Darbe buvo tiriama lignino atliekų sorbcinė galia naftos produktams, jų pritaikymo biologiniam aplinkos valymui nuo naftos teršalų galimybė. Nustatyta, kad hidrolizuotas ligninas sorbuoja įvairius naftos produktus, yra netoksiškas angliavandenilius skaidančiam Arthrobacter sp. N3 štamui ir padidina dyzelino biologinio skaidymo grunte efektyvumą. Taip pat pastebėta, kad baltieji dobilai (Trifolium repens L.) gali augti net 2,0 % dyzelino užterštame grunte ir pagreitinti biologinį grunto išvalymą nuo naftos teršalų. Laboratorinėmis sąlygomis, naudojant hidrolizuotą ligniną, naftą skaidančius mikroorganizmus Arthrobacter sp. N3 ir baltuosius dobilus buvo sukurta kompleksinė užteršto naftos produktais grunto valymo technologija. Pirmame etape, taikant biodegradaciją naftą skaidančiais mikroorganizmais ir naudojant hidrolizuotą ligniną, po 9 savaičių, esant dyzelino koncentracijai 2,3 % smėlyje bei 2,3 ir 4,5 % molžemyje, buvo pasiektas 80,3 – 59,6 % grunto išvalymas. Antrame etape, papildomai užsėjus baltuosius dobilus, po 13 savaičių dyzelino koncentracija apvalytame grunte neviršijo leidžiamų grunto užterštumo naftos produktais normų. Ši kompleksinė grunto valymo technologija galėtų būti sėkmingai pritaikoma aplinkosaugoje valyti gruntą nuo naftos teršalų. / This study investigates the sorption capacity of lignin waste for oil products and the possibility of their application for biological cleaning the environment from oil pollutants. We determined that hydrolyzed lignin showed sorption capacity for various oil products, and there was no toxic effect on oil – degrading Arthrobacter sp. N3 strain. The results indicated that hydrolyzed lignin enhanced the biodegradation of diesel oil in clay and sand. Either the observes demonstrated that white clovers (Trifolium repens L.) was able to grew in soil polluted with diesel oil at concentration of 2 % and increased the level of biological clean up from oil pollutants. The complex technology of soil cleaning by using of hydrolyzed lignin, oil – degrading Arthrobacter sp. N3 strain and white clovers (Trifolium repens L.) was created at laboratory conditions. At the first stage, biodegradation of diesel oil was applied using Arthrobacter sp. N3 strain and hydrolyzed lignin, soil clean up level was 80,3 – 59,6 % after 9 weeks. At the second stage, white clovers (Trifolium repens L.) was used additional, the concentration of diesel oil decreased to the permitted level after 13 weeks. This technology of soil cleaning may be successful use for treatment of soil polluted by oil contaminants.

The goal of the dissertation is to carry out complex tests of biosorbents that absorb oil products and to analyse the sorbtion process using local raw materials for the elimination of the spilled oil products. Objectives of the paper: • to assess the sorption properties of materials used for the elimination of oil products; • to identify the optimal material for the production of a sorbent of local raw materials; • to carry out complex experimental tests of a sorption process; • to find out the physical parameters of sorbents of oil products; • to carry out experimental tests of water absorption; • to carry out tests of the efficiency of sorption off the water surface; • to find out the residual part of the material being sorbed; • to carry out experimental tests of the full capacity of sorption; • to carry out tests of thermal modification of biosorbents; • to find out the impact of sorbent fraction on the sorption properties; • to carry out experimental tests of cleaning of the polluted water with the help of biosorbents; • to perform a mathematical modelling of the sorption process.

The goal of the dissertation is to carry out complex tests of biosorbents that absorb oil products and to analyse the sorbtion process using local raw materials for the elimination of the spilled oil products. Objectives of the work: · to assess the sorption properties of materials used for the elimination of oil products; · to identify the optimal material for the production of a sorbent of local raw materials; · to carry out complex experimental tests of a sorption process; · to find out the physical parameters of sorbents of oil products; · to carry out experimental tests of water absorption; · to carry out tests of the efficiency of sorption from the water surface; · to find out the residual part of the material being sorbed; · to carry out experimental tests of the full capacity of sorption; · to carry out tests of thermal modification of biosorbents; · to find out the impact of sorbent fraction on the sorption properties; · to carry out experimental tests of cleaning of the polluted water with the help of biosorbents; · to perform a mathematical modelling of the sorption process.

Didžiausiais paviršinių nuotekų teršalais laikomi naftos produktai ir skendinčiosios medžiagos. Pastarąsias galima nesunkiai pašalinti taikant tradicinius paviršinių nuotekų valymo metodus, tokius kaip nusodinimas, o naftos produktų šalinimui reikalingas antrinis nuotekų valymas. Vienas efektyviausių NP šalinimo iš nuotekų būdas yra filtravimas pro sorbuojančiosios medžiagos filtrą. Nors šiuo būdu valant nuotekas galima pasiekti didelio teršalų šalinimo efektyvumo, praktiškai dažnai susiduriama su problema, kai į eksploatuojamuosius valymo įrenginius nuotekos atiteka dideliais greičiais ir teršalai nėra iki galo pašalinami. Todėl šiame darbe buvo atliktas trijų skirtingų sintetinių sorbentų („Fibroil, „Duck“, „Reo-dry“) efektyvumo šalinti iš paviršinių nuotekų naftos produktus ekstremaliomis sąlygomis (esant dideliems greičiams) eksperimentinis tyrimas. Atlikus bandymus su dirbtinėmis ir realiomis paviršinėmis nuotekomis laboratoriniame stende, nustatyta, kad visų trijų sorbentų efektyvumas šalinti NP yra panašus ir skendinčiosios medžiagos bei nuotekų drumstumas neturi įtakos NP šalinimo efektyvumui. Tačiau „Fibroil“ sorbentą naudojant kaip filtro užpildą, 30 m/h greitį galima išlaikyti gerokai ilgiau nei su sorbentais „Duck“ ir „Reo-dry“ ir šį sorbentą naudoti ekonomiškiausia. Darbą sudaro 8 dalys: įvadas, darbo aktualumo aprašymas, literatūros apžvalga, tiriamojo darbo metodikos aprašymas, eksperimeto rezultatai, rekomendacijos ir išvados bei literatūros sąrašas. Darbo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Suspended solids and oil products are considered as the most important pollutants in the storm water. As suspended solids can be easily retained from storm water by simple sedimentation, for oil products it is usually needed to have a secondary treatment: filtration through sorbents media. Although storm water filtration through a sorbent filter gives high treatment efficiency, it is usually impossible to ensure the right speed of storm water coming to the treatment facilities (it is usually too high to ensure an efficient sorption). For this reason the research and analysis of three different synthetic sorbents („Fibroil“, „Duck“, „Reo-dry“) were performed with artificial and real storm water in the laboratory under extreme conditions (filtration speed 30 m/h). According to the results of the experiment, all three sorbents have similar treatment efficiency and suspended solids and turbidity has no impact on oil products removal efficiency. But it is more efficient to use “Fibroil” and it is suitable for filtration under 30 m/h speed much longer than sorbents “Duck” and “Reo-dry”. Structure: introduction, relevance, methodology, results of the experiment, recomedations conclusions and references. Thesis consist of: 55 p. text without appendixes, 21 pictures, 8 tables, 39 bibliographical entries.