Title: Possibilities of physiotherapy in pregnancy Objectives: The aim of this study is to create a comprehensive overview of current knowledge concerning the issue of pregnancy from the point of view of a physiotherapist. Literature resources will be collected in order to provide information about the frequent difficulties of pregnant women in the context of the musculoskeletal system and their possible treatment by physiotherapy and also about physical activity during pregnancy. Methods: This study is a literature review. It is a theoretical study primarily based on foreign sources found in electronic databases such as Pubmed, EBSCO, OvidSP, Google Scholar and ProQuest. 139 foreign studies related to pregnancy were included, of which 133 were published between the years 2000 and 2015. Next 6 studies published from 1978 to 1999 were found in the primary sources. A combination of the following keywords was used to search the databases: pregnancy, physical therapy, physiotherapy, physiological changes, low back pain, pelvic girdle pain, pelvic floor muscles, musculoskeletal problems, foot arch, exercise, physical activity, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia. Results: There are a lot of studies concerning to this issue, but in many cases they are too heterogeneous to draw clear conclusions....

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka förekomsten av spelrelaterade muskuloskeletala besvär hos gitarrlärare och elever samt typen av skador. Studien syftar också till att undersöka gitarrlärares attityder till, och tillämpning av, skadeförebyggande strategier. För det tredje syftar studien till att undersöka signifikanta samband mellan skadeförebyggande metoder och förekomsten av spelrelaterade besvär. Tidigare forskning rör vanliga spelrelaterade besvär, riskfaktorer och skadeförebyggande strategier. En surveyundersökning med enkät användes för att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. 166 gitarrlärare besvarade enkäten. Resultaten visar att 72,3% av gitarrlärarna har själva och upplevt spelrelaterade besvär och 31,9% av gitarrlärarna har haft ele- ver med spelrelaterade besvär. Den vanligaste typen av besvär var med muskler och senor. Gitarrlärarna tenderar att skadeförebyggande strategier i mindre utsträckning i undervisning jämfört med i deras egna spelande. Några statistiskt signifikanta samband hittades mellan gitarrlärares attityder till, och tillämpning av, skadeförebyggande strategier och förekomsten av spelrelaterade besvär. Generellt sett använde gitarrlärare vissa skadeförebyggande strategier i sitt spelande och undervisning i högre utsträckning om de hade erfarenhet av spelrelaterade besvär. I diskussionsdelen lyfts aspekter av resultatet i relation till tidigare presenterad forskning. / The aim of this study was to research the prevalence of playing related musculoskeletal problems in guitar teachers and their students as well as the types of injuries. The study also aims to investigate guitar teachers attitudes towards, and application of, different injury prevention strategies. Third, the study aims to investigate any significant interconnections between injury prevention methods and the prevalence of playing related problems. Previous research deals with common playing related problems, risk factors and injury prevention strategies. A survey study with a questionnaire was used to answer the research questions. 166 guitar teachers answered the questionnaire. The results show that 72,3% of the guitar teachers have experienced playing related problems themselves and that 31,9% of the guitar teachers had had students with playing related problems. The most common problem was with muscles and tendons. Guitar teachers tended to use injury prevention methods less in teaching compared to their own playing. Some statistically significant interconnections were found between guitar teachers’ attitudes towards, and application of, injury prevention strategies and the prevalence of playing related problems. In general, guitar teachers with experience of playing related problems were more likely to use some of the injury prevention strategies in their playing and teaching. The discussion section lifts aspects of the results in relation too previously presented research.

