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The Role of Repulsive Guidance Molecule b (RGMb) in the Developing Chick Visual SytemSidhu, Nicole 26 November 2012 (has links)
Our work on RGMb demonstrates a clear and new role in the developing chick visual system. RGMb is expressed in distinct areas of the developing visual system: retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of the retina, which are the only cells in the visual system that extend axons to the brain, as well as newly differentiated neuronal cells within the optic tectum (OT), the primary target of RGC axons. Knockdown of RGMb in RGCs at embryonic day 2 (E2) resulted in aberrant axon projection at E17, indicating that RGMb is required for axon development. Furthermore, knockdown of RGMb in the optic tectum at E5 resulted in disrupted cellular migration at E9, demonstrating that RGMb is involved in correct cell migration. Lastly, we demonstrated that RGMb binds to the Fibronectin III (3,4) domain of Neogenin, which provides a basis for determining the mechanism through which RGMb exerts its biological effects.
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The Role of Repulsive Guidance Molecule b (RGMb) in the Developing Chick Visual SytemSidhu, Nicole 26 November 2012 (has links)
Our work on RGMb demonstrates a clear and new role in the developing chick visual system. RGMb is expressed in distinct areas of the developing visual system: retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of the retina, which are the only cells in the visual system that extend axons to the brain, as well as newly differentiated neuronal cells within the optic tectum (OT), the primary target of RGC axons. Knockdown of RGMb in RGCs at embryonic day 2 (E2) resulted in aberrant axon projection at E17, indicating that RGMb is required for axon development. Furthermore, knockdown of RGMb in the optic tectum at E5 resulted in disrupted cellular migration at E9, demonstrating that RGMb is involved in correct cell migration. Lastly, we demonstrated that RGMb binds to the Fibronectin III (3,4) domain of Neogenin, which provides a basis for determining the mechanism through which RGMb exerts its biological effects.
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Expression des nétrines dans la rétine de souris adulteSimard, Mathieu 12 1900 (has links)
Les nétrines sont une petite famille de protéines de guidage axonal qui
peuvent attirer des axones ou en repousser d’autres lors du développement neuronal.
Lors du développement de la rétine, les axones des cellules ganglionnaires de la
rétine (CGR) sont attirés vers une source de nétrines au niveau du disque optique
leur permettant de quitter la rétine et de former le nerf optique. Afin de pouvoir
caractériser le rôle des nétrines dans le système visuel adulte, nous avons investigué
l’expression des nétrines et leurs récepteurs dans la rétine de souris adulte.
Alors qu’aucune expression de la nétrine-1 n’a été détectée dans la rétine
adulte, l’expression de la nétrine-3 a été abondamment détectée au niveau des CGR
et des cellules amacrines. Nous démontrons aussi que les récepteurs des nétrines
sont exprimés dans la rétine adulte. Alors que DCC semble être confiné au niveau
des axones des CGR, néogénine est retrouvé dans les dendrites des CGR et des
cellules horizontales. Quant aux protéines de la famille des récepteurs homologues à
UNC-5, UNC5B a été détecté dans les somas des CGR et UNC5C dans les cellules
de Müller.
La découverte que nétrine-3 et ses récepteurs sont abondamment exprimés
dans plusieurs types cellulaires de la rétine adulte leur suggère un rôle dans le
fonctionnement du système visuel mature. / The netrins are a small family of axonal guidance proteins that can attract or
repulse growing axons during neural development. During development of the
retina, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) axons are attracted by a netrin source at the
optic disc that permits them to exit the retina and form the optic nerve. To
characterise the role of netrins in the adult visual system, we investigated the
expression of netrins and their receptors in the adult mouse retina.
While expression of netrin-1 has not been detected in the adult retina, netrin-
3 has been abundantly found in RGCs amacrine cells. We also demonstrate that
netrin receptors are expressed in the adult retina. DCC was found to be restricted in
RGCs axons and neogenin in dendrites of RGCs and horizontal cells. UNC5B
proteins were detected at RGC soma and UNC5C proteins in the Müller cells.
