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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Estudo experimental avaliando os efeitos de nanopartículas naturais e transialidase - componentes do PTCTS - no combate à aterosclerose em coelhos / Experimental study evaluating the effects of natural nanoparticles and transialidase - PTCTS components - combating atherosclerosis in rabbits

Garavelo, Shérrira Menezes 21 November 2016 (has links)
A aterosclerose é um processo sistêmico crônico, caracterizado pela presença de lesões, espessamento da parede arterial com acúmulo de lipídeos, e resposta inflamatória e fibroproliferativa. Muitos processos associados à oxidação da LDL, ao aumento de expressão de fatores prótrombóticos, moléculas de adesão próinflamatórias, citocinas e fatores quimiotáticos estão envolvidos na fisiopatologia da doença aterosclerótica. Trabalhos anteriores mostraram a presença de Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mic) em placas lipídicas vulneráveis, associada à liberação de micropartículas (MPs) capazes de interagir com o ambiente e influenciar o processo aterogênico. Assim, a H&S Ciência e Biotecnologia, desenvolveu o complexo PTCTS que tem em sua composição nanopartículas naturais provenientes de plantas medicinais (PTC) associadas à enzima transialidase (TS) para combater as MPs e o Mic, além de ter efeito antilipemiante e antiaterosclerótico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos dos diferentes componentes do PTCTS administrados por via oral em relação à eficácia, toxicidade e mecanismo de ação na terapia antiaterosclerótica em coelhos hipercolesterolêmicos. Foram estudados coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia separados randomicamente em 6 grupos de tratamento: Controle Negativo (CNeg n=6), Controle Positivo (CPos n=6), Partículas orgânicas (PTC n=6), Transialidase (TS n=5), Partículas orgânicas associadas à transialidase (PTCTS n=6), e PTCTS com adição de PDTC (n=6). Os animais foram alimentados com dieta enriquecida com colesterol por doze semanas, exceto o CNeg, e receberam seus respectivos tratamentos durante as últimas seis semanas, concomitantemente à dieta hipercolesterolêmica. Tiveram sangue coletado durante as fases basal, pré e pós tratamento, para avaliação bioquímica do perfil lipídico, transaminases hepáticas e quantificação de MPs associadas a antígenos de Mic e LDLox no soro. Ao fim do experimento, foram sacrificados, e tiveram a aorta colhida em conjunto com o monobloco de órgãos para análises morfométrica, histológica, e imunohistoquímica, de forma a verificarmos os efeitos do PTCTS e seus compostos. O composto PTCTS via oral se mostrou eficaz quanto a eliminação de MPs associadas tanto a antígenos de Mic como de LDLox, e apesar de não ter tido os efeitos antiateroscleróticos e antilipemiantes esperados, reduziu não significativamente a área de placa na porção abdominal da aorta, induziu a aorta ao remodelamento positivo, permitindo um fluxo livre mesmo com uma grande área de placa, e evitando assim a obstrução do vaso. Seus componentes, quando administrados isoladamente tiveram efeitos parciais, as PTC sobre o remodelamento do vaso e redução de placa na aorta abdominal, e a TS sobre a redução do colesterol total, comprovando que a associação de ambos possui atividade mais completa e balanceada. A adição do PDTC ao complexo levou ao efeito oposto, ao inibir a atividade de eliminação de MPs apresentada pelo PTCTS, bem como ao induzir remodelamento negativo dos vasos. Nenhum dos componentes apresentou toxicidade nos órgãos estudados. Os dados encontrados neste trabalho experimental reforçam a teoria infecciosa na patogenia da aterosclerose, bem