La presente investigación surge como alternativa de solución, que permite hacer frente al reto de las necesidades educativas en el campo numérico, al que están expuestos niños especiales. Para el desarrollo de la investigación, se utilizó la metodología orientada a la multimedia Briam Blum, la cual toma en cuenta el diseño institucional. Con su implementación se llegó a la conclusión, que los niños con Síndrome de Down del nivel primario de la institución en estudio, pertenecientes al grupo experimental, que hicieron uso de la tecnología, adquirieron con mayor rapidez y de forma más consolidada conceptos como el conteo y cantidad que aquellos que únicamente aprenden a partir del método tradicional, mejorando sus niveles de rendimiento académico, permitiendo así, afirmar que el uso del sistema multimedia educativo, optimiza y cumple el rol de herramienta reforzadora del aprendizaje en personas con Síndrome de Down.

This thesis presents the LiquiMedia operating system architecture. LiquiMedia is specialized to schedule multimedia applications. Because they generate output for a human observer, multimedia applications such as video games, video conferencing and video players have both unique scheduling requirements and unique allowances: a multimedia stream must synchronize sub-streams generated for different sensory modalities within 20 milliseconds, it is not successfully segregated until it has existed for over 200 milliseconds and tolerates occasional scheduling failures. LiquiMedia is specialized around these requirements and allowances. First, LiquiMedia synchronizes multimedia tasks by invoking them from a shared realtime timer interrupt. Second, owing to multimedia's tolerance of scheduling failures, LiquiMedia schedules tasks based on a probabilistic model of their running times. Third, LiquiMedia can infer per-task models while a user is segregating the streams that the tasks generate. These specializations provide novel capabilities: up to 2. 5 times higher utilization than RMS scheduling, use of an atomic task primitive 9. 5 times more efficient than preemptive threading, and most importantly, the ability to schedule arbitrary tasks to a known probability of realtime execution without a priori knowledge of their running times.

CLIC is an international study of a future multi-TeV electron-positron linear collider, where the energy of a high-intensity drive beam is extracted and transferred to the main beam via Power Extraction and Transfer Structures (PETS) in the form of rf power. The study of power production is therefore essential for the feasibility of CLIC. Power production in PETS has been studied, and experiments have been performed in the decelerator Test Beam Line in the CLIC Test Facility 3.In particular, the correlation of the power production and the beam position inside the structure has been studied. It is shown that the total produced power is constant when the beam has a position offset through the PETS. In addition, the difference between the measured phases from each side is independent of the beam position, which allows for efficient combination of the fields. However, the ratio of the power on each side of the PETS unexpectedly shows a linear dependence on the horizontal offset, with a correlation value of 0.87. This can potentially affect the power transferred to the main linac, and should be taken into account in the design of the high power rf system.A graphical user interface was developed for the Test Beam Line, and the functionality is described in detail. The program is used in the operation of the Test Beam Line for monitoring, matching, steering and power production experiments, and has interfaces to MAD-X and PLACET. A documentation is also given of the Test Beam Line and the methods of the power measurements.

Denne Rapporten gir en forklaring på hva programvaredefinert radio er generelt. Den omtaler en konkret realisering ved hjelp av programvaren GNU Radio og den universale radioenheten USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral). GSM forklares slik at leseren får den nødvendige oversikten som trengs for å forstå resten av rapporten. Frekvenshopping forklares generelt og hvordan det er gjort i GSM. Det fremstilles en mulig realisering av frekvenshopping med USRP. Programvaren som benyttes for å opprette et GSM-nettverk presenteres. Programvaren som trengs er OpenBTS, GNU Radio og Asterisk. Den fysiske oppkoblingen av USRP når OpenBTS benyttes i programvare GSM blir forklart og hvilket testmiljø eksperimentene ble utført i beskrives. Delvis vellykkede resultater presenteres og rapporten konkluderer med at det skal være mulig å implementere frekvenshopping i OpenBTS med USRP som RF-maskinvare.

