The United States population is increasing at a rate that induces the living and working space to expand. This expansion causes humans to put pressure on converting valuable farmlands to urban uses. New residential, industrial, commercial, and socioeconomic factors influence the expansion of a living and working place.Two facets of study are conducted in this research, one of Geography, and Sociology, brought under one research framework. The first purpose is to examine changes in land use in Muncie and Dela are County between 1988 to 1996. Furthermore, it also seeks to study the rate of urban expansion, and direction. The second purpose is to identify the underlying causative factors of urban sprawl.Remotely sensed data is used to determine land use changes, and focused interviews of subjects residing in areas identified as "change" to determine the partial causation of urban sprawl. Research analysis indicated that using remotely sensed data to monitor land use changes is feasible and cost-effective. Further analysis indicates that approximately 1200 acres of agricultural land was converted to urban uses, with the urban expansion moving to the western extremities of the study area. Overall, the analysis indicates the majority of developments were residential and commercial bases.The focused interviews yielded significant information in identifying the partial causation of urban sprawl. The focused interviews of residents living in the areas of change responded Schools as the salient reason for selecting to live in that particular area. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

This project involves two major components: research on the importance of heritage education and a five-lesson unit prepared to introduce fourth-grade students in Muncie to the history and architectural heritage of the area. The research revealed the fact that there are many concepts of heritage education ranging from ideas that involve only architecture to schemes that involve all aspects of culture. This thesis argues that the built environment, along with its cultural history, needs to be taught in the schools so that children at an early age may learn to appreciate their historic legacy. The unit of five lessons on heritage education was presented to two Muncie fourth-grade classes. The unit provided a guide for the students to examine the history and architecture of Muncie, Indiana. At the end of the unit, the students were tested to see what they had retained. / Department of Architecture

The purpose of the study was to provide a descriptive data analysis for program planners on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding organ donation among undergraduate students enrolled at Ball State University. An 84-item questionnaire was administered to undergraduate students. The subjects were obtained from a convenient sample.The data were analyzed using mean and Pearson's r to answer the research questions. The overall attitudes of the subjects were positive (M=20.88 out of a possible 26). The knowledge of the subjects toward organ donation was low (M=9.98 out of a possible 22). About one half of the subjects indicated that they are organ donors, by indicating on the survey that they have signed an organ donor card or a similar document. Attitude regarding organ donation (r =.232) was found to be a greater influence on willingness to become an organ donor than was knowledge about organ donation (r = .106). Recommendations are to submit results to program planners to help create more effective organ donation recruitment. / Department of Physiology and Health Science

This thesis contains the results of a study of the architecture and history of drive-in restaurants from their genesis in the late 1920s to their decline in popularity during the 1960s. The study provides a context within which the historic, cultural and architectural significance of this building type can be evaluated. A Muncie, Indiana case study follows the study of the national context. Conclusions are reached concerning how the designs of drive-in restaurants in the Muncie study area compare to national design trends. It provides a framework for further research of the building type.Of the major drive-in restaurant styles, types or forms that were typical on the national scene, the Muncie study area demonstrated only the roadside stand-type, Modern style, and rectangular form. Independent of style or type, Muncie drive-ins demonstrated various interpretations of elements that were common nationally: the sheltering canopy, the pylon, lighting, electronic speaker systems for ordering, and plate glass. It is possible, though, that the Muncie study area contained other restaurants that exhibited national design trends but were demolished and left no record. / Department of Architecture

The objective of this thesis is to provide the Delaware County Historical Alliance with a maintenance program that will help to preserve the Moore-Youse House Museum. The fundamental steps of inspection, diagnosis, maintenance/treatment, and documentation are discussed and emphasized. These steps provide the basis which underlies the maintenance program.An inspection of the house was conducted. Construction materials and the condition of the building fabric were documented and recommendations made about treatment. Maintenance techniques were discussed and a maintenance schedule was provided to assist in implementing the program. A method for documenting and recording conservation and maintenance work on the structure was also developed. / Department of Architecture

Mental health group homes located in residential neighborhoods are considered a locally undesirable land uses. Most communities and neighborhood members are misinformed or unaware of numerous studies conducted in the United States concerning the impacts of mental health group homes. This study investigated several conflicting issues associated with the siting of mental health group homes and the three most expressed oppositions by the general public to the integration of these facilities into residential neighborhoods. This creative project determined what effects, if any, a mental health group home has on property values, crime and neighborhood stability using a Comparable Market Analysis, Muncie Police Department records, Multiple Listing Service information, interviews and records form Comprehensive Mental Health Services of East Central Indiana. A description of the process used and results are given along with a determination of the impacts mental health group homes have had on the Muncie, Indiana neighborhoods where one is located. / Department of Urban Planning

This thesis focuses on the academic advising and teaching needs of adult learners. It1 is a qualitative study involving twelve Ball State University adult learners, three academic advisors, three college instructors from different departments, and four Student Affairs administrators from different campus offices. The past research explores demographics of adult learners, academic advising strategies, classroom etiquette, and campus resources. The researcher used observations and interviews in the research design. The information was divided into common themes. The themes were demographics, reasons for returning to higher education, concerns, classroom procedures, advising procedures, and campus resources. The conclusion includes a discussion on adult learner needs on-campus and how to address them. There is also a discussion on the responsibilities of the institution.. Included in the thesis are recommendations for future research. / Department of Educational Leadership

