This paper centres in and around words. I have incorporated words into my recent work in a variety of ways including drawing, Letraset, sound and fiction writing. The philosophical questions which arise through any use of language and the various ways of adopting these questions and words within a 'visual art' context is considered in a number of ways. These include The Voyager Interstellar Space Mission which was humankind's first attempt to communicate with other hypothesized populations, conceptual word-incorporating artists, writers of fiction and philosophers within whose work can readily be found an extreme vigilance towards language. Alongside this word exploration I will consider other processes through which I've made and continue to make, works of art. These processes include drawing and film/video. My drawings (which sometimes include words) will be addressed in terms of a crossover between the drawn line and words found in Raymond Carver's story Cathedral. This story made me think about what it means to 'be led' by somebody and how I'm led (by myself or perhaps those mysterious 'populations' the Voyager team of thinkers had in mind) when drawing. It also marks an interesting point in my discussion of a state of being 'without words.' In addition to words an important focus in this paper are the windows through which I've spent a lot of 'my life' looking at 'life pass by' (which are in many ways a physical reality corresponding to the metaphorical 'frame of language'). The time I've spent looking out windows over the past few years has resulted in. several film and video pieces in addition to my latest work (presented as the appendix of this paper) which comprises of a series of short stories. The paper opens with a quote by German philosopher Martin Heidegger: "Language is the house of Being. In its home man dwells." The enigmatic broadness of this statement is appropriate to the apprehensive and cautious attitude towards words found throughout the paper (also it mentions 'house' which immediately brings to my mind 'windows')

The notion of doubledeath, as an idea to generate work, can be seen as both an ironic reflection on the medium of photography and a critical attempt to comment on contemporary culture. In short, the inherent characteristics of the photographic medium and its function within society are combined. Photography embodies both death and the beginning of something autonomous and new in the very moment of the picture-taking process. A photograph is a mere simulation of what was once there, in front of the lens, transformed onto photographic paper. It then opens up a whole range of new possibilities to the viewer. The photograph's almost life-like appearance informs the photographic myth that is the idea that a photograph provides evidence of absolute truth. This characteristic together with the possibility of manipulating and altering a photograph has been continuously exploited by mass media to influence, make and guide our perceptions towards reality. These characteristics of image-making have left the borders between fiction and fact blurred. Living in a world of over-mediation it is hard to escape and find one's way around in this melting pot of the various realities suggested. Reality today is informed by the present trace of an absent original. When this is recorded photographically, it could be described as a doubledeath. Both this research documentation and the studio work are social comments on contemporary life and artmaking. Where photographs record scenes from life informed by visual simulation (the presence of the absent) the notion of doubledeath becomes most obvious. Moreover, they reflect contemporary culture, addressing and investigating concerns fueled by today's omnipresent commodity and life-style culture, and provoking thoughts about illusion and the crises of the real. In the 21st century we interact with, acknowledge, accept or even prefer the surface over the essence of things, and real experience becomes more diluted.

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2018-01-31T14:58:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2870522 bytes, checksum: 9a66acf4e1e01494613efb41e9fea8bf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-31T14:58:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2870522 bytes, checksum: 9a66acf4e1e01494613efb41e9fea8bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-28 / The theme of urban violence in Brazil is increasingly becoming the subject of national concern; and the city of João Pessoa, in recent years, presented its highest rates of intentional homicide lethal. The different ways in which everyday violence manifests itself in the national, regional and local levels, is a major challenge for research seeking to interpret the phenomenon from its multifarious forms that interact with analysis of more general factors, such as the crime and diversion. However, in the social sciences and particularly in sociology, there is a lack of literature about the killings for trivial, clumsy or banal reasons, in Brazil. This study aims to evaluate the lethal outcomes among individuals marked by neighborly ties with rational actions for particular solution of interpersonal conflicts. the criminal proceedings related to cases of intentional murder were futile used for trivial reasons, practiced in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa, selected from the notoriety that cases reached through the media. Was analyzed as social actors announce in court proceedings, the modus operandi of violent acts, without the mediation - conscious or unconscious - of the state for the resolution of disputes under the canopy of the management of internal mechanisms of control of emotions and the effects the furious conduct of an (in)dividual on the Other produces the imaginary and social life. / O tema da violência urbana no Brasil é, cada vez, mais objeto da preocupação nacional; e a cidade de João Pessoa, nos últimos anos, apresentou suas maiores taxas de homicídio letal intencional. As diferentes formas como a violência cotidiana se manifesta, nas esferas nacional, regional e local, constituem um dos grandes desafios para as pesquisas que procuram interpretar o fenômeno a partir das suas formas multifacetadas que interagem com análises de fatores mais gerais, a exemplo do crime e do desvio. Entretanto, nas ciências sociais, e especialmente na sociologia, há falta de literatura especializada quanto aos homicídios praticados por razões fúteis, torpes ou banais, no Brasil. O presente estudo propõe avaliar os desfechos letais entre indivíduos marcados por vínculos de vizinhança, com ações racionais para a solução particular de conflitos interpessoais. Foram utilizados os processos-crime referentes aos casos de homicídio fútil intencional, por razões fúteis, praticados na região metropolitana de João Pessoa, selecionados a partir da notoriedade que os casos alcançaram nos meios de comunicação. Foi analisado como os atores sociais anunciam nos processos judiciais o modus operandi das ações violentas, sem a mediação – consciente ou inconsciente – do Estado para a resolução das desavenças, sob o pálio da gestão dos mecanismos internos de controle das emoções e os efeitos que a conduta furiosa de um (in)divíduo sobre o Outro produz no imaginário e na vida social.

