped with similar data collected in 2008 and 2009 to determine when and where animals were killed along the Parkway to better inform mitigation options. Temporal and spatial clustering was significant for five taxonomic groups: snakes were found dead on the road primarily in September, turtles in June, frogs in July, and birds and mammals in June and July. The majority of turtles found on the Parkway were adult females, which may have implications for long-term population demographics and persistence. Regression tree analysis indicates day-of-year as the most important variable in explaining wildlife road mortality for all taxonomic groups, with higher road mortalities coinciding with higher minimum daily temperature. Precipitation and traffic accounted for little variation in snake road mortality, and had no effect on turtle, frog, bird or mammal road kills. Spatial clustering was found for all taxonomic groups with overlapping areas of significant clustering between years identified as hot spots. In addition, the potential for drainage culverts to reduce wildlife road mortality was tested with two experimental treatments in 2010: (1) blocked culverts to prevent wildlife use, and (2) drift fence installation adjacent to culverts to encourage wildlife use. Wildlife road mortalities at these locations as well as control culverts were compared with 2008 wildlife road mortalities when there were no culvert treatments. The number of road kills in the area of treatments was too low to measure changes for all taxa but frogs, which showed no significant changes in road kills for any culvert treatment. The results of the study are used to evaluate a list of potential options for mitigating wildlife road mortality along the Parkway, and a list of implementable actions is identified. / Thesis (Master, Environmental Studies) -- Queen's University, 2012-05-31 16:33:51.623

Typescript. / Thesis (D. P. H.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1988. / Bibliography: leaves 320-338. / Photocopy. / Microfilm. / xxvii, 338 leaves, bound 29 cm

In the New Zealand context, considerable academic and government attention has been given to the socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in health, and how they have evolved over time. Despite evidence of clear regional health patterning within New Zealand, there has been very little research monitoring how the geographical trends in health have evolved over time. The period 1980 to 2001 is very important in New Zealand's contemporary history, as it was a time of rapid social and economic change. For this reason, researchers are motivated to examine the extent to which health differentials evolved during the same period. The reduction of health inequalities are at the top of the Government's health agenda, it is therefore important not only to monitor the success, or otherwise, of a reduction in social inequalities, but also, geographic inequalities. This thesis examines the extent of geographic inequalities in mortality in contemporary New Zealand, and whether or not mortality has become geographically polarised between 1981 and 2000. This thesis builds on research carried out in New Zealand, and seeks to delve deeper into the specifics of the geographic variation of mortality. Importantly, it fills several knowledge gaps during this period, which include: the geographic inequality of cause-specific mortality, the difference in regional cause-specific mortality between males and females, and the inequalities of mortality at a finer geographic resolution. A significant debate revolves around the relative contribution of compositional and contextual explanations for the geographic variation of health outcomes. The research undertaken in this thesis examines the contribution of population change and deprivation to the geographic inequalities of mortality. Numerous key findings were identified in this research, four of which are as follows: In 2000, significant geographic inequalities in cause-specific mortality existed within New Zealand; between 1981 and 2000 the geographic mortality gap remained relatively stable; and when the geographic areas are sorted by deprivation, the results indicate that there has been a widening of the mortality gap. Analysis of the relationship between population change and mortality provide cautious support for the finding that mortality rates are higher in areas that have experienced population decline and conversely, that mortality rates are lower in areas where there has been a growth in population. The high and stable levels of geographic inequality should be of great concern to policy makers as the results of this research indicate that policies addressing health inequalities in New Zealand are not sufficiently potent.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska instttutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 2008. / Adviser: Benjamin C. Amick, III. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: B, page: 0974. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1932.