This thesis investigated the relative extent to which traditional industrial arts objectives have been met in selected secondary schools in Delaware County, Indiana, as perceived by former secondary school industrial arts students.In addition, the thesis identified, based on the opinions of the respondents, which objectives should be emphasized in industrial arts at the secondary school level.A thirty-two-item questionnaire was used to collect data pertinent to the attainment of the objectives and their perceived order of importance. Tables were developed from the data analyzing the responses according to number and percentages on a four-point scale. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the significance of the findings at the .05 level.Over-all, the findings showed that the objectives studied had been met at acceptable, although varying, levels. Furthermore, the rank order of importance for the objectives as assigned by the respondents coincided very closely with their relative order of attainment as determined by the students' responses to the questionnaire.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the perceptions of teacher trainees, first and second year practicing teachers, college educators, and public school administrators regarding the effectiveness of the undergraduate teacher preparation programs at Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana; and Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan. The analysis of the programs may possibly be applied to teacher preparation programs in Sierra Leone, West Africa.In the study an attempt was made to discover new concepts and practices and potential approaches that would strengthen the undergraduate teacher preparation programs at Ball State University and Western Michigan University. To secure evidence concerning the existing conditions, the following population was randomly selected.(a) Two hundred teacher trainees, two hundred first and second year practicing teachers, fifty-five college educators, and fifty-five public school administrators from Ball State University.(b) Two hundred teacher trainees, two hundred first and second year practicing teachers, fifty college educators, and fifty public school administrators from Western Michigan University.The questionnaire method for obtaining data was determined to be the proper technique and some direct observation of each program was also made. The sampling included every third person in all four main groups. Based on the number of returned and usable questionnaires,(a) the perceptions of one hundred and sixty-five teacher trainees, one hundred first and second year practicing teachers, fifty-one college educators, and fifty-four public school administrators from Ball State University were tabulated, computed, described and analyzed.(b) the perceptions of seventy-nine teacher trainees, forty-eight first and second year practicing teachers, twenty-two college educators and eighteen public school administrators from Western Michigan University were tabulated, computed, described and analyzed.Significant variables also included sex, professional experience, and teaching/administrative positions.The results of the findings revealed that despite the varied expectations of what constitutes an effective teacher preparation program, a high degree of consensus was obtained among the respondents that most of the activities and practices carried out at Ball State University and Western Michigan University were effective. In most instances, the respondents indicated the items as outstanding and/or above average.Supportive and favorable remarks were expressed for specific programs such as special education programs for the handicapped and the disabled; the TOD programs; the multi-cultural programs; and the adult and continuing education program at Ball State University.Based on the findings of the study the following conclusions were made:1. The instructional programs in terms of the curricular content and instructional strategies or modules were effective.2. The supervisory and other related activities such as classroom observation, testing, grading, communication patterns in the pre-student and student teaching in-service programs were effective.3. The personal relationship between the teaching staff and the students was effective.4. The college policies and administrative procedures were effective.5. The motivation, rewards, and sanctions provided forpersonal and institutional growth were effective.6. The evaluative process in terms of staff and studentratings was effective and consistent in general.7. The total evaluative program in terms of the mechanisms of adaptability and flexibility was effective.8. The teaching, research and public services providedwere effective.Areas of concern that may need some examination were general studies; micro-teaching and laboratory experience; student advising in the area of course selection; the selection process in the pre-student and student teaching stages; activities relating to sensitivity/group dynamics; understanding the relationship with the opposite sexes; learning and respecting other cultures; student involvement in the selection of courses; and, communication patterns between college staff, students and teaching staff and the administrative staff.

Water samples were collected at four sites on the White River, Muncie, Indiana, on a biweekly basis from April 1980 to April 1981, to determine seasonal variation in A. hydrophila density. In conjunction with water sampling, temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and pH were determined at each site. During this period a yearly mean of 589 colony forming units (CFU) per ml was obtained with a range of 0-6350. Peaks in mean A. hydrophila numbers occurred during the summer (1808 CFU ml-1) and early spring (3946 CFU ml-1) with lows occurring in winter (42 CFU ml-1). No significant correlations could be found between CFU values and the physico-chemical parameters studied over the calendar year. However, the compiling of data from May 1979 to April 1981 did yield a significant correlation between A. hydrophila density values and the following water quality parameters: temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen.Fish were collected during June through October 1980 at various sites along the White River, Delaware County, Indiana, for the determination of past or present exposure to A. hydrophila infection by serological and direct isolation methods. Of 102 different fish sera tested, 36% (37/102) had a detectable titer to A. hydrophila (isolate #113). However, the direct isolation method only yielded seventeen percent (8/47) of the fishes sampled to be positive forA. hydrophila systemically. Agglutinins to A. hydrophila were demonstrated in eleven different fish species, whereas five different species revealed no detectable antibody to the specific particulate antigen employed. Estimated CFU ml-1 of A. hydrophila was the only parameter which correlated with the presence of agglutinating antibody to this organism in river fish populations.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306