Orientador: Clovis Perin Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T00:58:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VillasBoas_FernandoRocha_M.pdf: 1294966 bytes, checksum: 7a377052906a8a30428e9604ff98f109 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995 / Resumo: Neste trabalho analisamos o problema de determinar a projeção de um vetor c no núcleo de uma matriz A. Apresentamos um método direto que permite o tratamento simultâneo da deficiência de posto e da esparsidade da matriz A. A relação entre o método proposto e os métodos de pontos interiores para programação linear recebe especial atenção. / Abstract: In this work we consider the problem of computing the projection of a vector into the null space of a matrix A. We present a direct method that permits the treatment of both the numerical rank deficiency and the sparsity of the matrix A. Special attention is given to it's relation to interior points methods for linear programming. / Mestrado / Mestre em Matemática Aplicada

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It is the purpose of this paper to discuss some important properties of unitary matrices and particularly to discuss the real unitary, or real orthogonal, matrices. The main results stated in this paper may be found in the works listed in the bibliography, but it is believed that the organization of the paper is such that the material will be more readily understandable and useful to the reader in the form in which it is here given. / Typescript. / "June, 1953." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: T. L. Wade, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 65).

Bibliography: pages 107-110. / The theme of this thesis is the construction of state diagrams and their implications. The author generalises most of the theorems in Chapter II of Goldberg [Gl] by dropping the assumption that the doin.ain of the operator is dense in X . The author also presents the standard Taylor-Halberg-Goldberg state diagrams [Gl, 61, 66]. Chapters II and III deal with F₊- and F₋-operators, which are generalisations of the ф₊- and ф₋-operators in Banach spaces of Gokhberg-Krein [GK]. Examples are given of F₊- and F₋-operators. Also, in Chapter III, the main theorems needed to construct the state diagrams of Chapter IV are discussed. The state diagrams of Chapter IV are based on states corresponding to F₊- and F₋-operators; in addition state diagrams relating T and T˝ under the assumptions ϒ(T) > 0 and ϒ(T΄) > 0 are derived. Second adjoints are important in Tauberian Theory (see Cross [Cl]). Chapters I and IV are the main chapters. In Chapter I of this thesis the author modifies many of the proofs appearing in Goldberg [Gl), to take account of the new definition of the adjoint.

Bibliography: pages 101-104. / Linear operator theory is usually studied in the setting of normed or Banach spaces. However, careful examination of proofs shows that in many cases the Hausdorff property of normed spaces is not used. Even in those cases where explicit use of the Hausdorff property is made, one can often get around this (should one wish to work in seminormed spaces) by suitable identification of elements and then working in the resulting normed space. Working in seminormed spaces rather than normed spaces is especially advantageous when dealing with quotients (which occur in linear operator theory when one considers the factorisation of an operator through its domain space quotiented by its null space): when taking the quotient of a normed space by a subspace, one requires the subspace to be closed in order for the quotient to be a normed space; however, in the seminormed space case the requirement that the subspace be closed is no longer necessary. Seminorms are also important in the study of certain properties of the second adjoint of an operator (for example, seminorms occur in the study of operators of the Tauberian type (see [C2]) and operators analagous to weakly compact operators (see Chapter VI). It is the aim of this work to generalise as much of the basic theory of unbounded linear operators as possible to seminormed spaces. In Chapter I, some aspects of topological vector spaces (which will be used throughout this work) are presented, the most important parts being the Hahn-Banach theorem and the section on weak topologies. In Chapter II, we restrict our attention to seminormed spaces, the setting in which the remainder of this work takes place. The basic theory of unbounded linear operators, their adjoints and the relationship between operators and their adjoints is covered in Chapter III. Chapter IV concentrates on characterising unbounded strictly singular operators while in Chapter V operators with closed range are studied. Finally, in Chapter VI, a property corresponding · to one of the equivalent conditions for a bounded operator to be weakly compact is studied for unbounded operators.

This essay investigates the concept of linear programming in general and linear stochastic programming in particular. Linear stochastic programming is described as the model where the parameters of the linear programming admit random variability. The first three chapters present through a set-geometric approach the foundations of linear programming. Chapter one describes the evolution of the concepts which resulted in the adoption of the model. Chapter two describes the constructs in n-dimensional euclidian space which constitute the mathematical basis of linear programs, and chapter three defines the linear programming model and develops the computational basis of the simplex algorithm. The second three chapters analyze the effect of the introduction of risk into the linear programming model. The different approaches of estimating and measuring risk are studied and the difficulties arising in formulating the stochastic problem and deriving the equivalent deterministic problems are treated from the theoretical and practical point of view. Multiple examples are given throughout the essay for clarification of the salient points.

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