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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Stanovení protaminů kapilární zónovou elektroforézou / Capillary zone electrophoresis determination of protamines

Malý, Michal January 2015 (has links)
This work deals with development and optimization of a method for separation and detection of pro- tamines using capillary zone electrophoresis. The developed method uses a fused silica capillary with inner diameter of 50 µm and effective length of 41,5 cm. Driving voltage is 30 kV. Background electrolyte is aque- ous solution of 45 mmol dm−3 phosphoric acid. Analyte is detected spectrophotometrically at wavelength of 200 nm. Sample is injected hydrodynamically. The method allows for determination of protamines in the concentration range between 11 µg ml−1 to 1000 µg ml−1 , limit of detection is 4 µg ml−1 . Viablity of the method has been verified with a real sample of NPH insulin injection. For sufficiently sensitive detection of protamines in NPH insuline it is necessary to prepare the sample in acidic environment. For the pur- poses of this work the sample was acidified by addition of background electrolyte into the sample so that the background electrolyte concentration in the resulting solution of the sample was 18 mmol dm−3 . The main advantage of the method is the rapid analysis, migration time of the analyte is about 2 min. Disadvantage of the method in comparison to alternate methods using CZE or RP-HPLC is the inability to separate individ- ual protamine peptides. This disadvantage...
2

Custo-utilidade da insulina glargina e insulina isófana (NPH) para o tratamento de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde do Município de Recife

CARVALHO, Dayse Cabral de 31 October 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-17T15:08:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) CUSTO UTILIDADE DA INSULINA GLARGINA E NPH REV 4.pdf: 871032 bytes, checksum: 61243dd09cce2d9260cb9239a873d2ca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-17T15:08:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) CUSTO UTILIDADE DA INSULINA GLARGINA E NPH REV 4.pdf: 871032 bytes, checksum: 61243dd09cce2d9260cb9239a873d2ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-31 / INTRODUÇÃO: O Diabetes Mellitus é um transtorno metabólico, caracterizado por hiperglicemia. É considerada condição sensível à Atenção Primária, tendo impacto por reduzir ou retardar as complicações da doença. A reposição de insulina para o diabete mellitus tipo 2 é indicada quando somente mudanças no estilo de vida associados a hipoglicemiante oral forem insuficientes para obter controle glicêmico. OBJETIVOS: Determinar o custo-utilidade da insulina glargina e insulina NPH para o tratamento de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde do Município de Recife – PE. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada comparação da categoria custos médicos diretos de duas intervenções terapêuticas indicadas para o tratamento do diabete mellitus tipo 2. A avaliação de custo-utilidade foi realizada a partir da perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foi considerado um horizonte analítico de 10 anos. Os dados coletados foram de fontes secundárias, de sistema de informação em saúde, dados dos relatórios emitidos nos sistemas de informatização das Farmácias do Recife e da Farmácia do Estado de Pernambuco e fontes da literatura. Para a análise de decisão, foram consideradas as hipoglicemias noturnas e não noturnas graves e não graves. RESULTADOS: O indivíduo médio, representante de Pernambuco, apresenta 8,7 anos de diagnóstico do DM2, recebem aproximadamente 14,4 frascos de insulina NPH ou Glargina ao ano, dados estes, utilizados na probabilidade de transição. Para o cenário das complicações agudas, o custo do usuário foi calculado para 2013: sem complicação em uso da insulina NPH foi de R$ 1.237,95 e para insulina Glargina R$ 4.935,42. Foi considerado 12 episódios de hipoglicemia noturna grave ao ano. A redução de risco de hipoglicemia para pacientes em uso da insulina Glargina é de 50,9% apresentando cinco episódios ao ano. A razão de custo incremental (RCEI) do presente estudo, indica um valor agregado adicionado de R$ 12.987,4892 por AVAQ ganho a cada ano de tratamento com a insulina glargina em relação a NPH. CONCLUSÕES: Houve redução de episódio de hipoglicemia noturna grave da insulina glargina comparado com a insulina NPH. Os dados apresentados não permite afirmar qual da intervenção é mais efetiva, apenas mostra que a insulina glargina tem um maior custo-utilidade e um custo médico direto maior. Os custos incrementais e os benefícios alcançados em anos de vidas ganhos produziu uma Razão de R$ 12.987,4892 ao ano para a insulina glargina. Diante das incertezas acerca da efetividade das insulinas analisadas, faz-se necessário a realização de estudos aprofundados entre estas intervenções terapêuticas. / INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. It is considered sensitive to Primary Health Care, considering its impacting to reduce or delay complications of the disease. Replacement of insulin for diabetes mellitus type 2 is indicated only when changes in lifestyle associated with oral hypoglycemic agents are insufficient to obtain glycemic control. OBJECTIVES: To determine the cost-utility of insulin glargine and NPH insulin for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at the Unified Health System of the Municipality of Recife - Pernambuco. METHODS: We compared the direct medical costs of category two therapeutic interventions indicated for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 was performed Assessment of cost-utility analysis was performed from the perspective of the Health System was considered an analytic horizon of 10 years.. The data were collected from secondary sources of health information system data reports issued in the computerization of Pharmacies and Pharmacy Recife Pernambuco State and literature sources systems. For decision analysis, were considered nocturnal hypoglycemia and nocturnal not serious and not serious. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The average individual, representative of Pernambuco, has 8.7 years of diagnosis of T2DM, receive approximately 14.4 vials of NPH or glargine per year, these data are used in the transition probability. For the setting of acute complications, the user cost was calculated for 2013: Uncomplicated in use NPH insulin was R$ 1,237.95 and R$ 4,935.42 insulin glargine. Was considered 12 episodes of severe nocturnal hypoglycemia per year. The reduced risk of hypoglycemia for patients on insulin glargine is 50.9% with five episodes per year. The ratio of incremental cost (ICER) of this study, indicates a value added of R$ 12,987.4892 per QALY gained every year of treatment with insulin glargine compared to NPH. CONCLUSION: There was a reduction of severe nocturnal hypoglycemia episode of insulin glargine compared with NPH insulin. The data presented allows not say which intervention is most effective, just shows that insulin glargine has a higher utility cost and a direct medical cost higher. Incremental costs and benefits achieved gains in years of life produced a ratio of R$ 12.987,4892 year to insulin glargine. Given the uncertainties about the effectiveness of insulin analyzed, it is necessary to conduct in-depth studies of these therapeutic interventions.
3