como a de que MPs originadas de tais microorganismos possam estar induzindo a produção de radicais livres e influenciando a oxidação de lípides, de forma que a remoção de tais patógenos do sangue circulante pode ser um novo caminho terapêutico no tratamento da aterosclerose / Atherosclerosis is a chronic systemic process, characterized by lesions, thickening of the arterial wall with accumulation of lipids, inflammatory and fibroproliferative response. Many processes associated with the oxidation of LDL, increase expression of prothrombotic factors, adhesion molecules, proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors are involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Previous works have shown the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mic) in vulnerable lipid plaques, associated with the release of microparticles (MPs) able to interact with the environment and influence the atherogenic process. Thus, H&S Science and Biotechnology developed the PTCTS complex, which has in its composition natural nanoparticles from medicinal plants (PTC) associated with transialidase enzyme (TS), to combat MPs and Mic, that together have antilipemiante and antiaterosclerotic effects. This study aimed to determine the effects of different components of PTCTS administered orally regarding the efficacy, toxicity and mechanism of action in antiatherosclerotic therapy in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. It was studied White New Zealand rabbits separated randomly into six treatment groups: Negative Control (CNeg n=6), Positive Control (CPos n=6), organic particles (PTC n=6), transialidase (TS n=5) organic particles attached to transialidase (PTCTS n=6) and PTCTS with addition of PDTC (n=6). The animals were fed with a diet enriched with cholesterol for twelve weeks, except the CNeg, and received their treatments during the last six weeks, concurrently with hypercholesterolemic diet. Blood samples were taken during the baseline, pre and post treatment phases for biochemical evaluation of the lipid profile, liver transaminases and quantification of MPs associated with Mic antigens and oxLDL in the serum. At the end of the experiment they were sacrificed and the aorta was harvested together with the monoblock of organs for morphometric analysis, histology and immunohistochemistry, so we could check the effects of PTCTS and their compounds. The compound PTCTS orally is effective at removing MPs associated with both Mic and oxLDL antigens, and despite not having had the expected antiatherosclerotic and antilipemiantes effects, reduced not significantly plaque area in the abdominal portion of aorta, and induced its ascendant portion to positive remodeling, allowing a free flow even with large plate area, avoiding obstruction of the vessel. Its components when administered alone had partial effects, PTC on the remodeling of the vessel and plaque reduction in the abdominal aorta, and TS on the reduction of total cholesterol, proving that the combination of both has more complete and balanced activity. The addition of PDTC to the complex led to the opposite effect to inhibit MPs scavenging activity displayed by PTCTS as well as to induce negative remodeling of vessels. None of the components presented toxicity in the organs studied. The data found in experimental work reinforce the infectious theory on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as well as that originating MPs such microorganisms may be inducing the production of free radicals and oxidation of lipids, so that the removal of such pathogens from circulating blood may be a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of atherosclerosis
12