This thesis focuses on student motivation for studies at secondary medical schools, as well as on drivers of motivation of secondary medical school students for Bachelor studies. We wanted to know how motivation of present-day students differs from that of general nurses attending medical schools prior to 2004 and what is the impact of practical training teachers of secondary medical schools on professional motivation of students. Theoretical part describes development of nursing care education since 1945 until now, changes in concept of nursing care as they result from Act no. 96/ 2004 Coll. on ?acquiring and recognition of qualifications for execution of non-doctoral medical professions and activities relating to provision of health care and on amending some related legislation?. Further, we focused on job selection and its factors, and last but not least, on motivation and some motivational drivers. The first objective was to find out what motivates students of secondary medical schools in their first and fourth years. The second objective was to look at motivation of students for General Nurse Bachelor studies. The third objective was to describe motivation of general nurses for studies at secondary medical schools prior to 2004. Finally, the last objective was to find out how practical training teachers of secondary medical schools motivate students for their future profession. In the thesis empirical part, we used methods of qualitative and quantitative research. As far as quantitative research is concerned, anonymous questionnaires were used to collect data. The first population of 102 (100%) respondents included first-year students of three secondary medical schools. The second research population of 100 (100%) respondents included fourth-year students of three secondary medical schools. The third population of 107 (100%) respondents included general nurses of two medium-size hospitals. As far as qualitative research is concerned, questioning method and, in particular, semi-structured interview technique were used. A population of six practical training teachers of two secondary medical schools was involved. These practical training teachers were asked two questions: 1. Is there enough time scheduled for practical training to motivate students? 2. In your opinion, are motivational drivers used in practical training sufficient to get medical assistants involved in the practical training nursing process? Quantitative research has the following results: the first assumption that first-year students were influenced more by external motivational drivers than by internal ones, was not borne out. The second assumption that fourth-year students perceived acquired experience as a more significant motivational driver than external motivation, was not borne out either. The third assumption that motivation of students of secondary medical schools for university studies was depending on experience acquired in practical training was not borne out either. Similarly, the last assumption that motivation of students of secondary medical schools prior to 2004 was depending on the then existing value system, was not borne out either. On the other hand, it is clear from qualitative research that practical training teachers do not have enough time to motivate students and that motivational elements used not always achieve their defined goals. This often results from excessive number of students per group. The above research results will be provided to medical schools for thein self- examination. They may also be used for professional public at specialist seminars or congresses as well as for publication in specialized journals.

The diploma thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The objective of the theoretical part is to introduce basic terms and ideas related to emotions (with focus on emotional regulation) and to map different views on the possibilities of emotional regulation. Further, the thesis mainly deals with the repressive coping style. Included in the conclusion of the theoretical part is a short chapter dealing with motivation, especially the implicit motives. This whole part of the thesis is based on specialised literature. The practical part contains an empirical research, before the beginning of which a small number of repressors had been found using a screening method. The research itself maps the subjective views of these repressors on the regulation of their own emotions and their implicit motivational tendencies. Conclusions and a summary of results are given at the end of the practical part.

