Submitted by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2017-11-08T13:42:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 OMAR ALEJANDRO SANCHEZ RICO.pdf: 2169791 bytes, checksum: 0511fa8066f2b3711fc561c372e44756 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2017-11-08T13:42:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 OMAR ALEJANDRO SANCHEZ RICO.pdf: 2169791 bytes, checksum: 0511fa8066f2b3711fc561c372e44756 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Cristina Ropero (ana@espm.br) on 2017-11-10T12:15:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 OMAR ALEJANDRO SANCHEZ RICO.pdf: 2169791 bytes, checksum: 0511fa8066f2b3711fc561c372e44756 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-10T12:15:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OMAR ALEJANDRO SANCHEZ RICO.pdf: 2169791 bytes, checksum: 0511fa8066f2b3711fc561c372e44756 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / The understanding of a journalistic narrative does not obey only rules strictly rational or logical. It is a product of the affections that the reader experiences from the stimuli that the imago-textual message provides. On the assumption that companies are organized in sharing of sensibilities in flux, we organize our theoretical object under the three-pronged perspective: that of the affections mobilized in the consumers of media narratives independent; the narrative of a social event through the enunciative action of the media independent; and the processes of subjectivation of individuals and collectivities in the state of social protest. To answer these questions, we use as theoretical apparatus a between the understanding of Marilena Chaui, Vladimir Safatle and Muniz Sodré about affections in the information media; the notion of narrative proposed by Michel de Certeau; and narrative identity of Paul Ricoeur; the double concept of politics and police proposed by Jacques Rancière; with the authors Oscar Aguilera and Rose de Melo Rocha We discuss concepts related to the political and aesthetic function within the informative narratives of violence during acts of social mobilization. We work with the empirical object of representations produced during demonstrations against the School Reorganization of the state of São Paulo, in the year 2015. From this social In particular, it is important to discuss the narrative identity of scenes of violence among students and the military police of the State of São Paulo, when independent online media. In this way, we inquire about the emotional basis of communication, from which the idea of ​​a self-reflective subject emerges. / O entendimento de uma narrativa jornalística não obedece unicamente a regras estritamente racionais ou lógicas. É produto das afecções que o leitor experimenta a partir dos estímulos que a mensagem imago-textual fornece. Partindo do pressuposto de que as sociedades se organizam em partilhas de sensibilidades em fluxo, organizamos nosso objeto teórico sob a ótica de três vertentes: a dos afetos mobilizados nos consumidores de narrativas de mídias independentes; a narrativa de um acontecimento social por via da ação enunciativa das mídias independentes; e os processos de subjetivação de indivíduos e coletividades em estado de protesto social. Para responder a estas vertentes, utilizamos como aparato teórico um entrecruzamento entre o entendimento de Marilena Chaui, Vladimir Safatle e Muniz Sodré acerca das afecções nas mídias informativas; a noção de narrativa proposta por Michel de Certeau; e de identidade narrativa de Paul Ricoeur; o duplo conceito de política e polícia proposto por Jacques Rancière; com os autores Oscar Aguilera e Rose de Melo Rocha discutimos noções referentes à função política e estética dentro das narrativas informativas de violência durante atos de mobilização social. Trabalhamos com o objeto empírico das representações imagéticas produzidas durante as manifestações contra a proposta de Reorganização Escolar do estado de São Paulo, no ano de 2015. Desta manifestação social nos interessa, especialmente, discutir sobre a identidade narrativa das cenas de violência entre os estudantes e a polícia militar do Estado de São Paulo, quando agenciadas pelo jornalismo da mídia independente online. Desse modo, indagamos sobre a base emocional da comunicação, da qual emerge a ideia de um sujeito auto-reflexivo.

Ce travail avait pour premier objectif d’analyser la réorganisation du mouvement lors de l’apprentissage d’une habileté motrice complexe, la marche athlétique. Le deuxième objectif était de mieux comprendre le rôle des facteurs métaboliques et de la perception de l’effort sur ce processus.Pour cela, les deux premières études se sont intéressées à l’évolution d’un grand nombre de variables cinématiques avec la pratique. Les participants ont reçu au début de chaque séance de pratique trois consignes (i.e., contraintes biomécaniques) concernant la règlementation et la technique de la marche athlétique. Les résultats de l’étude 1 ont mis en évidence une évolution rapide de la coordination et du contrôle (Newell, 1985) qui semble atteindre un plateau à la quatrième séance de pratique sur les sept réalisées. L’étude 2, qui analyse d’une façon plus approfondie ces quatre premières séances, a indiqué un rôle important des contraintes de la tâche sur la réorganisation du mouvement avec la pratique,réfutant l’existence de principes généraux concernant la maîtrise des degrés de liberté (Bernstein,1967). De plus, l’étude 1 a montré une réduction des valeurs métaboliques et de la perception de l’effort périphérique lors de la pratique, qui corrèlent significativement avec la réorganisation globale du mouvement. Les résultats semblent indiquer un rôle important des informations sensorielles périphériques sur l’adoption de patterns de mouvements plus économiques avec la pratique. L’étude 3a montré que suite aux 7 séances d’apprentissage, les participants adoptent spontanément au test de transition un nouveau comportement, la marche athlétique, entre la marche et la course, et ce pour des raisons non-métaboliques. En conclusion, ce travail propose que la réorganisation du mouvement lors de l’apprentissage de la marche athlétique soit orientée par les contraintes de la tâche d’une part et parla perception de l’effort périphérique d’autre part dans un but d’optimisation métabolique. Toutefois,l’optimisation des facteurs métabolique ne semble pas prioritaire lorsque le système locomoteur doit s’adapter rapidement face à un niveau critique de contrainte. / The first aim of the present work was to investigate movement reorganization with learning a complex motor skill, racewalking. The second aim was to bring more insight into the role of metabolic factors and perceived exertion. To do so, the first two studies analyzed the evolution of a large number of kinematic variables when participants underwent the practice sessions. At the start of each session, three instructions (i.e., biomechanical constraints) concerning the regulations and technique of racewalking were given. The results of the first study put forward a rapid evolution ofcoordination and control (Newell, 1985) that seem to reach a plateau at the fourth session out of seven in total. The second study, that investigated closely these first four sessions, revealed an important role of task constraints on movement reorganization, refuting the existence of general principles concerning the mastery of degrees of freedom (Bernstein, 1967). Furthermore, the first study showed a reduction in metabolic values and peripheral perceived exertion with practice, which were significantly correlated to the global movement reorganization. Overall, the results seem to raise an important role of peripheral sensory information on the adoption of more economical movement patterns with practice. The third study showed that after the seven learning session, participants spontaneously adopted racewalking as a new pattern in the transition test, between walking and running, for non-metabolic reasons. In conclusion, the present work proposes that the movement reorganization accompanying the learning of racewalking is oriented by task constraints on one sideand peripheral perceived exertion on the other aiming for metabolic optimization. Nevertheless, optimization of metabolic factors doesn’t seem a priority when the motor system should quickly adapt to a critical level of constraints.