Molecular cloning, expression and characterisation of antigens from Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Doughty, Stephen William Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of the respiratory disease Swine Enzootic Pneumonia, a mild chronic lower respiratory tract infection that affects pig populations world wide. The disease causes decreased growth rates and poor feed conversion in infected pigs and results in significant economic losses. While several swine enzootic pneumonia vaccines arc available, none are totally effective. These current vaccines are based on bacterins or cell fractions. As yet, no commercial vaccines composed of recombinant subunits are available. Prior to the commencement of this study, three candidate vaccinc antigens had been identified in this laboratory, from the Australian M. hyopneumoniae field isolate Beaufort. The three proteins (48 kDa, 52 kDa and 74 kDa) reacted with antibody secreting cell probes, derived from hyper-immune swine lung tissue, indicating they are important in the local antibody response to M. hyopneumoniae infection. (For complete abstract open document)
13

Pneumonia adquirida na comunidade e derrame pleural parapneumônico relacionados a Mycoplasma pneumoniae em crianças e adolescentes = Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related community-acquired pneumonia and parapneumonic pleural effusion in children and adolescents / Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related community-acquired pneumonia and parapneumonic pleural effusion in children and adolescents

Vervloet, Leticia Alves, 1960- 21 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: José Dirceu Ribeiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T16:03:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vervloet_LeticiaAlves_D.pdf: 6473435 bytes, checksum: 49bac4286557616573190a6494802cbb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e as características da pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC) e derrames pleurais parapneumônicos (DPP) relacionados a Mycoplasma pneumoniae em um grupo de crianças e adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo com 121 pacientes hospitalizados com PAC e DPP em um hospital de referência terciária, entre 2000 e 2008, divididos em seis grupos (G1 a G6) segundo o agente etiológico: M. pneumoniae com ou sem coinfecção, em 44 pacientes; outros agentes que não M. pneumoniae, em 77; M. pneumoniae sem coinfecção, em 34; Streptococcus pneumoniae, em 36; Staphylococcus aureus, em 34; e coinfecção M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae, em 9, respectivamente. Resultados: Na comparação entre os grupos, G1 apresentou frequências maiores em gênero feminino, tosse seca, uso prévio de beta-lactâmicos e maior tempo de evolução, assim como menor uso de assistência ventilatória e de drenagem torácica que G2, enquanto G3 teve maiores frequências em uso prévio de beta-lactâmicos e tosse seca, maior tempo de evolução e menor frequência de uso de drenos torácicos que G4 e G5, ao passo que G3 teve média de idade maior e menor frequência de náuseas/vômitos que G4, assim como menor uso de assistência ventilatória que G5. A coinfecção M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae aumentou a duração dos sintomas até a admissão. . Conclusões: Nesta amostra, a prevalência de PAC e DPP por M. pneumoniae foi de 12,75%, com evolução mais prolongada e quadro mais leves, que por outros microorganismos. Nossos dados sugerem a necessidade de uma maior diligência na investigação de M. pneumoniae em crianças e adolescentes com PAC e DPP em nosso meio / Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence and the characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) in children and adolescents. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study involving 121 patients with CAP/PPE hospitalized in a tertiary referral hospital between 2000 and 2008, divided into six groups according to the etiologic agent (G1 to G6, respectively): M. pneumoniae with or without co-infection, in 44 patients (group 1); etiologic agents other than M. pneumoniae, in 77 (group 2); M. pneumoniae without co-infection, in 34 (group 3); Streptococcus pneumoniae, in 34 (group 4); Staphylococcus aureus, in 34 (group 5); and M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae co-infection, in 9 (group 6). Results: In comparison with group 2, group 1 showed higher frequencies of females, dry cough, and previous use of beta-lactam antibiotics; longer disease evolution; and lower frequencies of use of mechanical ventilation and chest tube drainage. In comparison with groups 4 and 5, group 3 showed higher frequencies of previous use of beta-lactam antibiotics and dry cough; longer disease evolution; a lower frequency of use of chest tube drainage; a higher mean age and a lower frequency of nausea/vomiting (versus group 4 only); and a lower frequency of use of mechanical ventilation (versus group 5 only). M. pneumoniae/S. pneumoniae co-infection increased the duration of symptoms prior to admission. Conclusions: In this sample, the prevalence of M. pneumoniae-related CAP/PPE was 12.75%, with evolution longer and more prolonged course than other microorganisms. Our data suggest that M. pneumoniae-related CAP and PPE in children and adolescents should be more thoroughly investigated in Brazil / Doutorado / Pediatria / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
14

