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There are no doubts regarding the fact that the subject sustainability has gained a lot of attention and importance to the public over the past years. Everything from ecological products to electric cars and fair working environment shows us that everyone can gain something from working with sustainability, even the companies. The fact is that with all the coverage in media about how companies working with sustainability increase their profitability it has almost become public knowledge. Whether there are facts to back this claim is however not certain. The research that has been done shows not only a positive relationship between a company’s work with sustainability, also called CSR, and their profitability, but also a negative and a neutral relationship. This paper aimed to give some clarity in the issue; using theories for signaling, legitimacy, and stakeholders, three hypotheses were formed to answer the question of whether there is a relationship between CSR and firm profitability for companies in the EU-countries and how the increased demands for sustainability and sustainability reporting has affected that relationship over time. Through a longitudinal study using the tools correlation and t-test several results were received, these mainly highlights the fact that as the demands and regulations for sustainability has increased the companies’ performance regarding sustainability has increased at the same rate. The results also reveal a neutral relationship between CSR and firm profitability. Furthermore, the study indicates a change in the relationship over time; from slightly negative to slightly positive. This result however isn’t statistically significant and requires extended research.

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This bachelor thesis deals with the difference of perception of social entrepreneurship among business students.The concept of social entrepreneurship has gained an increasing importance in recent years. Nonetheless, a research gap towards the perception of social entrepreneurship among business school students was identified. The purpose of this research is to close the research gap and find out the difference in perception of social entrepreneurship among business school students from different countries. Therefore, two research questions were stated: “What is the difference in perception of social entrepreneurship between business school students from different European countries, more precisely in Lithuania, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine” and “To what degree do universities influence the perception of business school students about social entrepreneurship”.The previous research about entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship are analyzed and eight hypotheses are derived. The study is based on a quantitative research approach with standardized, mostly close-ended survey design, where data was collected through an online survey. The empirical data chapter includes the summary of collected data from 220 respondents, with 55 for each country. All the hypotheses are tested using SPSS program.The study shows that there is a difference in perception of SE among business students from Lithuania, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine. Moreover, none of the combination of countries showed similar results. However, Sweden outstands other countries with the greater perception of social entrepreneurship. It was also found out that the universities have a significant impact on perception level of social entrepreneurship. Therefore, the policy and societal implementations of this research give a place for further research.Because of the findings, the theory must be adjusted, as everyone has a different perception of social entrepreneurship, a uniform definition is not even possible. Companies should adapt their business environment to students, if they want to have a richer social environment.

The purpose of this paper is to understand how the belonging of young adults to different households may influence their job search. Youth unemployment has been consistently rising in South Korea due to the young people’s behaviour and decisions. The job search model was applied in this paper to look into the motivations and reasons of why job-seekers from high-income and low-income households accept job offers and why other prefer to delay their entry. The results showed that young adults from poor family backgrounds were more likely to be employed but with low wages. Young adults from affluent family backgrounds were more likely to stay out of the labour market due to parental financial support and prefer to wait longer until the right job comes along.

Background: The pulp and paper industry (PPI) and its products is one of Sweden's largest export goods, with newsprint as one of its major sources of income. The historically stable context had led to innovation inertia something that became clear when a sudden decrease for newsprint occurred. Hence, Stora Enso Hylte Mill, which is one of the largest producers of newsprint in Sweden realized that they needed to do something in order to secure their future. Therefore, the company started to investigate the possibility of moving into a new market, biocomposite. Problem discussion: Ambidexterity is a requirement for a firm to be successful over time (Birkinshaw & Gibson, 2004). In uncertain environments organizational ambidexterity appears to be positively linked to increased firm innovation, better financial performance, andhigher survival rates (O’Reilly & Tushman 2013). Hylte Mill has historically had a stablemarket, thus exploitive activities have been their main concern. As the conditions change, explorative activities are needed which creates uncertainty for the firm. How does a firm in a historically stable context that has worked with exploitation for many years organize for exploration? What changes needs to be done in the organization? Purpose: This master thesis will systematically go through and analyze how firms within previously stable market organize for ambidexterity and exploration. This is going to be done through three phases of an industrial transformation within the PPI. The purpose for this thesis is to increase the understanding of how organizations, operating in historically stable context, deals with radical innovation when the external environment demands it. Methodology: This study has been an inductive single case study. The data has been collected through five semi-structured interviews with key individuals from period of industrial turbulence. Findings: The barriers to innovation varies over time, when one barrier is solved another one occurs. By using ambidexterity, the firm can be better suited to handle these changes. The inertia in large established firms do not only depend on events occurring within the firm but can also be affected by external events. Conclusion: Ambidexterity has a positive impact on innovation in uncertain environments that creates a sense of urgency. By initially applying structural ambidexterity to provide slack, and later expand the desired culture by contextual ambidexterity, large established firms can overcome innovation inertia. Slack showed positive impact on radical innovation on both mill- level and group-level. Also, external help proved to be crucial for the radical innovation capability.

Dagens konsumentbeteende online skiljer sig åt från hur det såg ut för bara några år sedan, någotsom kan förklaras av att både e-handel och Internet ständigt utvecklas och vårt köpbeteende ochvåra preferenser tenderar att förändras över tid. Den tekniska utvecklingen gör attkonsumentbeteendet inom e-handel tenderar att växla snabbt vilket gör kontinuerlig analys avkonsumentbeteende till en nyckelfaktor för att lyckas inom e-handel.Studien syftar till att undersöka det något yngre kvinnliga segmentets, i åldern 25-34 år,konsumentbeteende inom e-handel idag. Flow är ett använt begrepp för analys avkonsumentbeteende och har visat sig påverka både attityder och avsikter avsevärt inom virtuellamiljöer som exempelvis e-handel. Flera definitioner på begreppet tyder på en viss komplexitetoch att tillståndet tenderar att förändras och växa i takt med utvecklingen. I studienkonceptualiseras flow i kategorierna koncentration, njutning och förvrängd tidsuppfattning, där viundersöker hur de påverkar webbsajters användarvänlighet och konsumentens upplevdabeteendekontroll, och vi fokuserar på konsumentbeteende online i form av impulsköp och avbrutna köp då vi önskar analysera om beteendena påverkas av ett flow-tillstånd Via en enkätundersökning med kvinnliga studenter från svenska universitet visar våra resultat attflow i form av njutning och förvrängd tidsuppfattning ökar impulsköp, medankoncentrationsnivån inte har någon påverkan på konsumentens impulsivitet. Våra analyser visarheller inget samband att upplevelsen av flow-tillståndet skulle leda till färre avbrutna köp. Vi kandra slutsatsen att flow-tillståndet varken påverkar om konsumenten upplever webbsajter somanvändarvänliga eller huruvida de upplever ökad beteendekontroll. Vi kan också konstatera attvarken upplevd användarvänlighet eller kontroll kan förklara orsaken till impulsköp och varför konsumenten tenderar att avbryta köp.En del av våra resultat strider mot tidigare forskning på området samtidigt som de bekräftar andratidigare forskningsresultat, vilket ytterligare förstärker ämnets komplexitet. Vi rekommenderarfortsatt forskning av främst koncentration och dess påverkan på konsumentbeteende. Mångakonsumenter tenderar enligt både vår undersökning och tidigare forskning att avbryta köp online,vilket inte är ett önskvärt beteende sett ur det säljande företagets perspektiv. Därför anser vi attvidare forskning gällande avbrutna köp vore intressant då vi tror att det kan hjälpa ehandelsföretagatt minska andelen av konsumenternas avbrutna köp. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

Program: Textilekonomutbildningen