Fourth decade of 20th century in Europe can be described as a period of crises of democracy and liberalism. Developement of democracy in newly formated national states in East Central Europe was interrupted by the lack of democratic traditions, intelectuals, of their agrarian society and world economic crises of 1929. Democracy was changed by authoritarism and totalitarism in these states. In the context of economic depression and in the wave of political – ideological radicalization European intelectuals tried to find out solution of this problem. The idea of organic, corporate state which had to be synthesis of liberalism and authoritarism, reborned in their minds. At the beginning of 4 decade new generation of Lithuanian catholic intellectuals started to act in Lithuanian political mind. In that period, after the graduation of Western universities they returned to Lithuania. Relaying on modern European political tendencies and theories they made theoretic solutions to find the ways of modernization of Lithuania. Lithuania at that time was ruled under an authoritarian A. Smetona’s regime. So having no possibility to act in practical politics, they firstly made theoretic offers how to modernize Lithuanian culture and public life. This generation grew up in independent Lithuania, and did not feel any sentiments to postwar democratic euphoria. It was reason why their projects on modern state vision were met warmly by regime and was criticized by the liberals and... [to full text]