Analyse du polymorphisme associé aux répétitions en tandem pour le typage de deux espèces de mycoplasmes pathogènes chez l’homme : mycoplasma genitalium et Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Analysis of polymorphism associated with tandem repeats for the typing of two human pathogenic mycoplasma species : mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Cazanave, Charles 27 October 2010 (has links)
Au sein des mycoplasmes pathogènes pour l’homme, il existe des mycoplasmes à tropisme respiratoire, parmi lesquels M. pneumoniae, et d’autres dont le tropisme est la sphère urogénitale, comme M. genitalium. M. genitalium est un agent émergent dont l’épidémiologie est encore mal connue. Il est responsable d’infections sexuellement transmissibles, urétrites chez l’homme et cervicites chez la femme. M. pneumoniae est responsable d’infections respiratoires aiguës chez l’enfant et l’adulte jeune. M. genitalium est une espèce extrêmement fastidieuse dont la culture est exceptionnelle à partir de prélèvements de patients. Dans le but d'enrichir notre collection de prélèvements positifs pour M. genitalium un protocole de recherche clinique (FeminIST) proposant un dépistage systématique par PCR du portage de M. genitalium chez les femmes infectées par le VIH de la cohorte Aquitaine a été mis en place. Les méthodes génotypiques ont été largement appliquées pour le typage moléculaire des Mollicutes, mais peu de méthodes simples, automatisées et discriminantes l’ont été à M. genitalium et M. pneumoniae. La MLVA (« Multi-Locus Variable-Number of Tandem-Repeats Analysis ») est une méthode qui analyse le polymorphisme associé aux répétitions en tandem, présentant de nombreux avantages, comme un pouvoir discriminant élevé et la possibilité d’être réalisée directement à partir des prélèvements. Cette technique a été appliquée à M. genitalium et M. pneumoniae et comparée aux méthodes de typage déjà disponibles. Six et cinq VNTR ont été respectivement identifiés comme discriminants pour M. genitalium et M. pneumoniae. Les PCR ont été multiplexées et les amorces marquées pour faciliter et automatiser l’analyse réalisée par électrophorèse capillaire. La méthode a été réalisée sur notre collection de 265 souches cliniques de M. pneumoniae et directement à partir de 123 prélèvements positifs de M. genitalium. La MLVA a permis de typer 89,4 % des prélèvements positifs pour M. genitalium et toutes les souches de M. pneumoniae. Elle s’est révélée plus discriminante que les autres méthodes pour les deux espèces. Les représentations hiérarchiques des résultats confirment l’hétérogénéité de l’espèce M. genitalium et, en revanche, l’homogénéité de l’espèce M. pneumoniae. En résumé, la MLVA s’avère être un outil de typage moléculaire performant pour M. genitalium et M. pneumoniae donnant des résultats facilement échangeables entre laboratoires. / Human pathogenic mycoplasmas include respiratory tract species, such as M. pneumoniae and urogenital species, such as M. genitalium. M. genitalium is an emerging agent for which epidemiology is unclear. It is involved in sexually transmitted infections, mainly urethritis in men and cervicitis in women. M. pneumoniae is responsible for acute respiratory infections especially in children. M. genitalium is a fastidious species for which culture remains extremely difficult. In order to extend our collection of samples positive for M. genitalium, a clinical research study (FeminIST) was conducted. It consisted in a PCR screening for M. genitalium in the urogenital tract of HIV-infected women of the Aquitaine cohort. Genotyping methods have been widely applied to Mollicutes, but few simple and automatized methods have been developed for M. genitalium and M. pneumoniae. The MLVA (Multi-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeats Analysis) method analyzes the genome polymorphism associated with tandem repeats. Its advantages are a high discriminatory power and the possibility of being used directly from clinical samples. This technique was applied to M. genitalium and M. pneumoniae and compared with other available genotyping methods. Six and five VNTR were selected for M. genitalium and M. pneumoniae, respectively. The use of multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis enabled a high-throughput analysis and allowed an easy interpretation of the results. The method was applied to our collection of 265 M. pneumoniae clinical strains and used directly from 123 clinical samples positive for M. genitalium. 89.4% of M. genitalium PCR-positive samples and all the M. pneumoniae isolates were amplified and typed. We showed a higher discriminatory power for our MLVA than for other genotyping methods, without the need of a fastidious sequencing step. The hierarchical representation of results confirms the M. genitalium species heterogeneity and the M. pneumoniae species homogeneity. MLVA appears to be a good tool for molecular typing of these two mycoplasma species, allowing an easy exchange of data between laboratories.
15

Estudo experimental avaliando os efeitos de nanopartículas naturais e transialidase - componentes do PTCTS - no combate à aterosclerose em coelhos / Experimental study evaluating the effects of natural nanoparticles and transialidase - PTCTS components - combating atherosclerosis in rabbits