Estudo comparativo entre duas insulinas humanas recombinantes NPH no tratamento do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Comparative study between two recombinant human insulins NPH in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Rassi, Nelson 13 September 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2015-10-15T19:58:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - NELSON RASSI - 2014.pdf: 2531801 bytes, checksum: 4a281a91c2ca563e8fead55207f00d61 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2015-10-15T20:31:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - NELSON RASSI - 2014.pdf: 2531801 bytes, checksum: 4a281a91c2ca563e8fead55207f00d61 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-15T20:31:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - NELSON RASSI - 2014.pdf: 2531801 bytes, checksum: 4a281a91c2ca563e8fead55207f00d61 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-13 / Background: The number of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Brazil has, in recent decades, increased substantially and insulin therapy is often necessary in a large portion of this population in order to achieve appropriate glycemic control. Objective: To evaluate glycemic control achieved with recombinant human insulin NPH - Gansulin and compares it with human NPH insulin - Humulin N® in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Subjects and methods: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, parallel, single center with 37 individuals with type 2 diabetes using insulin NPH insulin. For statistical analyzes were used: the multiple comparison test of Tukey-Kramer test, Wilcoxon paired comparison test and Chi- Square. It was regarded level of significance value lower than 5% (p<0.05). Results: Insulins NPH and Humulin Gansulin showed similar reductions in HbA1c at the end of the study compared to baseline. Initial HbA1c 7.91% in the Humulin group was reduced to 6.56% (p<0.001) at the end of the study whereas in the Gansulin the glycated hemoglobin was reduced from 8.18% to 6.65% (p<0.001). At the end of the study there was no significant difference between the glycated hemoglobin levels (p=0.2410), fasting blood glucose (p=0.9257) and glucose at bedtime (p=0.3906) between the two types of insulin. Regarding the number of hypoglycemic events, there was no significant difference between the two insulins and no severe hypoglycemic episodes were recorded. Conclusion: The NPH Gansulin (Insuneo N®) presented glycemic control similar to that presented by human insulin Humulin N® in patients with DM2. It was considered level of significance value less than 5%. / Fundamento: O número de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) no Brasil tem, nas últimas décadas, aumentado substancialmente e a terapia insulínica é necessária em uma grande parcela desta população com a finalidade de adquirir controle glicêmico adequado. Objetivo: Avaliar o controle glicêmico obtido com a insulina humana recombinante NPH – Gansulin e compará-la com o da insulina humana NPH – Humulin N® em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2). Sujeitos e métodos: Estudo prospectivo, duplo cego, randomizado, paralelo e monocêntrico com 37 indivíduos portadores de diabetes tipo 2, em uso de insulina NPH. Para as análises estatísticas foram utilizados: o teste de comparações múltiplas de Tukey-Kramer, o teste de comparação pareada de Wilcoxon e o teste Chi-Square. Foi considerado como nível de significância o valor inferior a 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: As insulinas NPH Humulin e Gansulin apresentaram reduções semelhantes da HbA1c ao final do estudo, quando comparadas aos valores iniciais. A HbA1c inicial de 7,91% do grupo Humulin foi reduzida para 6,56% (p<0,001), enquanto que na do Gansulin, a redução foi de 8,18% para 6,65% (p<0,001). Ao final do estudo não houve diferença significativa entre os valores de hemoglobina glicada (p=0,2410), glicemia jejum (p=0,9257) e glicemia ao deitar (p=0,3906) entre os dois tipos de insulina. Em relação ao número de eventos hipoglicêmicos, não se observou diferença significativa entre as duas insulinas e não foram registrados episódios hipoglicêmicos graves. Conclusão: A insulina NPH Gansulin apresentou controle glicêmico semelhante ao apresentado pela insulina humana Humulin N® em pacientes com DM2.

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