Most watermark-removal methods treat watermarks as noise and apply denoising approaches to remove them. However, denoising methods remove not only this watermark energy, but also some of the energy of the original image. A trade-off therefore exists: if not enough of the watermark energy is removed, then the watermark will still be detected, but if too much is removed, the image quality will be noticeably poor. To solve this problem, the relationship among the energies of the original image, the watermark and the watermarked image is initially determined using stochastic models. Then, the energy of the watermark is estimated using just-noticeable-distortion (JND). Finally, the watermark energy is removed from the watermarked image based on the energy distribution of its Eigen-images. The experimental results show that the proposed approach yields a mean peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the predicted images that is 2.2dB higher than that obtained using the adaptive Wiener filter, and a mean normalized correlation (NC) value of the extracted watermarks that is 0.27 lower than that obtained using the adaptive Wiener filter. In removing watermark energy from 100 randomly selected watermarked images in which watermarks were embedded using the ¡¥Broken Arrows (BA)¡¦ algorithm proposed for the second Breaking Our Watermarking System (BOWS-2) contest, the mean PSNR of 100 predicted images is 24.1dB and the proposed approach successfully removed watermarks from 90 of these images. This result exceeds the minimum requirement of PSNR 20dB for the BOWS-2 contest. Clearly, the proposed approach is a very effective watermark-removal approach for removing watermarks.

One of the fastest growing segments of Internet applications are real-time mul- timedia applications, like Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). Real-time multimedia applications use the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the transport protocol because of the inherent conservative nature of the congestion avoidance schemes of Transmis- sion Control Protocol (TCP). The e®ects of uncontrolled °ows on the Internet have not yet been felt because UDP tra±c frequently constitutes only » 20% of the total Internet tra±c. It is pertinent that real-time multimedia applications become better citizens of the Internet, while at the same time deliver acceptable Quality of Service (QoS). Traditionally, packet losses and the increase in the end-to-end delay experienced by some of the packets characterizes congestion in the network. These two signals have been used to develop most known °ow control schemes. The current research considers the °ow accumulation in the network as the signal for use in °ow control. The most signi¯cant contribution of the current research is to propose novel end- to-end °ow control schemes for unicast real-time multimedia °ows transmitting over best-e®ort networks. These control schemes are based on predictive control of the accumulation signal. The end-to-end control schemes available in the literature are based on reactive control that do not take into account the feedback delay existing between the sender and the receiver nor the forward delay in the °ow dynamics. The performance of the proposed control schemes has been evaluated using the ns-2 simulation environment. The research concludes that active control of hard real- time °ows delivers the same or somewhat better QoS as High Bit Rate (HBR, no control), but with a lower average bit rate. Consequently, it helps reduce bandwidth use of controlled real-time °ows by anywhere between 31:43% to 43:96%. Proposed reactive control schemes deliver good QoS. However, they do not scale up as well as the predictive control schemes. Proposed predictive control schemes are e®ective in delivering good quality QoS while using up less bandwidth than even the reactive con- trol schemes. They scale up well as more real-time multimedia °ows start employing them.

In embedded system, multimedia application is more important than before, And these products appearing more often. In addition, handholding devices are more and more popular, so these products¡¦ price is usually chip than others, and they concern more about power consumption. So in our design, we can¡¦t only focus on performance, low power and low cost are become the one of the most important factors. The main contribution of this thesis is that in MP3 multimedia application we analyzed ¡Bestimated and optimized our hardware and software to achieve low power and low cost issues. In software part, we used the skill of optimization to optimize our complied assembly codes. In hardware part, we analyzed the MP3 decode algorithm, found the critical part, and implement them with hardware to hope we can use the smallest hardware cost, to achieve highest acceleration. And we hope that through our research, we can establish a fundament about development a special application platform.