Shérrira Menezes Garavelo 21 November 2016 (has links)
A aterosclerose é um processo sistêmico crônico, caracterizado pela presença de lesões, espessamento da parede arterial com acúmulo de lipídeos, e resposta inflamatória e fibroproliferativa. Muitos processos associados à oxidação da LDL, ao aumento de expressão de fatores prótrombóticos, moléculas de adesão próinflamatórias, citocinas e fatores quimiotáticos estão envolvidos na fisiopatologia da doença aterosclerótica. Trabalhos anteriores mostraram a presença de Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mic) em placas lipídicas vulneráveis, associada à liberação de micropartículas (MPs) capazes de interagir com o ambiente e influenciar o processo aterogênico. Assim, a H&S Ciência e Biotecnologia, desenvolveu o complexo PTCTS que tem em sua composição nanopartículas naturais provenientes de plantas medicinais (PTC) associadas à enzima transialidase (TS) para combater as MPs e o Mic, além de ter efeito antilipemiante e antiaterosclerótico. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos dos diferentes componentes do PTCTS administrados por via oral em relação à eficácia, toxicidade e mecanismo de ação na terapia antiaterosclerótica em coelhos hipercolesterolêmicos. Foram estudados coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia separados randomicamente em 6 grupos de tratamento: Controle Negativo (CNeg n=6), Controle Positivo (CPos n=6), Partículas orgânicas (PTC n=6), Transialidase (TS n=5), Partículas orgânicas associadas à transialidase (PTCTS n=6), e PTCTS com adição de PDTC (n=6). Os animais foram alimentados com dieta enriquecida com colesterol por doze semanas, exceto o CNeg, e receberam seus respectivos tratamentos durante as últimas seis semanas, concomitantemente à dieta hipercolesterolêmica. Tiveram sangue coletado durante as fases basal, pré e pós tratamento, para avaliação bioquímica do perfil lipídico, transaminases hepáticas e quantificação de MPs associadas a antígenos de Mic e LDLox no soro. Ao fim do experimento, foram sacrificados, e tiveram a aorta colhida em conjunto com o monobloco de órgãos para análises morfométrica, histológica, e imunohistoquímica, de forma a verificarmos os efeitos do PTCTS e seus compostos. O composto PTCTS via oral se mostrou eficaz quanto a eliminação de MPs associadas tanto a antígenos de Mic como de LDLox, e apesar de não ter tido os efeitos antiateroscleróticos e antilipemiantes esperados, reduziu não significativamente a área de placa na porção abdominal da aorta, induziu a aorta ao remodelamento positivo, permitindo um fluxo livre mesmo com uma grande área de placa, e evitando assim a obstrução do vaso. Seus componentes, quando administrados isoladamente tiveram efeitos parciais, as PTC sobre o remodelamento do vaso e redução de placa na aorta abdominal, e a TS sobre a redução do colesterol total, comprovando que a associação de ambos possui atividade mais completa e balanceada. A adição do PDTC ao complexo levou ao efeito oposto, ao inibir a atividade de eliminação de MPs apresentada pelo PTCTS, bem como ao induzir remodelamento negativo dos vasos. Nenhum dos componentes apresentou toxicidade nos órgãos estudados. Os dados encontrados neste trabalho experimental reforçam a teoria infecciosa na patogenia da aterosclerose, bem como a de que MPs originadas de tais microorganismos possam estar induzindo a produção de radicais livres e influenciando a oxidação de lípides, de forma que a remoção de tais patógenos do sangue circulante pode ser um novo caminho terapêutico no tratamento da aterosclerose / Atherosclerosis is a chronic systemic process, characterized by lesions, thickening of the arterial wall with accumulation of lipids, inflammatory and fibroproliferative response. Many processes associated with the oxidation of LDL, increase expression of prothrombotic factors, adhesion molecules, proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors are involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Previous works have shown the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mic) in vulnerable lipid plaques, associated with the release of microparticles (MPs) able to interact with the environment and influence the atherogenic process. Thus, H&S Science and Biotechnology developed the PTCTS complex, which has in its composition natural nanoparticles from medicinal plants (PTC) associated with transialidase enzyme (TS), to combat MPs and Mic, that together have antilipemiante and antiaterosclerotic effects. This study aimed to determine the effects of different components of PTCTS administered orally regarding the efficacy, toxicity and mechanism of action in antiatherosclerotic therapy in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. It was studied White New Zealand rabbits separated randomly into six treatment groups: Negative Control (CNeg n=6), Positive Control (CPos n=6), organic particles (PTC n=6), transialidase (TS n=5) organic particles attached to transialidase (PTCTS n=6) and PTCTS with addition of PDTC (n=6). The animals were fed with a diet enriched with cholesterol for twelve weeks, except the CNeg, and received their treatments during the last six weeks, concurrently with hypercholesterolemic diet. Blood samples were taken during the baseline, pre and post treatment phases for biochemical evaluation of the lipid profile, liver transaminases and quantification of MPs associated with Mic antigens and oxLDL in the serum. At the end of the experiment they were sacrificed and the aorta was harvested together with the monoblock of organs for morphometric analysis, histology and immunohistochemistry, so we could check the effects of PTCTS and their compounds. The compound PTCTS orally is effective at removing MPs associated with both Mic and oxLDL antigens, and despite not having had the expected antiatherosclerotic and antilipemiantes effects, reduced not significantly plaque area in the abdominal portion of aorta, and induced its ascendant portion to positive remodeling, allowing a free flow even with large plate area, avoiding obstruction of the vessel. Its components when administered alone had partial effects, PTC on the remodeling of the vessel and plaque reduction in the abdominal aorta, and TS on the reduction of total cholesterol, proving that the combination of both has more complete and balanced activity. The addition of PDTC to the complex led to the opposite effect to inhibit MPs scavenging activity displayed by PTCTS as well as to induce negative remodeling of vessels. None of the components presented toxicity in the organs studied. The data found in experimental work reinforce the infectious theory on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis as well as that originating MPs such microorganisms may be inducing the production of free radicals and oxidation of lipids, so that the removal of such pathogens from circulating blood may be a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of atherosclerosis
16

