Main goal of the diploma thesis was to present historical development of a testament in the area of Bohemia. Chapters of the thesis are put in chronological order and all the periods with an influence on the development are mentioned. At first an approach to testament in Roman law is presented, followed by feudal approach, an approach of the General Civil Code, approaches of totalitarian civil codes from 1950 and 1964 including changes which appeared after the Velvet Revolution and finally a new approach of the new civil code, Act No. 89/2012, taking effect on the January 1, 2014. To be able to understand fully the testament and all the related institutes it is necessary to begin with Roman law. It was the Roman law which laid the foundations for civil codes in Europe. This applies also to the testament in our area. Development in the following feudal period however was not positive when it comes to succession. Testament is therefore coming on the scene much later - mostly in form of code called city rights, which began a renaissance of the Roman law. The first complete civil code from 1811 was revolutionary when it comes to, besides other things, testament and succession. The General Civil Code was based on the Roman law traditions, it introduced extraordinary testamentary power for a testator,...

The thesis deals with the problems of inheritance law. The main goal is the comparison of its legal form in the current Civil Code and in the new Civil Code, followed by the analyzing and the evaluating of the changes. The thesis concentrates on both legal forms of inheritance law to fulfil this goal. These legal forms are compared after and the changes are analyzed to answer the question, whether these changes are beneficial for citizens, why this part of law was changed and what its deficiency and correction is.

This diploma thesis deals with characteristics of non-governmental organizations and their respective legal forms as they are defined in the new Civil Code and Business Corporations Act. The aim of this thesis is evaluation of development and present-day situation of legal forms of non-governmental organizations in the Czech Republic with focus on the institute legal form and possibilities of transformation of an institute to an association. Forming the outcome of this thesis the determined effects of transformation are used to make recommendations for associations considering possible transformation to the legal form of institute.

Das Ziel deiser Diplomarbeit ist mit den Einzelansprüchen den Schadensersatz bei Körperverletzung und Tötung in der tschechischen und deutschen Rechtsordnung zu beschreiben. Die Diplomarbeit ist in vier Kapitel eingeteilt. Das erste Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit den Grundlagen des Gesundheitsschutzes aus der Sicht des tschechischen und deutschen Staatsrecht und deren Verankerung in den internationalen Menschenrechtsabkommen. Die Aufmerksamkeit ist auch auf die Verankerung der Grundprinzipien in dem tschechischen und deutschen bürgerlichen Recht gelegt. Das Kapitel beschäftigt sich weiter mit dem Gesundheitsschutz durch das bürgerliche Recht. Das zwite Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit der Haftung, besonders mit den theoretischen Ausgangspunkte der Haftung und Voraussetzungen für die bürgerliche Haftungsbeziehung in der tschechischen und deutschen Rechtsordnung. Die Aufmerksamkeit ist besonders auf die Rechtswidrigkeit, die Kausalität, der Schaden, das Verschulden geleget und die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Rechtsordungen. Das dritte Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit dem Ersatz des materiellen und immateriellen Schadens und mit der Hilfe der Einzelansprüchen beschreibt den Art und den Umfang der Schadensersatzpflicht in der Tschechische Republik. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit ist gewidmet dem Erlöschen der...

The main goal of this thesis is the complex description of the testament. The problems of this ancient and utmost important instrument of law, which is given to the testator to decide who will get his property after his death, is comprehensively described in the five chapters of this work. This thesis mainly focuses on the key element in the Czech civil law of current time, which is the new civil code that brings severe changes especially to the hereditary law. Major differences can be seen especially in comparison with the so called socialistic civil codes. The new civil law regulation surpasses the ideologically motivated and oversimplified provisions of these old laws. The most important changes are bound with the new basic principles, especially with the testator's will as a leading principle of the hereditary law. This principle is in fact mostly applied in the testament law; therefore the new civil code has great impact on the examined topic. The first chapter of this work is dedicated to the creation of testament as the instrument of law in the beginnings of civilization. It includes further development in several ancient states and the chapter is closed with the more detailed analysis of the base source of the modern civil law, the roman private law. The second chapter describes history and...

The theme of dissertation is "Inheritance and steering gear of inheritance in Czech Republic" because I widen the original theme of procedural law to material law - inheritance, according to New Civil Code (NOZ) which brought to Czech legal order many changes, also in the area of inheritance in Czech legislation. The thesis also analyses the changes which brought Zákon o zvláštních řízeních soudních. Dissertation then compares the new and the old legislation, highlights its pluses and minuses and also resolves if the new legislation is better the the old legislation and where are these changes obvious. This thesis should be general knowledge of changes in area of inheritance and steering gear according to NOZ, not at all detailed processing of institutes of inheritance law. Practical part of the thesis analyses judicature and three concrete testaments.

Consumer protection is one of the recent trends in the private law and goes nowadays through very dynamic development. Its driving force is especially the European law through directives of the European Parliament and the Council. The necessity of their transposition greatly influences our national law. The last change was an adoption of the Law no. 89/2012 Sb., the Civil Code. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the information duties of entrepreneurs which have been adopted to protect consumers. The thesis evaluates whether the given regulation does not burden disproportionately entrepreneurs on the one hand and provides an adequate protection for the consumers on the other hand. The thesis also deals with the consequences that may arise in particular cases for failure to comply with the information duties.

This diploma thesis deals with the impact of the new Civil Code on the Life Insurance in the Czech Republic. Since January 1, 2014, the new Civil Code regulates the existing legislation and in many ways introduces new insurance terms and requirements. The introduction of this legislation will affect the entire insurance market that will provide trends in Life Insurance in the coming years . Since this change will significantly transform the whole negotiation process of Life Insurance policies, several key themes were selected and analyzed which are most relevant to both insurers, policyholders and the insured. The new Civil Code will change the negotiations of Life Insurance contracts and the insurance broker business will be different from what so far has been customary. The insurance brokers will now have to collect the insurable interest during the contract negotiation with the applicant, analyze their needs and schedule records from the meeting. The thesis examines the current state of negotiated Life Insurance risk on the real Life Insurance data. The analysis concludes some recommendations which the insurers could use with regard to the introduced changes.

This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of trust funds taxation, which is being prepared in Czech Republic based on comparison with existing arrangements in Great Britain, Italy, Switzerland and France. In the first part terms relevant to trust fund problematics used in the following parts of the thesis are defined. Also Hague Convention is mentioned, since it explains function of trust funds in continental countries. In the second part, the focus is on the analysis of legal and tax arrangement in chosen jurisdictions with emphasis on taxation in individual situations. The last part deals with legislation of trust funds based on the new civil code. Key issue here is analysis of tax legislation concerning the trust funds taxation in the Czech Republic and a proposal of taxation possibilities on the basis of comparing it with existing taxation in chosen jurisdictions. At the end of this part, arrangement of trust funds, which is contained in Model Tax Convention on Income and Capital, is mentioned.

The thesis deals with the legal aspects of civic associations and connections with their transformation into guilds as a result of the entry into force of the New Civil Code. It also deals with the issue of lack of legal certainty in some areas of accounting and taxation. This section is dedicated to the largest part of the thesis, which displays typical transaction of guildss. All this part is dealt in parallel look of simple accounting and double-entry bookkeeping. In conclusion, these transactions are considered as all transactions of fictitious guild and transferred into annual reports and tax returns.