The Alpha and Omega series was executed in 1908, during Munch's hospitalization in a psychiatric clinic where he was receiving intense treatments for a mental breakdown. The subject matter and the iconography of the Alpha and Omega series is closely interrelated with Munch's most significant works, the Frieze of Life series, with which he was preoccupied between the years 1892 to 1902. The two main issues of the Frieze of Life series which deal with the relationships between man and woman and. the aspects of life and death, are closely associated with Munch's philosophy on life, love and death as it was formulated from his personal experiences. Between the years 1902 to 1908, Munch no longer painted works which were thematically or iconographically related to the Frieze of Life series. These years are stigmatized as his wandering years which were spent travelling around Europe. He purposely stayed, away from Norway, because during this period, he tried to avoid any confrontation with memories of past experiences which he feared might affect his mental and physical stability. Finally in 1908, he suffered a severe mental crisis and admitted himself to a psychiatric clinic in Copenhagen. With his doctor's encouragement, Munch carried out his previous plans of putting together a portfolio made up of a poem about man and woman, and Illustrated by a series of lithographs; in this work, he once again dealt with the philosophical issues of life, love and death. Through the revaluation of Munch's philosophies which were closely interrelated with his inner feelings and anxieties, his doctor believed that Munch would be able to bring under control all his frustrations and thus recover from his mental illness. An examination of the social and philosophical milieu in which Munch lived and worked, will enable one to comprehend his philosophy on life, love and death as it was derived from his personal experience. An analysis of the works which constitute the Frieze of Life series will later be used for comparison between the Frieze and the Alpha and Omega series. Through the revaluation of his philosophies as they were recreated in the Alpha and. Omega cycle and through the final conclusion of the cycle, in which he sought vengeance on woman for the harm she had caused him, he summarized all his philosophical notions concerning life, love and. death. After the completion of the Alpha and Omega cycle, and after his recovery, he seldom, if at all, executed works which were related to the main issues of the Frieze of Life series. / Arts, Faculty of / Art History, Visual Art and Theory, Department of / Graduate

This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the fatal woman motif in the writings and art of Edvard Munch from the early 1890s to 1909. It uses a background of the women in the artist's life as well as the literary and artistic worlds in which Munch participated. Following separate accounts of Munch's relationships with five women, the manner in which the artist characterizes each as a fatal woman in his writings and art is discussed and analyzed. Next, the study describes the fatal woman motif in late nineteenth century art and literature. It begins with a discussion of the origin of the Symbolist and Decadent Movements and an ideological examination of the fatal woman motif as it is manifested in the writing and art of these two groups. In addition, it compares Munch's visual manifestations of the femme fatale with the manner in which the artist's contemporaries depicted her. Finally, this study describes two groups of men with whom Munch was particularly close: the Christiania Bohéme and the Schwarzen Ferkel Circle. An examination of the literary works of these men helps to determine the way in which they affected Munch's pictorial perception of the fatal woman.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-10T11:29:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Rodrigues Festucci Ferreira.pdf: 3092476 bytes, checksum: e46bb84f3238cf7d45347d8934cefe5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T11:29:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariana Rodrigues Festucci Ferreira.pdf: 3092476 bytes, checksum: e46bb84f3238cf7d45347d8934cefe5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation proposes to think the condition of melancholy from aspects that define your way of structuring psychically and is located in the bonds and speeches, especially in speech capitalist, who prepare the enjoyment in contemporary society. For both, performs a qualitative research of interlocution between psychoanalysis and art, which unfolds in five stages:1. A history of the theorized about the melancholy of antiquity to modernity. 2. The melancholy in Freud, since their first approximations of the theme in the letters and drafts, who directs the then friend Fliess until the formalization conceptually undertaken in test Mourning and melancholy, not if I leave aside the additional considerations made in subsequent texts. 