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This project deals with the CFD modelling of a free surface flow. The aim is to develop and validate a fast and accurate numerical model for stratified two-phase flows. Volume of Fluid (VOF) multiphase model is employed. The purpose is to use the developed numerical model for the design of an element within a compact nuclear reactor.Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations are conducted. Two free surface test cases are simulated to verify and ensure robustness of the model: a dam break and a vertical cylindrical obstacle set in a channel. From there, an optimization is performed in order to find the best compromise between accuracy and rapidity with the solver. The proper set of parameter models is found by carrying out extensive sensitivity studies and compare the solutions with available measurements.The obtained numerical results show a reasonable good agreement with the experimental data for the dam-break. Significant time savings are achieved thanks to the implemented optimization process while maintaining accuracy. The optimized model is then applied to the second test case and comparisons with experimental measurements are carried out. The same physical behavior of the flow as in experiments is captured with the simulations. The differences found between the simulation data and experiments are partly due to the difficulty to monitor experimentally with a high accuracy the highly non uniform regions within the flow.

The effects of interphase coupling in a multiphase power system become important in the presence of network imbalances and unbalanced phase loadings. In grounded-wye systems, currents that flow in the earth can have significant effects on the system's behavior. Both these effects must be considered in an accurate multiphase power system model. A new treatment of multiphase power system modeling is presented. The treatment relies upon linear graph theory and produces a system multiport model. Mutual coupling effects, the effects of neutral and static conductors, the finite conductivity of earth, and various component models are considered. A reduction in the order of the multiport model also is presented. Multiphase load flow analysis is introduced. Special considerations that arise in multiphase analyses are discussed. Example solutions are presented. A convenient method of representing multiple slack ports is described which results from an application of the principle of superposition. Circulating power flow in multiphase loops is discussed. A procedure is proposed for conveniently representing common shunt and series faults that occur in power systems. The procedure is constructed for efficient computer modeling of multiple cases of various fault combinations in a particular system. / Doctor of Philosophy

Ce doctorat est consacré à la modélisation de l’abattage humide comme procédé d’assainissement de l’air. Les situations d’abattage humide étudiées concernent des particules d’aérosol de diamètre aérodynamique variant entre 1 nm et 100 µm capturées dans l’air par des gouttes d’eau de diamètre compris entre 80 µm et 600 µm (nombre de Reynolds de goutte dans la gamme [1 ; 100]). La modélisation de l’assainissement de l’air par abattage humide nécessite deux phases complémentaires. La première étape consiste à définir un noyau de capture calculant le débit d’aérosols capturés par une goutte dans une situation qui peut être complexe de par la grande variété de collectes différentes (brownienne, phorétique, électrostatique et inertielle). La deuxième étape repose sur la définition d’une approche de simulation numérique des phénomènes prenant place dans l’abattage humide. À cet effet, l’approche de simulation de l’abattage humide proposée comporte une modélisation RANS pour simuler l’écoulement de l’air, une approche lagrangienne donnant la trajectoire des gouttes d’eau et une méthode eulérienne permettant de suivre l’évolution du champ de concentration en particules d’aérosol. Ainsi, la capture de particules d’aérosol par des gouttes d’eau est modélisée via l’implémentation du noyau de capture précédemment défini dans un terme puits au sein du modèle Diffusion-Inertia de Zaichik et al., (2004) / This PhD-Thesis is dedicated to the numerical modeling of aerosol particles scavenging by drops. Investigated situations are about aerosol particles of aerodynamic diameter ranging from 1 nm to 100 µm captured in the air by water drops of diameter varying between 80 µm and 600 µm, with corresponding droplet Reynolds number ranging between 1 and 100. This air depollution modeling is achieved in two steps. The first step consists in obtaining a scavenging kernel predicting the flow rate of aerosol particles captured by a drop in a situation where several collection mechanisms may take place (Brownian, phoretic, electrostatic and inertial scavenging). The aim of the second step is to propose a numerical simulation modeling the scavenging phenomenon. To do so, the scavenging simulation includes a RANS modeling for the air flow, a Lagrangian approach for the drops and an Eulerian approach for the aerosol particles. Thus, aerosol scavenging by drops is modeled by implementing the collection kernel defined previously into a sink term in the Diffusion-Inertia model of Zaichik et al., (2004)