No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Introduction: Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness, but medications and psychosocial approaches designed to treat it leave significant room for improvement. This study investigated Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), a treatment originally designed to reduce anxiety, as a way to reduce manic symptoms. Methods: Participants with bipolar I disorder (n = 44) were assigned via stratified randomization to complete PMR or a control condition (self-focused calming). Participants underwent a positive mood induction procedure, and completed several measures of manic symptoms at Session 1 and Session 2 (several weeks later). Results: Among those who experienced a successful positive mood induction, PMR and the control condition generally resulted in similar reductions in high-arousal positive affect. Participants who practiced PMR between the two sessions tended to experience greater reductions in positive affect at Session 2 compared to those who did not practice. Discussion: The relative parity of the PMR and control conditions suggests that people with bipolar I disorder have effective strategies for regulating positive emotions. Rather than teaching additional strategies, it may be more fruitful to develop methods for helping people with bipolar disorder to implement the strategies that work for them.

The purpose of the research study was to provide improved relaxation training with the use of an electromyography feedback device based on the design of Green et al. (1969). It was intended that this instrument would allow the training of deep muscle relaxation to the point of neuro-muscular silence, while remaining inexpensive enough to be applied in the clinical setting.

A study was conducted to determine the relationship between three different methods of relaxation (listening to music, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), and a combination of music listening and PMR) and state anxiety reduction (as indicated by a feeling of reduced tension for the participant, measured on a self-rating scale). The study also examined the relationship between specific variables (age, sex, music training, music preferences, familiarity with music, degree of liking for music, knowledge of, and experience in, PMR, and learning style) and response to a relaxation method. The study involved forty male and female volunteers, ranging in age from 18 - 60 years. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups or a control group. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in the analysis of results. Results indicated that for the participants in this study, all methods were associated with a decrease in state anxiety, the combined methods being no more effective in achieving reduced tension levels than the independent methods. However, a significant difference was achieved between the PMR group and the control group, with the mean decrease in tension level for the PMR group higher on average than that of the control group. There was also no significant difference observed between the relaxation sessions and the controlled opportunity for social interaction, attended by all participants. Further, case studies indicated that response to relaxation methods is a highly individual one.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1992.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1992.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Det är av vikt för fysioterapeuter att adressera perioperativ ångest för att utifrån ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv så effektivt som möjligt kunna behandla patienter som genomgår kirurgi. Progressiv muskelavslappning (PMA) har visats vara en effektiv metod för att minska ångest. Ingen systematisk översikt eller metaanalys har dock ännu utförts gällande metodens effekt på ångest i samband med kirurgi. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att sammanställa evidensläget gällande vilken effekt PMA har på nivån av ångest hos vuxna som genomgår kirurgi, bedöma studiernas risk för bias samt att bedöma det sammanvägda resultatets tillförlitlighet. Metod: Den här studien var en systematisk översikt och metaanalys. Databaserna AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO och PubMed inkluderades i en systematisk litteratursökning efter randomiserade kontrollerade studier. Datan om studiernas relevanta egenskaper extraherades genom läsning av fulltext. En metaanalys av tillgängliga data utfördes. De inkluderade studierna granskades gällande risk för bias med PEDro scale. Det sammanvägda resultatets tillförlitlighet bedömdes enligt GRADE.  Resultat: Åtta studier inkluderades i syntesen med totalt 582 deltagare. Fem studier inkluderades i metaanalysen. Den sammanslagna standardiserade medelvärdesskillnaden var -1.34, 95% konfidensintervall -.45 till -2.23, P= .003, vilket indikerar en stor effekt. De individuella studiernas risk för bias bedömdes låg. Det sammanvägda resultatets tillförlitlighet graderades till låg kvalitet p.g.a heterogenitet och saknade data.  Slutsats: PMA är generellt mycket effektiv för att minska ångestnivå i samband med kirurgi baserat på evidens av låg kvalitet. Den exakta effektstorleken verkar dock i hög grad vara kontextuell. / Background: Perioperative anxiety is an important factor for physiotherapists to address in order to treat patients efficiently from a biopsychosocial perspective. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) has been established to be effective in treating anxiety. However, to date no systematic review has been conducted on its effect on perioperative anxiety. Objective: The objective was to review the literature regarding the effect of PMR on the level of  perioperative anxiety in adults, to assess the risk of bias and to assess the quality of evidence.  Methods: This study was a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Databases AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and PubMed were included in a systematic literature search for randomized controlled trials. Data was extracted through reading of full text. A meta-analysis was carried out on studies providing necessary data. The included articles were assessed for risk of bias with PEDro scale. The quality of the summarized body of evidence was assessed with the GRADE approach. Results: Eight studies were included with a total of 582 participants. Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled standardized mean difference was -1.34, 95% confidence interval -.45 to -2.23, P= .003, indicating a large effect. The PEDro assessment showed high quality. The GRADE assessment showed low quality due to heterogeneity and missing data. Conclusion: The findings suggest based on low quality evidence that PMR generally has a large effect on perioperative anxiety. However, the exact level of effect seems to be highly contextual.