Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993.

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 2000. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-88). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes special study report entitled : Ecology of Mai Po. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

Orientador: Rozely Ferreira dos Santos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T18:38:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Terra_TalitaNogueira_M.pdf: 6320672 bytes, checksum: 71a2c8a5ced7baec53b19f790b88c262 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A implantação de Unidades de Conservação no Brasil ocorre, comumente, em áreas já ocupadas, com um histórico de impactos de efeitos cumulativos, resquícios deixados pela pretérita ação antrópica. Os tipos e fluxos de efeitos acumulados devem ser diferentes ao longo do tempo, em função da seqüência temporal das ações humanas resultantes das mudanças de uso da terra e das decisões legais ligadas à conservação, conduzindo a diferentes estados passados e futuros em uma única paisagem. O objetivo deste estudo foi interpretar cadeias de efeitos cumulativos por quatro décadas e meia, estimar o efeito dos prováveis impactos no futuro e relacionar os resultados dessas cadeias frente às legislações ambientais vigentes nesse período. Foi adotada como área de estudo porções territoriais da antiga Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável de Despraiado, Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins e zona de amortecimento limítrofe a essas duas regiões. Os efeitos cumulativos foram inferidos por meio da construção de cenários passados e presente e futuro, comparados entre si. A simulação do cenário futuro (2028) foi realizada por meio de uma seqüência de processos, composta por índice Kappa, cadeias de Markov, análise multicriterial e autômatos celulares. Essa estratégia explicitou as mudanças de estado ao longo da série cronológica de usos da terra e simulou as transformações para daqui a 18 anos. Pelo cenário simulado verificou-se que se a condição histórica de uso da terra e atuação do Estado continuar na mesma tendência dos últimos 45 anos, as áreas fronteiriças a essas áreas protegidas não terão em 2028 uma cobertura vegetal natural superior a 10%, mas serão compostas por 43% de bananais. Os resultados evidenciaram que os limites legais das áreas protegidas foram, ainda são e serão cada vez mais fictícios, não cumprindo os objetivos estabelecidos pelas sucessivas unidades de proteção ambiental estabelecidas para a região de estudo / Abstract: The implementation of Conservation Areas (CA) in Brazil occurs on regions already occupied with a history of impacts, traces left by human action. It is believed that the types and flows of cumulative effects must be different over time, depending on the time sequence of human actions arising from changes in land use and legal decisions related to conservation, leading to different states in past and future a single landscape. The objective of this study is interpret the chains of cumulative effect four decades to estimate the cumulative of these impacts in the future and relate the results of these chains in the face of environmental laws in force in that period. The study area was composed by three regions adjacent one each other: the Sustainable Development Reserve of Despraiado, the Juréia-Itatins State Ecological Station and the buffer zone. The cumulative effects were inferred by the comparison of scenarios constructed in the past and present. The simulation of the future scenario (2028) was performed through a sequence of processes, among them the Kappa, Markov chains, cellular automata and multicriteria analysis. That strategy explained the changes of land use along the time series and simulated the transformations in the area that results in landscape found in 2028. By the simulated scenario can be verified that if historical condition of land use and performance of the State continue the same trend of the past 45 years, the border areas of these protected areas will not have in 2028 a natural vegetation cover over 10% but will be composed of 43% by bananas plantations. The results showed that the legal bounds of protected areas have been, still are and will increasingly be fictitious, not fulfilling the goals set by the successive units of environmental protection established for the study region / Mestrado / Recursos Hidricos, Energeticos e Ambientais / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Thesis (M. Dev. (Planning and Management)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / The rationale for the establishment of nature reserves and protected areas has emphasized community benefits in terms of job and market opportunities, generation of income, facilitation of entrepreneurship and business, and the creation of an enabling local development environment within which locals would acquire the ability to make productive use of available opportunities and to resist the threats associated with poverty, deprivation, social exclusion and inequality. Evidently, the promotion of nature reserves has in recent years seen an unprecedented and, in many ways, uncomfortable convergence of the local economic development and environmentalism. Theoretically, the increasing popularity of nature reserves rests on the assumption that an enabling local economic development environment would be established wherein increased tourism would precipitate economic growth, job-creation and such other qualities which are collectively characterized as local economic development. However, in practice the interface of nature conservation remains scarcely tested. The study used Timbavati Nature Reserve which is adjacent different Villages including among others Timbavati Village to argue that the practice of nature conservation is far from popular pronouncements, captivated by the conjecture of an enabling local economic development environment. For the purpose of this study, a sample of 99 households from Timbavati Village was used to investigate the effects of nature conservation on LED. The findings of the study affirm that nature reserves are inherently preservationist and focus on protection of biodiversity, maintenance of critical ecological processes as well as ecosystem goods and services rather than “pro-poor growth” and “growth-focused” development paradigms. That is, the findings demonstrated that the Timbavati Nature Reserve is not contributing optimally towards LED as expected by the local communities. Although a general judgement could not be made, however, 28.3% of the respondents disagreed that the nature reserve produces desirable effects and 15.1% agreed that the nature reserve have undesirable effects on the village while 86.5% of the respondents were neutral on both effects. Additionally, the dearth of LED activities in the village vi indicated that the Timbavati Village does not get an injection from the nature reserve towards LED. Such findings indicate that the question of community ownership and access to natural resources remains unresolved where abundance of natural capital co-exists with poverty among communities. Thus, lack of integration, coherence, access to resources, local ownership, community participation and equal benefits sharing is apparent in most nature reserves and other protected areas including Timbavati Nature Reserve. Therefore, the study concludes that the Timbavati Nature Reserve is yet to contribute towards local economic development because its practice is devoid of community development principles. / University of Limpopo

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

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