The overall aim of the present thesis was to explore and describe the health experiences of men and women with musculoskeletal problems. The specific aims of the four papers were: (I) to explore the experience of illness and wellness among ambulance personnel with musculoskeletal symptoms; (II) to explore the experience of illness and wellness among female health care personnel with musculoskeletal symptoms; (III) to explore the experience of bodily illness among people with musculoskeletal problems in the neck-shoulder region, and; (IV) to investigate the symptoms described by people with non-specific neck-shoulder problems, to investigate the method of development of neck-shoulder questionnaires that assesses pain and other symptoms, to analyse the content and items of these questionnaires, and to compare the findings. The overall findings show that the occupationally active men and women with MSDs were “striving for balance” (I-II), that the disease course of chronic neck-shoulder disorders was characterised by “uncontrollable fluctuations” (III), and that most neck-shoulder questionnaires had a low correspondence to the variety of symptoms experienced during this course (IV). In the process of striving for balance (I-II), the informants’ health experiences were not a state of either wellness or illness, but of both, in varying degrees at different times. The balancing started when illness became too intrusive, and was a process of minimising the impact of illness by accepting and handling it, while attaining and maintaining wellness to feel well enough. When striving for balance, the interviewees kept on working to continue being nurtured at the same time as they made different efforts directed at minimising the impact of their illness. For both men and women, illness was characterised by disembodiment, vulnerability, and exhaustion. The illness experiences were counterbalanced by wellness, where some differences could be recognised between the men and the women. Study III further explored the experiences of bodily illness, focusing on people with chronic musculoskeletal disorders in the neck-shoulder region. The course of the disorder was described as characterised by uncontrollable fluctuations, and it usually developed from insidious symptoms to a state of constant discomfort. The participants experienced calmer periods during the course, but intermittent events of increasing illness were always lying in wait, with periodic moments of consuming intensity. In the interviews included in study IV a variety of symptoms were expressed, which indicated a bodily, mental, and emotional engagement, which included more general and more severe symptoms than are usually related to neck-shoulder disorders. Few of the questionnaires were developed using the experiences of the affected. Taken as a whole, did the questionnaires cover many of the symptoms of the interviewees, but each individual questionnaire only included a few. The fluctuations and nuances of symptoms were rarely considered. The correspondence between individual questionnaires and the experiences of those affected was most often low. This thesis reveals other aspects of health than just bodily experiences as important among occupationally active people with MSDs. It also provides a description of the disease course, and an indication of possibilities for improvement of neck-shoulder questionnaires.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:49:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alvaro Braga de Moura Neto.pdf: 794476 bytes, checksum: e95db4d51b255980101fd944d5e7b24c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-24 / Physical inactivity (IF) appears associated with a number of chronic diseases, affecting people in all age groups and different social groups. When we focus on the working class, lack of information regarding the specificity of their work difficult to recognize risk factors for certain diseases or health hazards, especially when the outcome it is the level of IF in the fields of leisure and work. The recognition of the level of physical inactivity, particularly those working in urban public transport, is of great value in order to provide information to help governing bodies to create public policy measures that include improvements in both the workplace and health this population. Objective: To determine the level of IF and associated factors among drivers and conductors of public transport of the city of Pelotas / RS. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of character in the census the urban area of Pelotas. All drivers and collectors working in the transportation of the city of Pelotas / RS for study. Data collection will be made through pre-tested questionnaires and coded, with questions on socioeconomic, demographic, labor conditions and health (musculoskeletal problems, level of IF and minor psychiatric disorders). The instrument used to determine the level of IF is the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), leisure and travel sections in the application interview on the previous week, including questions regarding the frequency and duration of performing activities moderate physical, vigorous and walking. Minor psychiatric problems or minor mental illnesses will be identified by the SRQ-Self-Report Questionnaire, an instrument consisting of 20 questions (SRQ-20) that can be answered through self-report or interview. The identification of musculoskeletal problems is through the reference of pain or discomfort located in different physical locations, as recommended by Kuorinka et al. (1987). / A inatividade física (IF) apresenta-se associada a uma série de doenças crônicas, atingindo pessoas em todas faixas etárias e de diferentes grupos sociais. Quando focamos a classe trabalhadora, escassez de informações referentes à specificidade de seu trabalho dificultam o reconhecimento de fatores de risco para determinadas doenças ou agravos a saúde, principalmente quando o desfecho trata-se do nível de IF nos domínios de lazer e trabalho. O reconhecimento do nível de inatividade física, em especial daqueles que trabalham no transporte