Peptidchimären aus Adhärenzregionen von Mycoplasma pneumoniae im Infektionsmodell

Schurwanz, Nicol 16 September 2010 (has links)
Das hochadaptierte, zellwandlose Bakterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae gehört zu den häufigsten Erregern von ambulant erworbenen Pneumonien. Während den alle 3-7 Jahre auftretenden Epidemien könnten gefährdete Personengruppen bei Verfügbarkeit einer effektiven Vakzinierung vor einer Infektion geschützt werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Erarbeitung von Grundlagen zum Aufbau einer schützenden Immunantwort durch Immunisierung mit rekombinant hergestellten Teilbereichen verschiedener Adhärenzproteine von M. pneumoniae. Da die bereits bekannten Adhäsine des Erregers einerseits unverzichtbare Virulenzfaktoren darstellen und andererseits als dominante Immunogene des Bakteriums beschrieben wurden, war die Feincharakterisierung dieser Proteine im Hinblick auf ihre Eignung als Vakzinekandidat Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchungen. Definierte Teilbereiche des Hauptadhäsins P1 und weiterer adhärenzassoziierter Proteine wurden rekombinant hergestellt und auf ihre Antigenität qualitativ und quantitativ mit Seren experimentell infizierter Tiere und Seren von Patienten mit bestätigter M. pneumoniae-Infektion geprüft. Dabei gingen der C-terminale Bereich des P1-Adhäsins (RP14; AS 1287-1518) und das Protein P30 (RP30; AS 17-274) als hoch antigene Protein(regionen) hervor. Die Oberflächenexposition beider Proteinbereiche wurde experimentell bestätigt. Parallel dazu sollte der Einfluss der monospezifischen Seren gegen die rekombinanten Proteine auf die Adhärenz von M. pneumoniae an verschiedene Zelllinien bewertet werden. Nach Entwicklung eines quantitativen und schnell durchzuführenden in vitro Adhärenzhemmtests wurde gezeigt, dass Antikörper sowohl gegen RP14 als auch gegen RP30 die Adhärenz des Erregers an humane Zellen signifikant reduzieren. Im Hinblick auf die Beeinflussung von mehr als einer an der Adhärenz beteiligten Struktur wurden beide Adhäsinregionen in einem Hybridprotein vereinigt, wodurch die adhärenzhemmende Wirkung des entsprechenden Serums in vitro mehr als additiv verstärkt werden konnte und dem Effekt des polyspezifischen Serums gegen M. pneumoniae entspricht. In Immunisierungs- und Infektionsversuchen mit dem Hybridprotein konnte über eine neu etablierte sehr sensitive real-time PCR basierend auf einer Multicopy-Targetsequenz in M. pneumoniae jedoch nur in einem Teil der Versuchstiere eine signifikante Hemmung der Kolonisierung des Respirationstraktes mit dem Erreger nachgewiesen werden. Eine Steigerung der humoralen Immunantwort durch Zugabe des mukosalen Adjuvans MALP-2 konnte nicht ausreichend belegt werden. Dagegen wurde durch Immunisierung auf intranasalem Wege eine signifikante Erhöhung des sekretorischen IgA-Titers in der BAL auf das Vierfache erreicht. Um einen stabil hohen sekretorischen Antikörperspiegel im Tiermodell zu erreichen, sind weitere Optimierungen des Immunisierungsschemas notwendig. Der Einsatz des Hybridproteins HP14/30, bestehend aus mehreren immunogenen und funktionalen Adhäsinbereichen, hat sich als sehr vielsprechend zur Entwicklung einer effektiven Vakzinierung von Risikopopulationen zur Prophylaxe von Infektionen mit M. pneumoniae erwiesen.
17

