Thesis (Ph. D.)--Vanderbilt University, 1936. / Bibliography: p. [53]-57; "Appendix: Supplementary bibliography of N.O. Losskys̓ works": p. [59]-68.

Universiẗat, Diss., 1996--Frankfurt (Main).

Modern art owes a debt to Constructivism. In particular, Minimal art owes a debt to Russian Constructivism. In something akin to the suspension of Lenin’s embalmed body, Constructivism has been suspended since its demise. In this thesis I propose that the short-lived phenomenon of Russian Constructivism was revisited and further explored with the Minimal art moment in the West. Minimal artists in the United States were influenced by the works of the Constructivists, but due to the cold war this influence was suppressed. Constructivism in its original form ceased before the ideas and ideological urges of the Russian Constructivists were fulfilled. This form of art, that had a strong connection with a utopian social ideal, by 1932 was replaced by the officially decreed art of the Stalin era; Socialist Realism. The Constructivist moment did not lead into an artistic cul-de-sac because of the death of Lenin in 1924. The Constructivists have had an influence far beyond the years in which they first flourished and I intend to show that Constructivism has been unfairly misrepresented. From my research there is no question that Minimal art in the United States used Constructivist ideas. But the correlation between Minimal art and Constructivism was obscured by cold war politics, by many of the texts which have discussed Constructivism since, as well as by unconvincing curatorial decisions. This situation has led to an unacceptable degree of misrepresentation of the influence that Constructivism has had on Minimal art. Russian and Soviet Constructivism, rather than being seen as a cultural dead-end, should be viewed as a means by which the freedom to follow a non-representational path for abstract art was secured. Constructivism’s influence on Minimal art has been undervalued. This thesis aims to settle the debt.

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Les dérivés de pipéridines polyhydroxylés comme lesiminosucres (ou azasucres) et les dérivés d’acide pipécoliques ont fait l’objet d’intenses recherches ces dernières années, ils présentent de remarquables propriétés biologiques en tant qu’inhibiteurs de glycosidases, de glycosyltransférases, de glycogène phosphorylase ou de métalloprotéinases. De ce fait, ce sont des agents thérapeutiques potentiels de maladies diverses incluant le diabète, le cancer et les infections virales. Pour ce travail de thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à la synthèse de dérivés d’acide pipécoliques et notamment les dérivés pipécolamides. Nous avons réalisé la synthèse de pipécolamides polyhydroxylées à partir d’un sucre simple : la D-glucurone. Dans un premier temps, nous avons synthétisé des dérivés de pipécolamides via une réaction de N-hétérocyclisation en 6 étapes. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons fonctionnalisé l’azote endocyclique du cycle pipéridine par un motif sulfonamide en réduisant l’azido en amine en C-5 suivie par une fonctionnalisation par un chlorure de sulfonylalkyle pour conduire au dérivé pipécolamide à motif sulfonamide. De plus, nous avons réussi à introduire un groupe aminoalkyl en position C-3 de l’azidolactone qui pourrait permettre de modifier la conformation du cycle piperidine et d’introduire un caractère plus lipophile / The derivatives of polyhydroxyled piperidines such as iminosugars (or azasucres) and the pipecolic acid derivatives were the subject of intense research in the recent years; they have remarkable biological properties as inhibitors of glycosidases, glycosyltransferases, of glycogen phosphorylase or of metalloproteinases. Furthermore, they are potential therapeutic agents for various diseases including diabetes, cancer and viral infections. In this thesis, we were interested in the synthesis of pipecolic acid derivatives especially the pipecolamid derivatives. We realized the synthesis of polyhydroxylated pipecolamids from a simple sugar: Dglucurone. Initially, we synthesized pipecolamids derivatives via the Nheterocyclisation reaction in 6 steps. Then, we functionalized the endocyclic nitrogen atom of the piperidine ring by a sulfonamide pattern with reducing the azide groupe to amine at C-5 followed by functionalization of amine with an alkylsulphonyl chloride to give the sulfonamide pipecolamid derivative. Also, we managed to introduce aminoalkyl group at position C-3 of the azidolactone which could help alter the conformation of the piperidine cycle and introduce more lipophilic character