3. The Melancholy from theoretical considerations developed by Jacques Lacan regarding the constitution of the subject since the stadium of the mirror until the formalization of object a, passing by re-reading of Lacan testing of Freud in different moments of his teaching, his articulation of melancholy to pain to exist from Buddhism and culminating in the meeting of elements that allow to situate melancholy while clinical type of psychosis. 4. The relationship between melancholy, capitalism and social bond through the critique of the capitalist economic system operated by Benjamin, the theorizing of capitalist discourse as an offshoot of the discourse of the master proposed by Lacan, theorists who think the implications of this speech to the subjectivity of the subject in contemporary times without giving up the factors that count as the psychic structure, including Sidi Askofaré , Pacheco Filho and Vladimir Safatle, and joints to be made between the capitalist discourse and the outside-the-discourse of psychosis. 5. The reading of the melancholic expression, both regarding the psychic implications as social, in the work of painter Munch, aiming to take it as index of contemporary society. "Never will people understand that my paintings were created from seriousness and suffering" (Munch apud Tojner, 2004). It is concluded that such seriousness and suffering, however, served as an upholstery for him to go beyond his Art, marking how this way can act both in favor of the structural implications of the melancholic in the loop and the difficulties accentuated by the capitalist discourse. To this discourse Art, with its inventive potential, makes a hole, pointing out an alternative / Esta dissertação se propõe a pensar a condição do melancólico a partir dos aspectos que delimitam seu modo de se estruturar psiquicamente e se situar nos laços e discursos, especialmente no discurso capitalista, que aparelha o gozo na sociedade contemporânea. Para tanto, realiza uma pesquisa qualitativa de interlocução entre a Psicanálise e Arte, que se desdobra em cinco momentos: 1. Um percurso histórico das teorizações sobre a melancolia da Antiguidade à Modernidade 2. A melancolia em Freud, desde as suas primeiras aproximações do tema nas cartas e rascunhos que dirige ao então amigo Fliess até a formalização conceitual empreendida no ensaio Luto e Melancolia, não sem deixar de lado as considerações complementares realizadas em textos posteriores. 3. A melancolia a partir das considerações teóricas desenvolvidas por Jacques Lacan no que tange a constituição do sujeito desde o estádio do espelho até a formalização do objeto a, passando pela releitura de Lacan do ensaio de Freud nos diferentes momentos de seu ensino, a sua articulação da melancolia à dor de existir a partir do budismo e culminando na reunião de elementos que permitem situar a melancolia enquanto tipo clínico da psicose. 4. A articulação entre melancolia, capitalismo e laço social através da crítica do sistema econômico capitalista operada por Benjamin, a teorização do discurso capitalista como um desdobramento do discurso do mestre proposto por Lacan, os teóricos que pensam as implicações deste discurso para a subjetividade do sujeito na contemporaneidade sem abrir mão dos fatores que contam como a estruturação psíquica, incluindo Sidi Askofaré, Pacheco Filho e Vladimir Safatle, e as articulações possíveis de serem realizadas entre o discurso capitalista e o fora-do-discurso da psicose. 5. A leitura da expressão melancólica, tanto no que tange as implicações psíquicas quanto sociais, na obra do pintor Munch, visando toma-la como índice na sociedade contemporânea. “Nunca as pessoas vão entender que as minhas pinturas foram criadas a partir da seriedade e do sofrimento” (Munch apud Tojner, 2004). Conclui-se que tal seriedade e sofrimento, entretanto, serviram de estofo para que ele fosse além com a sua Arte, marcando como esta via pode atuar tanto em favor das implicações estruturais do melancólico no laço quanto das dificuldades acentuadas pelo discurso capitalista. A este discurso a Arte, com o seu potencial inventivo, faz furo, apontando uma alternativa

Tesis

La présence de Peter Watkins dans son film Edvard Munch se manifeste de manière ubiquitaire par le biais de l'instance narrative qui s'infiltre, suivant la logique du masque, dans le portrait qu'elle fait du peintre. Le motif du masque permet de penser la co-présence du cinéaste et du peintre dans un rapport de complémentarité. D'abord, l'instance narrative du film est plurielle: elle comprend le méga-narrateur, l'auteur construit et intersubjectif, l'auteur de film, l'auteur historique et le narrateur explicite. Les caractéristiques propres à chacune de ces instances mettent en lumière les nombreux moyens dont dispose l'instance narrative fondamentale, en charge du récit, pour se dévoiler et se dissimuler dans l'oeuvre. De fait, elle apparaît masquée, formant un visage singulier, bien que redoublant celui du peintre. Le rapport entre le peintre et le cinéaste, qui sont tous deux sujets et objets de l'énonciation, est notamment