The development of the Internet and the technological advancements in multimedia are some of the breakthroughs the 21st century has witnessed. Innovative ways are being sought for the application of technologies such as the Internet and multimedia, for the development of effective learning methods. The potential for using the Internet in combination with multimedia for teaching and learning is great; we are only beginning to understand and use the advantages it can offer. Web-Based safety training is an innovative self-paced learning aid which provides distinctive advantages over the traditional, instructor-led classroom training. This study provides an in-depth evaluation of Web-based safety training against instructor-led classroom training. The Web-based safety training uses multimedia such as power point slides with text, images and video clips. This study is designed as an experiment to determine the relative improvement in knowledge of woodshop safety when Web-based safety training is used against instructor-led classroom training. An opinion survey is conducted to determine participant’s attitude towards the training methods.

The H.264 Protocol is an important method for the multimedia transmission and calculation, but it is difficult to work smoothly on the embedded systems because of the low clock in the working environment of the embedded system .Although many new multimedia instruction sets have been developed, the immediate multimedia calculation is still difficult to implement on the embedded system. So this paper uses the ¡§Multimedia Operation Register¡¨, a SIMD architecture, to implement H.264 algorithm on the embedded system to improve the performance of handling multimedia calculation. Multimedia Operation Register, which performs the parallel execution of the multi-data-streaming, uses the bit slice concept to design operation pair combining bit storage cell and bit computation. According to the characteristic , which is the address having constant distance between more than two data being used saved in the Memory, this paper using the striping addressing mode , which can cooperate with the parallel execution of multi-data-streaming , to load the data having strode addresses from the Memory in one instructions. On the other hand, this paper designs a new instruction set based on the Intel MMX instruction set and the operation feature of multimedia calculation. When a designer uses single-data-steaming to implement the H.264 Protocol by the multimedia instruction sets, he will use more interactions to do the same thing in every block. Now this paper can use fewer interactions to do the same thing because the Multimedia Operation Register can use the parallel execution of the multi-data-stream to calculate the data in many different blocks to implement H.264 Protocol at the same time. On the other hand, this paper can reallocate the number of the registers to the arithmetic unit which will be used smartly by changing the working mode. This paper also saves much execution time of some actions such as the transpose of the matrix, the data resorting and the SAD (Sum of Absolute Differences) calculation by using new instructions. In order to reduce the times of memory access, this paper uses the method which rotates the data between two registers to let the data been used as possible as it can. So the coding efficiency can be improved explosively by using all the methods which have been introduced. The conclusion in this paper shows that the parallel execution of the multi-data-streaming will be a very important method to handle multimedia calculation. And this paper advances an innovative architecture to implement the parallel execution of the multi-data- streaming. According to the simulation in 5th chapter, the speedup of handling H.264 Protocol by Multimedia Operation Register is more than four times with MMX instruction set. In the SAD calculation, it even can have ten times advanced then MMX instruction set. At last the efficacy is even better than the latest multimedia instruction set -¡§SSE4¡¨.

Because electronic commerce has been flourishing in recent year, the amount and the variety of information on the web have also been rapidly increasing. However, many problems occur as the result of information overload. This thesis is to study the issue of information overload in the field of multimedia that covers not only medium of diffuse knowledge but also entertainment of everyday life. The main goal of this work is to use personalized recommendation technologies to help users select multimedia he is interested in. The thesis investigates two types of personalized recommendation: tag-based recommendation and context-aware recommendation. Regarding the former kind of recommendation, Folksonomy is the popular Web2.0 application that allows users tagging items to indicate the corresponding characteristics. These tags, provided by the users, directly or indirectly reflect his personal interests. Therefore the recommendation performance is enhanced when the tags are used with computational methods. On the other hand, the latter kind focuses on the contents and the relevant situations, because what multimedia is considered suitable for users can be different under different situations. The advantages of the personalized recommendation technology can improve performance of recommendation and take the context into account at the same time. Meanwhile this study also implements a working system for personalized multimedia recommendation.