coletivo urbano, é de grande valia no sentido de fornecer informações que auxiliem órgãos gestores de políticas públicas a criarem medidas que contemplem melhorias, tanto no ambiente de trabalho como para a saúde dessa população. Objetivo: Determinar o nível de IF e fatores associados em motoristas e cobradores do transporte coletivo urbano da cidade de Pelotas/RS. Metodologia: Estudo transversal de caráter censitário na zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas-RS. Todos os motoristas e cobradores que trabalham no transporte coletivo urbano da cidade de Pelotas/RS participarão do estudo. A coleta de dados será realizada através de questionários pré-testados e codificados, contendo questões sobre variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, condições de trabalho e saúde (problemas musculoesqueléticos, nível de IF e transtornos psiquiátricos menores). O instrumento utilizado para determinar o nível de IF será a versão longa do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), nas seções lazer e deslocamento com a aplicação de entrevista referente à semana anterior, contendo perguntas em relação à frequência e duração da realização de atividades físicas moderadas, vigorosas e da caminhada. Os problemas psiquiátricos menores ou doenças psíquicas menores serão identificados por meio do SRQ- Self-Report Questionnaire, instrumento constituído de 20 perguntas (SRQ-20) que podem ser respondidas através de autopreenchimento ou de entrevista. A identificação dos problemas musculoesqueléticos será através da referência de dor ou mal-estar localizado nas diversas localizações corporais, conforme recomendação de Kuorinka et al. (1987).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:49:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane G da Silva.pdf: 886455 bytes, checksum: f38d456501fecb57ccf797bfdcb900c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-25 / the workers in education, nowadays, face problems like the increase of the students matriculated, lack of equipments and essential material or lack of maintenance of the ones that exist, lack of infrastructure and material resources, and others. The knowledge of the work conditions and their reflection in the teacher´s health, especially at those who work with childhood education, is very important to give information that helps public politician s managers to create measures that comprehend improvements, to both work environment and population involved health. Objectives: To investigate the work and health conditions of preschool teachers from the public schools in Pelotas, RS. Methodology: Descriptive study. All the preschool teachers of the city and the state will be part of this study. The collect of the data will be performed using a pretested and codified questioner, comprehend socioeconomic, demographic, work conditions and health (musculoskeletal problems, the level of physical activity, the voice problems correlated and the minor psychological disorders) variables. The instrument used to determinate the level of physical activity will be the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), performing an interview regarding the previous week, including questions about the frequency and duration of the realization of moderated and intense physical activity and walking. The minor psychological problems or the minor psychiatric disease will be identified by the SRQ Self-Report Questionnaire, instrument comprising 20 questions (SRQ-20) that can be answered by self-report or interview. The identification of the musculoskeletal problems will be by the report of the presence of pain or uneasiness located at the body, according to Kuorinka et al. (1987). Problems related to the voice will be investigated by the Brazilian versions of the V-RQOL (Hogikyan & Sethuraman, 1999), which received the name Qualidade de Vida em Voz QVV (Behlau et al. 2009) / Os trabalhadores em educação, atualmente, encontram problemas como aumentos de alunos matriculados, ausência de equipamentos e materiais essenciais ou falta de manutenção dos existentes, insuficiência de infra-estrutura e de recursos materiais, entre outros. O conhecimento das condições de trabalho e suas repercussões na saúde dos professores, em especial dos que trabalham na educação infantil, é de grande valia no sentido de fornecer informações que auxiliem órgãos gestores de políticas públicas a criarem medidas que contemplem melhorias, tanto no ambiente de trabalho como para a saúde dessa população. Objetivo: investigar as condições de trabalho e saúde de professores pré-escolares da cidade de Pelotas/RS. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo no qual participarão todos os professores pré-escolares que atuam em escolas municipais e estaduais da zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas/RS. A coleta de dados será realizada através de questionário pré-testado e codificado contendo questões sobre variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, condições de trabalho e saúde (problemas musculoesqueléticos, nível de atividade física, problemas relacionados à voz e transtornos psiquiátricos menores). O instrumento utilizado para determinar o nível de atividade física será a versão do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) na forma longa, com a aplicação de entrevista referente à semana anterior, contendo perguntas em relação à freqüência e duração da realização de atividades físicas moderadas, vigorosas e da caminhada. Os problemas psiquiátricos menores ou doenças psíquicas menores serão identificados por meio do SRQ- Self-Report Questionnaire, instrumento constituído de 20 perguntas (SRQ-20) que podem ser respondidas através de autopreenchimento ou de entrevista. A identificação dos problemas musculoesqueléticos será através da referência de dor ou mal-estar localizado nas diversas localizações corporais, conforme recomendação de Kuorinka et al (1987). Problemas relacionados à voz serão mensuradas pelo Protocolo de Qualidade de Vida e Voz (QVV) (Behlau et al. 2009), versão brasileira do Voice- Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL) (Hogikyan & Sethuraman, 1999)