This study attempts to explore and elucidate the nature of the Diaghilev Ballets Russes' production of Le Pas d'Acier, (1927). Its focus is the contribution of the Russian artist and scenic designer, George Jakulov. The thesis is accompanied by a model through which the study has undertaken a practical exploration of Jakulov's designs for Le Pas d'Acier, and the problems and possibilities of their reconstruction. Focussing on Jakulov's set design, this study explores the problems involved in the historiography of Le Pas d'Acier, producing a `natural history' of the research process. The study considers Jakulov's designs, concept and approach through locating and analysing primary source material. Presenting some previously unpublished materials, it explores the chronology of the design process and the nature of Jakulov's designs and concept. It identifies two distinct phases in the ballet's development; the production of the first scenario in 1925, (produced by Jakulov and Serge Prokofiev along with the music and designs), and the ballet's realisation in 1927. By comparing source materials relating to these two phases, the study identifies and explores the production's adaptations to the 1925 concept and designs. It then seeks to draw conclusions as to the significance of developments and departures. Locating, analysing and then using a variety of source materials, including contextual study of Jakulov's oeuvre and review descriptions, the study explores theoretically, and practically via the model, problems and possibilities in reconstructing the set design.

The aim of the thesis was to prove the efficiency of aquatic plants in removing of water biogens, to produce a list of aquatic plants suitable for this purpose and laboratory verification of the selected plants which were monitored for pH, conductivity, total N, total P, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, plant growth capes and light intensity. Data obtained in experiments by laboratory measurements are processed into a graphic form and there are also available tables of measured values. Experiments were carried out in the classroom and anjanced laboratory building of the M Mendel University in the period from 17.6.2015 to 31.3. 2016. The selected plants for tests became duckweed (Lemna minor) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea). Tests were carried out in the length of 7 to 14 days for the duckweed and 7.5 months for the canary. Measured results confirmed the information obtained from other works and verified the results.

Os compostos de paládio vêm apresentado uma vasta linha de aplicação, tanto como catalisadores como precursores em reações de síntese orgânica. Dentre esses compostos, os ciclopaladatos, que são compostos cíclicos com uma ligação Pd-heteroátomo, permite a formação de novas estruturas cíclicas contendo algum heteroátomo, como nitrogênio, oxigênio ou enxofre. Neste trabalho foram sintetizadas aminas propargílicas capazes de se coordenar a sais de paládio, formando novos ciclopaladatos através da reação de cloropaladação. Esses compostos se encontram na forma de dímeros e podem apresentar-se como diferentes isômeros. Estudos espectroscópicos, tais como RMN de 1H, 13C e raios-X de monocristais foram realizados para a elucidação estrutural desses novos compostos. Além dos isômeros geométricos clássicos (cisóide e transóide) foram observados pela primeira vez a formação de atropoisômeros. Esses ciclopaladatos, contendo nitrogênio ligado ao paládio, foram testados frente a alenos diferentemente substituídos, mostrando que ocorre a inserção do aleno na ligação Pd-C e, seguido da depaladação, ocorre a formação de novos compostos heterocíclicos a seis membros. Alguns ciclopaladatos, quando em solução, podem apresentar certa instabilidade, ocorrendo a decomposição do ciclopaladato com a regeneração do alcino precursor do respectivo ciclopaladato. Assim, estudou-se a reação de decomposição de diferentes ciclopaladatos, chamada de retrocloropaladação, utilizando a técnica de RMN de 1H em diferentes intervalos de tempo. / Palladium compounds have application in different fields, such as catalysis or as precursors in organic synthesis reactions. Among these compounds, the palladacycles, which are cyclic compounds with a Pdheteroatom bond, allow the formation of new cyclic structures with at least one heteroatom such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. In this work, propargylic amines were synthesized, which are capable to coordinate with palladium salts, affording new palladacycles by chloropalladation reactions. These compounds are dimers and can be present as different isomers. Spectroscopic analyses, such as 1H, 13C NMR and X-Ray of monocrystals were performed in order to elucidate the structure of these new compounds. Besides the classic geometric isomers (cisoid and transoid) for the first time the formation of atropisomers was observed. This palladacycles, with nitrogen bonded to palladium, were tested with different substituted allenes and showed the insertion of allene into the Pd-C bond. Subsequent depalladation resulted in the formation of new six member heterocycles. Some palladacycles are not stable in solution and undergo decomposition reactions yielding the alkyne precursors of palladacycle. We have studied these decomposition reactions of different palladacycles, called retro-chloropalladation, using 1H NMR analysis at different time intervals.