Пластиковые отходы занимают первое место по стоимости и скорости накопления среди твердых коммунальных отходов. Вторичное использование отходов пластика способствует существенному сокращению использования первичных ресурсов, снижению вредного воздействия на окружающую среду. Цель исследования заключается в разработке практических рекомендаций по оптимизации схем переработки бытовых пластиковых отходов на основе оценки их эколого-экономической эффективности исходя из анализа существующей ситуации в системе обращения с отходами в Свердловской области. В работе проведен анализ региональной политики по обращению с отходами и опыта переработки твердых коммунальных отходов. Предложен проект по созданию производства по переработке ПЭТ-пластика с оценкой его эколого-экономической эффективности. Впервые количественно оценен дополнительный экологический эффект от замены первичного сырья на вторичное при реализации проекта. / Plastic waste takes first place in terms of cost and rate of accumulation among municipal solid waste. Recycling of plastic waste contributes to a significant reduction in the use of primary resources, reducing the harmful effects on the environment. The purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations for optimizing recycling schemes for household plastic waste based on an assessment of their environmental and economic efficiency based on an analysis of the current situation in the waste management system in the Sverdlovsk region. The work analyzes the regional policy on waste management and the experience of processing municipal solid waste. A project is proposed to create a production for processing PET plastic with an assessment of its environmental and economic efficiency. For the first time, the additional environmental effect of replacing primary raw materials with secondary ones during project implementation was presented.

This research seeks to address the gap in the literature on women, health, and environments by exploring the factors that motivate Jamaican women farmers to practice organic agriculture and how these might relate to their understandings of environment and health. The experiences and decisions of women farmers are also positioned within wider historical contexts of colonialism and agricultural change. Integrating a variety of theoretical frameworks, including public issues anthropology, ethnoecology, rural sociology, and feminist political ecology, my own scholarly analysis is merged with the perspectives of the women farmers interviewed in this qualitative study. This research found that women organic farmers in Jamaica were motivated by various factors related to environment and health and impacted by the island’s legacy of slavery and industrialization. The findings of this thesis can be used to encourage the practice of organic agriculture and to improve human health and environmental wellbeing in Jamaica and beyond. / Richard and Sophia Hungerford Travel Scholarship, Yeandle Family Graduate Scholarship, Richard and Sophia Hungerford Graduate Scholarship, Registrar’s Research Grant for Graduate Students, Registrar’s Research Travel Grant