Análisis de la reacción de la polimerasa en cadena para la detección de Mycoplasma pneumoniae en adultos mayores con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad

Pino Pino, Yenifer Elizabeth January 2004 (has links)
A Mycoplasma pneumoniae se le atribuye entre un 15 a 20% de las neumonías adquiridas en la comunidad en los adultos mayores. Este estudio, el primero realizado en Chile para adultos mayores, se hizo para conocer la frecuencia, mediante la técnica de Reacción de la Polimerasa en Cadena, de Mycoplasma pneumoniae en este grupo etario y para probar la sensibilidad y especificidad analítica de ésta usando los partidores para el gen de la adhesina P1 y el gen del rRNA de 16S en el diagnóstico de dicho microorganismo, datos que no han sido estandarizados, como sí lo son las pruebas diagnósticas de Serología. Sin embargo, las pruebas de Serología no cuentan con una sensibilidad lo suficientemente buena, por lo que es necesario aplicar técnicas más sensibles y rápidas para la detección de Mycoplasma pneumoniae como lo es la Reacción de la Polimerasa en Cadena. Para llevar a cabo el estudio se tomaron muestras de expectoración y de sangre a 84 adultos mayores con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, pertenecientes al Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, entre Agosto de 2002 a Septiembre de 2004, a los cuales se les realizó la técnica de Reacción de la Polimerasa en Cadena para ambos genes y la técnica de Serología Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta para IgM e IgG. A partir de los datos obtenidos se determinó que el porcentaje de Mycoplasma pneumoniae presente en los pacientes con neumonía fue de 8.3%, cifra inferior a la citada por la literatura y a la obtenida mediante la complementación de las técnicas de Reacción de la Polimerasa en Cadena y serología. Entre ambos partidores no existen diferencias significativas en cuanto a su sensibilidad y especificidad analítica. No obstante, se requiere de más estudios que verifiquen la calidad de estas técnicas para que lleguen a estandarizarse y constituir así técnicas de diagnóstico rápido de Mycoplasma pneumoniae, lo cual contribuiría importantemente a la clínica.
18

Molecular diagnosis of adenovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydiapneumoniae infection in hospitalized children

Pun, Chi-kit, Patrick., 潘志傑. January 2004 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences
19

Analysis of the novel surface protein P159 and the ribosomal protein L7/L12 of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Burnett, Tracey A. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Bibliography: leaf 141-157.
20

Molecular diagnosis of adenovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in hospitalized children

Pun, Chi-kit, Patrick. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (M.Med.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Also available in print.

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