We present platooning as a special case of crowd-sensing framework. After offering a policy that governs platooning, we review common scenarios and components surrounding platooning. We present a prototype that illustrates efficiency of road usage and vehicle travel time derived from platooning. We have argued that beyond the commonly reported benefits of platooning, there are substantial savings in acquisition and processing of sensory data sharing the road. Our results show that data transmission can be reduced to low of 3% compared to normal data transmission using a platoon formation with sensor sharing.

Video super-resolution (VSR) aims to give a satisfying estimation of a high-resolution (HR) image from multiple similar low-resolution (LR) images by exploiting their hidden redundancy. The rapid development of convolutional neural network (CNN) techniques provide numerous new possibilities to solve the VSR problem. Recent VSR methods combine CNN with motion compensation to cancel the inconsistencies among the LR images and merge them to an HR images. To compensate the motion, pixels in input frames are warped according to optical-flow-like information. In this procedure, trade-off has to be made between the distraction caused by spatio-temporal inconsistencies and the pixel-wise detail damage caused by the compensation. We proposed a novel VSR method with the name, Video Super-Resolution via Dynamic Local Filter Network, and its upgraded edition, Video Super-Resolution with Compensation in Feature Extraction. Both methods perform motion compensation via a dynamic local filter network, which processes the input images with dynamically generated filter kernels. These kernels are sample-specific and position-specific. Therefore, our proposed methods can eliminate the inter-frame differences during feature extractions without explicitly manipulating pixels. The experimental results demonstrate that our methods outperform the state-of-the-art VSR algorithms in terms of PSNR and SSIM and recover more details with superior visual quality.

The Space Mobile Network (SMN) is NASA’s next generation architecture concept for communications services between ground and space-based assets. The SMN calls for a paradigm shift in space communications. The transition will move from an approach based on static, preplanned communications over point-to-point channels to a dynamic, event-driven, and network-based approach that facilitates service-oriented communications. In doing so, the SMN is able to leverage some concepts and technologies present in today’s terrestrial wireless networks, while others must be extended or adapted to the space communications domain. This paper provides background on key SMN architectural concepts and an evaluation of the suitability of terrestrial wireless network modeling tools to be used and applied for proving out SMN concepts.

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This thesis addresses two major issues in protocol conformance testing: test sequence generation and test result analysis. For test sequence generation, a new approach based on the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) techniques, which is widely used in the AI community, is presented. This method constructs a unique test sequence for a given FSM by using an initial test sequence, such as a transition tour or an UIO test sequence, and incrementally generating a set of test subsequences which together represent the constraints imposed on the overall structure of the FSM. The new method not only generates test sequence with fault coverage which is at least as good as the one provided by the existing methods, but also allows the implementation under test (IUT) to have a larger number of states than that in the specification. In addition, the new method also lends itself naturally to both test result analysis and fault coverage measurement. For test result analysis, the CSP method uses the observed sequence as the initial sequence, constructs all fault models which satisfy the initial sequence and introduces additional subsequences to pinpoint the IUT fault model. In addition, a second method for test result analysis is proposed, which is originated from a model of diagnostic reasoning from first principle, another well-known AI techniques which produces all minimal diagnoses by considering the overall consistency of the system together with the observation. Unlike the first method, the second method does not require the computation of all fault models explicitly, and hence is considered to be more suitable for large systems. To our knowledge, the proposed methods in this thesis represent the first attempt in applying AI techniques to the problem of protocol test sequence generation and analysis. / Science, Faculty of / Computer Science, Department of / Graduate

The Open Systems Interconnection Passive Monitor (OSI-PM), which is based on the principles of the OSI-Reference Model (OSI-RM), provides a framework for the development of multi-layer passive monitoring and testing. It adopts the same seven-layer architecture of the OSI-RM and provides the capability of selectively displaying, capturing, and analyzing the protocol events on single or multiple connections for any subset or all of the seven layers. Different from conventional monitors, the OSI-PM is able to detect protocol violation as they occur in addition to the monitoring functions. The current OSI-PM is able to monitor and test up to the transport layer of the OSI-RM. This thesis discusses the design, prototype implementation and testing of the OSI-PM. / Science, Faculty of / Computer Science, Department of / Graduate

As communications protocols are becoming more complex and sophisticated, developing a test system that has the ability to provide a controlled environment for comprehensive protocol testing is essential to achieve a "real open system". This thesis advocates the need for a multi-party test method as currently identified by ISO, and discusses two important aspects of protocol testing: Conformance and Interoperability. They are complementary to each other and are necessary to ensure the conformity and interoperability of a protocol implementation. The proposed ferry clip based test architecture is presented. Both the concepts and design principles employed to achieve a flexible and generalized test system and the specific components which comprise the Ferry Clip based Test System are described. The test system is general and flexible not only with respect to the test configurations and test methods but also with respect to the protocol to be tested, the system under test, and the underlying communication system. Applications of the ferry clip approach to multi-party conformance and interoperability testing are discussed, followed by an example of MHS conformance testing which demonstrates the applicability of the ferry clip approach to multi-party testing. / Science, Faculty of / Computer Science, Department of / Graduate

Network reliability is the probabilistic measure that determines whether a network remains functional when its elements fail at random. Definition of functionality varies depending on the problem of interest, thus network reliability has much potential as a unifying framework to study a broad range of problems arising in complex network contexts. However, since its introduction in the 1950's, network reliability has remained more of an interesting theoretical construct than a practical tool. In large part, this is due to well-established complexity costs for both its evaluation and approximation, which has led to the classification of network reliability as a NP-Hard problem. In this dissertation we present an algorithm to estimate network reliability and then utilize it to evaluate the reliability of large networks under various descriptions of functionality. The primary goal of this dissertation is to pose network reliability as a general scheme that provides a practical and efficiently computable observable to distinguish different networks. Employing this concept, we are able to demonstrate how local structural changes can impose global consequences. We further use network reliability to assess the most critical network entities which ensure a network's reliability. We investigate each of these aspects of reliability by demonstrating some example applications. / Ph. D.

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