Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2006-2007 / La gestion active des populations est souvent désirée et doit être réalisée de façon à minimiser les risques génétiques. Afin de déterminer la meilleure source de cisco de fumage (Coregonus hoyi) pour une réintroduction dans le lac Ontario, le polymorphisme de 10 locus microsatellites a été analysé pour des échantillons de C. hoyi des lacs Huron, Michigan, Supérieur et Nipigon ainsi que pour des échantillons de C. artedi et de ciscos des zones profondes du lac Ontario. Les populations de C. hoyi sont génétiquement diversifiées malgré des baisses d'abondance connues et sont différentiées entre les lacs. Aussi, nos résultats suggèrent que les individus du lac Ontario sont plus étroitement liés aux individus des lacs Huron et Michigan qu'à ceux des lacs Supérieur et Nipigon. Par la suite, des simulations montrent qu'un grand nombre de géniteurs, un rapport des sexes équilibré, une haute proportion de croisements efficaces, un pool de géniteurs diversifié ainsi qu'un grand nombre d'individus introduit minimiserait la consanguinité dans la nouvelle population. / Active population management is often desired and should be designed so as to minimize genetic risks. In order to determine the best source of bloater {Coregonus hoyi) for a reintroduction in Lake Ontario, we analyzed genetic polymorphism at 10 microsatellite loci in samples of C. hoyi from Lakes Huron, Michigan, Superior and Nipigon as well as samples of C. artedi and deepwater ciscoes from Lake Ontario. C. hoyi populations are genetically diversified despite known demographic declines and they are significantly differentiated among lakes. Also, our results suggest that Lake Ontario ciscoes are more closely related to ciscoes from Lake Huron and Michigan than to ciscoes from Lake Superior or Nipigon. Computer simulations demonstrate that a high number of breeders, a balanced sex ratio, a high proportion of effective crosses, a genetically diverse pool of breeders and a high number of individuals introduced each year would minimize inbreeding in the reintroduced population.

Gabriel Christie (1722-1799), a British military officer, acquired a vast estate in Quebec after the Seven Years war, including five timber-rich seigneuries in the Upper Richelieu Valley, our study area. These were inherited by two of his sons in succession: Napier Christie Burton (1758-1835) and William Plenderleath Christie (1780-1845). An examination of the available deeds of concession for our study area shows the legal framework of the tenure and the seigneurs' survey and land granting policies. Seigneurial rents increased between 1785 and 1820, but it was the accumulation of seigneurial arrears, followed by strict collection practices after 1835, which contributed most to social stratification and unrest. A seigneurial monopoly on mill construction and the use of water power was decentralized after 1815 so that manufactures were established by entrepreneurs with capital who acquired a share of the seigneur's rights through patronage. The seigneur's role in regional development--the rise of villages, settlement, and industrial growth--was significant particularly as a system of clientage which helped shape the social structure.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University. / Typescript. Sponsor: Karl W. Bigelow. Dissertation Committee: R. Freeman Butts, Ralph R. Field, . Type C project. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 419-437).

No description available.

The pattern of American institution building through private funding began in metropolises of all sizes soon after the nation's founding. But by 1840, Manhattan's geographical location and great natural harbor had made it America's preeminent commercial and communications center and the undisputed capital of finance. Thus, as the largest and richest city in the United States, unsurprisingly, some of the most ambitious cultural institutions would rise there, and would lead the way in the creation of a distinctly American model of high culture. This dissertation describes New York City's cultural transformation between 1840 and 1940, and focuses on three of its enduring monuments, the New York Public Library, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Metropolitan Opera. It seeks to demonstrate how trustees and financial supporters drove the foundational ideas, day-to-day operations, and self-conceptions of the organizations, even as their institutional agendas enhanced and galvanized the inherently boosterish spirit of the Empire City. Many board members were animated by the dual impulses of charity and obligation, and by their own lofty edifying ambitions for their philanthropies, their metropolis, and their country. Others also combined their cultural interests with more vain desires for social status. Although cohesive, often overlapping social groups founded and led most elite institutions, important moments of change in leadership in the twentieth century often were precipitated by the breakdown of a social order once restricted to Protestant white males. By the 1920s and 1930s, the old culture of exclusion--of Jews, of women, of ethnic minorities in general--was no longer an accepted assumption, nor was it necessarily good business. In general, institutions that embraced the notion of diversity and adapted to forces of historical change tended to thrive. Those that held fast to the paradigms of the past did not. Typically, when we consider the history and development of such major institutions, the focus often has been on the personalities and plans of the paid directors and curatorial programs. This study, however, redirects some of the attention towards those who created the institutions and hired and fired the leaders. While a common view is that membership on a board was coveted for social status, many persons who led these efforts had little abiding interest in Manhattan's social scene. Rather, they demanded more of their boards and expected their fellow-trustees to participate in more ways than financially. As the twentieth century beckoned, rising diversity in the population mirrored the emerging multiplicity in thought and culture; boards of trustees were hardly exempt from this progression. This dissertation also examines the subtle interplay of the multi-valenced definition of "public" along with the contrasting notion of "private." In the early 1800s, a public institution was not typically government funded, and more often functioned independent of the state, supported by private individuals. "Public," instead, meant for the people. Long before the income tax and charitable deductions for donations, there was a full range of voluntary organizations supported by private contributions in the United States. This dissertation argues that in a privatist spirit, New York elites seized a leadership role, both individually and collectively, to become cultural arbiters for the city and the nation.

Serving as an unfortunate benchmark for the twenty-first century, 9/11 has completely altered society’s perceptions of personal safety, security and social identity, along with provoking intense emotional reactions. One outlet for these resulting emotions has been through art and literature. Five years have since passed and contemporary authors are still struggling to accurately represent that tragic day and its consequent impression. This paper provides an analysis of how the events of 9/11 have been incorporated into adult fiction. Variations of themes related to psychology, interpersonal relationships, political and social perspectives, and heroism were found to be used most frequently among authors.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-279). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-279). Also available on the Internet.

Biological invasions are among the leading causes of species diversity loss; however, the impacts of invasion are context-dependent and can vary with the local environment. The mechanisms governing variation in impact and their relationship to specific abiotic and biotic factors remain largely unexplored. Recent local declines in native unionid mussels have been attributed to the invasion of North American lakes and rivers by the Eurasian zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha), as a result of intense fouling of unionid shells by zebra mussels. My research investigated the role of abiotic and biotic factors in mediating the impact of zebra mussels on native mussels. I examined the impact of zebra mussels on unionids in a habitat thought to be suboptimal for zebra mussels and compared this to the impact observed in other invaded habitats. A predictive model relating fouling intensity to local environmental variables (calcium concentration, sediment particle size) was developed, and a predator-exclusion experiment was conducted to investigate the role of predation in mediating fouling intensity. Overall, I found that two abiotic factors of the local environment were significant predictors of fouling intensity and that relationships used to predict the impact of zebra mussels could be extended to a broader range of habitats.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Anthropology Department, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.