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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Caracterização física e química de frutos de barueiros (Dipteryx alata VOG.) de ocorrência natural no cerrado do Estado de Goiás, Brasil / Some physical and chemical characteristics of barueiro fruits (Dipteryx alata Vog.) – a species native to the Brazilian cerrado

Vera, Rosângela 30 November 2007 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-06-13T13:45:37Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rosângela Vera - 2007.pdf: 7118590 bytes, checksum: a902a84acfa05cd63edfccc2d52de448 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-06-13T13:47:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rosângela Vera - 2007.pdf: 7118590 bytes, checksum: a902a84acfa05cd63edfccc2d52de448 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-13T13:47:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rosângela Vera - 2007.pdf: 7118590 bytes, checksum: a902a84acfa05cd63edfccc2d52de448 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-30 / Barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a species native to the Brazilian Cerrado with high fruit yield and high nutritional value. The objective of this work was to study the physical and chemical characteristics of barueiro fruits (baru) harvested from plants in eleven locations in the state of Goiás, in the Cerrado biome. In each location twelve trees in full production were randomly selected. Approximately sixty fruits were collected from each tree, and from those fruits a sample of ten fruits was taken to study some physical characteristics. Another sample of twenty fruits was taken for chemical analyses. For the physical characterization, the following variables were evaluated: mass, length, width and thickness of the whole fruit; epicarp+mesocarp mass (pulp); almond and endocarp mass, and almond length, width and thickness. For the chemical determinations a composite sample was obtained from ground almonds extracted from the endocarp. Moisture content, whole protein, ethereal extract, phosphorus, potash, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, copper, iron, manganese and zinc were determined in three replicates as well as the fatty acid composition. The data obtained was submitted to the analysis of variance and means comparison by Tukey test at 5% level of probability. The descriptive statistical analysis was applied to data obtained from the physical analyses of the mass of the fruits and almonds. The average fruit mass varied from 26.08 to 37.20 g, and the average almonds mass varied from 1.11 to 1.48 g. The fruits had a 51.15% average of pulp, 44.69% of endocarp, and the almonds had 4.16%. The mass of the almond was positively correlated to fruit mass, fruit length, fruit width and fruit thickness. The average moisture content of the almond varied from 2.93 to 5.07g (100 g)-1. The protein content varied from 25.16 to 27.69 g (100)-1 and the ethereal extract from 32.42 to 37.36 g (100)-1. The average content of saturated fatty acids varied from 19.930 to 25.74%, and the unsaturated fatty acids varied from 73.47 to 79.19%. The most common fatty acids were oleic, whose average content varied from 45.58 to 48.98g (100 g)-1 and linoleic, whose average content varied from 22.83 to 29.71 g (100 g)-1. The mineral macronutrients that showed the highest concentrations were potash, phosphorus and sulfur. Calcium and magnesium were present in the lowest concentrations. The mineral micronutrients that showed the lowest concentrations were copper, manganese and zinc. Iron was present in the highest concentration / O barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) é uma espécie vegetal que ocorre naturalmente no Cerrado, apresenta alta produtividade e frutos de elevado valor nutricional. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi caracterizar física e quimicamente frutos de barueiros de diferentes plantas e regiões do Cerrado do Estado de Goiás. Foram selecionadas onze regiões do Estado de Goiás e em cada uma, foram escolhidas aleatoriamente doze árvores em plena produção. Coletaram-se aproximadamente sessenta frutos por árvore e utilizando-se, após seleção, dez frutos por árvore para as caracterizações físicas e vinte frutos por árvore para as determinações químicas. Para as características físicas avaliou-se as seguintes variáveis: massa, comprimento, largura e espessura dos frutos inteiros, massas do epicarpo mais mesocarpo (polpa), do endocarpo e da amêndoa e comprimento, largura e espessura das amêndoas. Para as determinações químicas as amêndoas foram extraídas do endocarpo e trituradas, constituindo uma amostra composta. Determinou-se, em triplicata os teores de umidade, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, enxofre, cobre, ferro, manganês e zinco e a composição em ácidos graxos do óleo das amêndoas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A análise estatística descritiva foi aplicada aos dados físicos de massa de fruto e de amêndoa. As médias das massas dos frutos de barueiro nas diferentes regiões variaram entre 26,08-37,20 g e as médias das massas da amêndoa entre 1,11-1,48 g. Os frutos apresentaram em média 51,15% de polpa, 44,69% de endocarpo e 4,16% de amêndoa. A massa da amêndoa foi correlacionada positivamente com a massa de fruto, com o comprimento, largura e espessura. Os teores médios de umidade das amêndoas de baru variaram nas regiões estudadas entre 2,93-5,07 g (100 g)–1, de proteína entre 25,16-27,69 g (100 g)–1 e de extrato etéreo entre 32,42-37,36 g (100 g)–1. Os teores médios de ácidos graxos saturados variaram de 19,93-25,74% e de ácidos graxos insaturados de 73,47-79,19%. Os ácidos graxos de maior ocorrência foram: oléico, com teor entre 45,58-48,98 g (100 g)–1, e o linoléico com teor entre 22,83-29,71 g (100 g)–1. Os macronutrientes minerais que apresentaram maiores concentrações foram potássio, fósforo e enxofre. O cálcio e o magnésio apresentaram-se em concentrações mais baixas. Com relação aos micronutrientes minerais, o ferro apresentou maior concentração e o cobre, o manganês e o zinco, menores teores.

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