The finding that netrin-3 and its receptors are abundantly expressed in many
cell types of the adult retina suggests a funtional role for them in the mature visual
system.
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Neogenin function and modulation in spinal motor neuron developmentCroteau, Louis-Philippe 11 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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Expression des nétrines dans la rétine de souris adulteSimard, Mathieu 12 1900 (has links)
Les nétrines sont une petite famille de protéines de guidage axonal qui
peuvent attirer des axones ou en repousser d’autres lors du développement neuronal.
Lors du développement de la rétine, les axones des cellules ganglionnaires de la
rétine (CGR) sont attirés vers une source de nétrines au niveau du disque optique
leur permettant de quitter la rétine et de former le nerf optique. Afin de pouvoir
caractériser le rôle des nétrines dans le système visuel adulte, nous avons investigué
l’expression des nétrines et leurs récepteurs dans la rétine de souris adulte.
Alors qu’aucune expression de la nétrine-1 n’a été détectée dans la rétine
adulte, l’expression de la nétrine-3 a été abondamment détectée au niveau des CGR
et des cellules amacrines. Nous démontrons aussi que les récepteurs des nétrines
sont exprimés dans la rétine adulte. Alors que DCC semble être confiné au niveau
des axones des CGR, néogénine est retrouvé dans les dendrites des CGR et des
cellules horizontales. Quant aux protéines de la famille des récepteurs homologues à
UNC-5, UNC5B a été détecté dans les somas des CGR et UNC5C dans les cellules
de Müller.
La découverte que nétrine-3 et ses récepteurs sont abondamment exprimés
dans plusieurs types cellulaires de la rétine adulte leur suggère un rôle dans le
fonctionnement du système visuel mature. / The netrins are a small family of axonal guidance proteins that can attract or
repulse growing axons during neural development. During development of the
retina, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) axons are attracted by a netrin source at the
optic disc that permits them to exit the retina and form the optic nerve. To
characterise the role of netrins in the adult visual system, we investigated the
expression of netrins and their receptors in the adult mouse retina.
While expression of netrin-1 has not been detected in the adult retina, netrin-
3 has been abundantly found in RGCs amacrine cells. We also demonstrate that
netrin receptors are expressed in the adult retina. DCC was found to be restricted in
RGCs axons and neogenin in dendrites of RGCs and horizontal cells. UNC5B
proteins were detected at RGC soma and UNC5C proteins in the Müller cells.
The finding that netrin-3 and its receptors are abundantly expressed in many
cell types of the adult retina suggests a funtional role for them in the mature visual
system.
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Expression and function of netrin and its receptors in sea urchin embryos: implications for neural and ectoderm developmentJuurinen, Andrew 23 August 2010 (has links)
Functional and temporal-spatial studies of Netrin and its receptors have been
reported in several species including, M. musculus, D. melanogaster and C. elegans.
These studies indicate that Netrins are a family of evolutionarily conserved, secreted
proteins that function to elicit the extension and turning responses of axons. Here, I describe the sequences for netrin and its receptors, unc5 and neogenin, in
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and show that the larval nervous system is patterned
predictably with respect to cell body and axon location, early in its development. These findings led to a tentative hypothesis that Sp-Netrin functions to guide axonal growth in the larval nervous system. Quantitative PCR indicates that Sp-netrin and Sp-unc5 are expressed prior to neurogenesis, whereas Sp-neogenin is expressed close to the stage at which neurons differentiate. A polyclonal antibody to Sp-Netrin and in situ hybridizations reveal that Sp-Netrin is initially expressed in the vegetal plate, the archenteron and the protein is present on the basal surface of the oral ectoderm in early prism stage embryos. Suppression of Netrin expression, with a morpholino antisense oligonucleotide, results in loss of neurons, loss of ciliary band cells and loss of the oralectoderm markers, Chordin and Goosecoid. These findings suggest that Netrin is responsible for maintaining or differentiating oral and ciliary band ectoderm, which is necessary for neural specification or differentiation. Further study of this model is necessary to determine if Sp-Netrin retains a role in axon guidance.
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