Esta tese discute o processo de transformação e/ou criação dos motivos na atividade de aprendizagem dos futuros licenciados em Matemática durante o desenvolvimento do estágio supervisionado. Neste trabalho, os motivos são compreendidos como os elementos que impulsionam e orientam a ação e nascem das necessidades do sujeito. O pressuposto é que os motivos somente podem ser percebidos nas relações intrínsecas da atividade. Dentro desse contexto, essa pesquisa demonstra que o processo de formação do professor somente permitirá a descoberta do real sentido do trabalho docente a partir do momento que este esteja inserido em uma proposta de educação humanizadora, que supere o caráter alienante dos modelos atuais de formação do professor. Em decorrência disto, a formação docente deve ocorrer de um modo que possibilite aos indivíduos a apropriação da atividade de ensino. Tendo como base os aportes teóricos fornecidos pela abordagem histórico-cultural da psicologia e, em particular, da Teoria da Atividade. A tese, apoiada principalmente nas idéias de Leontiev, Vigotski e Davidov, destaca a atividade e a sua relação com os motivos, aborda a relação entre a atividade de ensino e atividade de aprendizagem como um componente estruturador da prática docente e como elemento de mediação do processo de apropriação do saber universal do homem. O procedimento metodológico utilizado nesta investigação foi o experimento formativo. Este experimento foi organizado e desenvolvido durante um ano letivo com estagiários do curso de licenciatura em Matemática de uma universidade pública brasileira. Os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa indicam para a necessidade de uma organização de processo de formação do docente que permita não somente a vivência da atividade de ensino, mas a reflexão e a tomada de consciência das suas ações possibilitando a superação da alienação do sujeito humano frente a si mesmo. Com isso acreditamos na possibilidade do processo de transformação da docência em atividade para o professor de Matemática. / This thesis discusses the process of transformation and/or creation of motives in the teaching activities of future bachelors in mathematics during the development of supervised training. In this work, the motifs are understood as elements which impulse and orient the action and induce the subjects necessities. Therefore, the motives can only be perceived in the intrinsic relations of the activity. In this context, this research demonstrates that the process of teacher education will only permit the discovery of the real meaning of the teachers work when it is inserted in a humanizing educational proposal, which overcomes the alienating character of actual models of teacher education. Due to this fact, the teachers education should occur in a way that allows the individuals to significantly appropriate the learning activity. Having as basis the theoretical references supplied for the cultural-historical approach and Activity Theory, supported mainly by the ideas of Vigotski, Leontiev and Davidov, the thesis highlights the activity and its relation with the motifs, tackles the relation between teaching activity and learning activity as a component structuring the teaching practice and as an element of mediation in the appropriation process of universal knowledge of man. The methodological procedure used in this investigation was the formative experiment. This experiment was organized and developed during one school year with pre-service mathematics teachers of a public Brazilian university. The results obtained by the research indicate the necessity of an organization of the teachers education process which allows not only the living of the teaching activity, but the reflection and consciousness taken from his actions making possible the overcoming the alienation of the human subject towards himself. With that we believe in a transformation process of teaching into an activity for the individual.

The aim for this study was to investigate adult illiterate students’ motives for becoming literate. The study was conducted in an adult education institution in Sweden where I interviewed four participants learning how to read and write in a second language. All the informants were illiterate when they started school in Sweden and I wanted to investigate if there were differences in second language acquisition dependent on age, gender, motivation or motive. Individual qualitative interviews were used in the method, based on grounded theory. The result showed no motive differences and all informants had the same motive as a goal; to obtain a job. Motivation, however, varied depending on age, but no gender differences could be found. According to this study, high motivation and a positive attitude are the most important factors for succeeding in the literacy work.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

By referring to established concepts and theories which contemplate our experiences in relation to others and space, this thesis examines the interactions and responses of an audience during various participatory artworks. I draw upon Jean-Paul Sartre’s Being and Nothingness and Elizabeth Grosz’ Architecture From The Outside: Essays on Virtual and Real Space in order to understand our interactions with other people, our interactions inside an environment, and the objects and ceremonies we use during these interactions. I align these experiences with the methods which are employed to anticipate and create the interactions between an audience and a participatory artwork. Our daily interactions can be considered a frame that an artist shapes for their represented situation to allow, provide and guide an audience towards their possibilities for movements and actions within a participatory artwork. The interactions that occur in participatory art are done in relation to others and include groups of people interacting with each other rather than an individual disembodied experience. I refer to Claire Bishop in her book, Artificial Hells, and Nicolas Bourriaud in Relational Aesthetics in order to define participatory art. In defining participatory art I focus on the idea that participation is a social activity without which the artwork does not function or exist. I unravel Brett Bailey’s Exhibit A, Anthea Moys Anthea Moys vs The City of Grahamstown and Christian Boltanski’s Personnes in terms of the frame they use to construct participation and interaction. I refer to my own exhibition Ineffaceable as an exploration of these frames which encourage participation. The inside and the outside are a constant theme throughout this thesis and my exhibition. This thematic re-emerges in relation to a number of opposing and fluctuating dynamics: the self and the other; the object and the subject; familiarity and strangeness; the participator and the spectator; the immersive and the disembodied; and the artwork and the audience. Participatory art has not been sufficiently explored particularly in South Africa with South African case studies and particularly from a practical standpoint that includes methodologies for creating participation. This thesis hopes to enrich and contribute to the contemplations on participatory art by focusing on our interactions with others.