établi par l'interaction du son et de l'image: Watkins, narrateur explicite se manifestant par la voix over, et Munch, présent à l'image mais peu volubile, se complètent et se définissent l'un l'autre. Ce «nous énonciateur» prend forme dans un réseau de correspondances, de parallèles et de contaminations esthétiques et thématiques entre le peintre et le cinéaste, contaminations qui prolifèrent de même entre monde fictionnel et monde réel. Ainsi, la vérité, conçue par le cinéaste et réinventée par le spectateur dans un acte infini de création, est rendue possible par un rejet de toute distinction entre monde vrai et monde des apparences, objectivité et subjectivité, réalité et fiction, Munch et Watkins. La reproduction et l'imitation laissent place à une représentation délibérément infidèle et subjective de l'époque, de la vie et de la carrière de Munch. La présence ubiquiste de l'instance narrative, contaminant par sa subjectivité non seulement le personnage du peintre, mais tout le langage cinématographique, participe donc de la logique du simulacre, puissance du faux devenue volonté de création. L'omniprésence de l'instance narrative dans Edvard Munch participe d'un désir délibéré, chez Watkins, de falsification et de fictionnalisation. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Peter Watkins, Edvard Munch, Narration filmique, Son au cinéma, Voix over, Documentaire, Réel à l'écran, Masque, Simulacre, Auteur au cinéma, Méga-narrateur, Auteur historique, Auteur construit, Expressionnisme, Biographie, Autobiographie, Cinéma politique.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:49:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 barboza_lk_me_ia.pdf: 643339 bytes, checksum: 29ec35c91aab300cc909f6a6e7bd63ad (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Tendo por principal referencial teórico os conceitos de Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) sobre os arquétipos e o inconsciente coletivo, neste trabalho proponho-me mostrar como o conteúdo simbólico universal se manifesta na expressão artística individual do pintor norueguês Edvard Munch (1863-1944). Coloco em foco imagens que retratam a mulher e as relações afetivas entre o homem e a mulher que o artista produziu na segunda fase de sua carreira, entre 1889 e 1908. Não obstante referirem-se à visão pessoal do artista, revelam simultaneamente a “nova mulher” que emergia na sociedade de seu tempo. Desta forma, ao contextualizar a produção artística de Munch e analisar seu conteúdo simbólico, proponho-me mostrar como a obra de arte pode expressar, muito além dos conflitos particulares de seu autor, o espírito da época em que foi criada, mediante temas universais. / Having as main theoretic reference the concepts of Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) on the archetypes and the collective unconscious, in this work I propose to demonstrate how the universal symbolic tenor is manifested in the individual artistic expression of the Norwegian painter Edvard Munch (1863- 1944). I put into perspective images that portray the woman and the relations of affection between man and woman, that the artist produced in the second phase of his career, between 1889 and 1908. Notwithstanding those refer to the personal view of the artist, they simultaneously bring forth the “new woman” that emerged in the society then. Thus, in contextualizing Munch´s artistic production and analyzing its symbolic content, I propose to show how the work of art can express, far beyond the private conflicts and idiosyncrasies of its author, the spirit of the time in which it was created, through universal themes.

La pintura como expresión de lo interior se ha manifestado a lo largo de la historia humana. Si bien en el siglo XX la motivación por el tema de la expresión interior se ha vuelto un criterio central en el arte esto no quiere decir que no se haya llevado a cabo en épocas anteriores. Por ejemplo, las culturas prehispánicas o los pintores de la Edad Media reflejaron la interioridad del hombre de su época en la realización de las formas, los colores, los símbolos, etc., quizá no de la manera que vemos en el siglo XX sino de manera más sutil. La expresión de lo interior se basa en fundamentos innatos a la naturaleza humana como son la individualidad, el sentimiento, las emociones, el deseo de libertad, la angustia vital y la soledad creadora. Esto se da con el contexto histórico y filosófico de cada época. A partir de esta naturaleza es que el hombre ha sentido la necesidad de expresarse: materializando su esencia; es decir permitiendo ver todo lo que lo mueve internamente. Plasma así en sus obras la percepción de la vida mediante el filtro de su interioridad. Bajo esta visión general como expresión interna del ser humano se sustenta esta investigación y el trabajo plástico que se presenta a consideración. La investigación busca definir la expresión de lo interior mediante reflexiones múltiples. Pasa revista a los fundamentos que la sostienen como búsqueda indispensable para materializar la esencia humana.