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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Video Processing for Nail-fold Capillary Blood Velocity Detection

Wang, Chen January 2015 (has links)
Microcirculation plays an essential and functional role in the human body and reflects people’s physical status with microscopic detail. For peripheral microcirculation, nail-fold microscopy is a convenient and non-invasive tool since the capillaries in the nail-fold are well arranged and parallel to the skin, which is advantageous for microscopic visualization. Further, nail-fold capillaroscopy information is widely useful. In diagnosis, various diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiac diseases can be detected and predicted at an early stage with capillaroscopic patterns and capillary blood velocity. For medical experiments, capillaroscopic information can be used to monitor drug effects and other medical treatments. Though nail-fold capillaroscopy is of significant convenience, it is not widely used. Currently, there is no commercial product with those functions due to the limitations of the equipment, such as microscope resolution and lens magnification. Besides, there is no concrete standard for measurement procedures or objective rules for quantitive data analysis. This thesis proposes a reliable system estimating nail-fold capillary blood flow velocity. It is tested and applied to the microscope from Optilia. In this work, various image and video processing methods are discussed in detail and tested in practice. Taking computational load and equipment limitations into consideration, the system applies frame enhancement and video stabilization. It uses dual-window and correlation methods to estimate the velocity of red blood cells in nail-fold capillaries. In order to test the reliability of the system, the obtained results are compared with the outcome of direct observation. It turns out that the chosen methods employed in the system provide rational results within 5 pixel bias.
2

Capillary Blood Flow Measurement based on Nail-fold Microscopic Images using Feature Based Velocity Estimation

Wang, Yue January 2019 (has links)
Microscopic video images of microcirculation have been used in clinical diagnosis for years, and theparameters obtained from images reveal most physiological activities and body organizations.Particularly, the blood flow speed is one of important indexes, which reflects the state ofmicrocirculation and make significant marks in diagnosis.In order to measure capillary blood velocity, a quantity of methods and instruments have beenstudied and developed. Based on the format of measurement, microscopy approaches used widely,can be grouped into two categories. One direct way applies microscopic-imaging technology forvisualization. The other way uses assistant methods such as laser-illumination [1] or labeling RBCswith fluorescein isothiocyanate [2]. In previous study, four methods (Direct Observation Method,Dual-windows Method, Single-window Method, Optical Flow Method) have been studied andanalysed in order to achieve better performance. But still there is a non-negligible deviation inmeasurement within different tries and compared to the data we retrieve from hospital.This study, inspired by previous work, aims to further investigate efficient and reliable algorithms forextracting capillary blood velocity. One possible solution is to implement feature based estimation tocalculate the blood flow speed distribution automatically, point by point along the middle line oftargeting blood vessel. We inherit the idea of generating motion vectors from Optic Flow algorithmwhich has the best accuracy performance in vehicle identification domain. But original optic flowalgorithm makes the system too sophisticated and time consuming. Moreover, its two required basicrules may not stand during the blood flow velocity detection. So a customized feature basedestimation is brought up here and supposed to be a practicable method for analysis not only inaccuracy but also in efficiency. Moreover, this report also introduces picture shifting, red blood cellmotion, and double windows marking to compare and to confirm the results. Previous work will beused as a reference for the assessment of new algorithms. / Mikroskopiska videobilder av mikrosirkulation har använts vid klinisk diagnos i flera år, och parametrarna erhållna från bilder avslöjar de flesta fysiologiska aktiviteter och kroppsorganisationer. Särskilt är blodflödeshastigheten ett av viktiga index, som återspeglar tillståndet för mikrosirkulation och gör betydande märken vid diagnosen.För att mäta kapillärblodshastighet har en mängd metoder och instrument studerats och utvecklats. Baserat på mätformatet kan mikroskopimetoder som används allmänt grupperas i två kategorier. Ett direkt sätt använder mikroskopisk bildteknologi för visualisering. Det andra sättet använder assistentmetoder som laserbelysning [1] eller märkning av RBC med fluoresceinisotiocyanat [2]. I tidigare studier har fyra metoder (Direct Observation Method, Dual-windows Method, Single-Window Method, Optical Flow Method) studerats och analyserats för att uppnå bättre prestanda. Men det finns fortfarande en icke försumbar avvikelse i mätningen inom olika försök och jämfört med de data vi hämtar från sjukhuset.Denna studie, inspirerad av tidigare arbete, syftar till att ytterligare undersöka effektiva och tillförlitliga algoritmer för att extrahera kapillärblodhastighet. En möjlig lösning är att implementera funktionsbaserad uppskattning för att beräkna blodflödeshastighetsfördelningen automatiskt, punkt för punkt längs mittlinjen för riktad blodkärl. Vi ärver idén att generera rörelsesvektorer från Optic Flow-algoritmen som har den bästa noggrannhetsprestanda inom fordonsidentifieringsdomän. Men den ursprungliga optiska flödesalgoritmen gör systemet för sofistikerat och tidskrävande. Dessutom kanske dess två nödvändiga grundregler inte gäller under detektionen av blodflödeshastighet. Så en anpassad funktionsbaserad uppskattning tas upp här och antas vara en genomförbar metod för analys inte bara i noggrannhet utan också i effektivitet. Dessutom introducerar detta papper också bildförskjutning, rörelse av röda blodkroppar och dubbla fönstermarkeringar för att jämföra och bekräfta resultaten. Tidigare arbete kommer att användas som referens förbedömning av nya algoritmer.

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