Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from PDF file main screen (viewed on Oct. 21, 2009). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves E1-E4).

Thesis--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 218-230).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1959. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 13-1-13-9).

The spreading of small liquid drops over thin and thick porous layers (dry or saturated with the same liquid) has been investigated in the case of both complete wetting (silicone oils of different viscosities) and partial wetting (aqueous SDS solutions of different concentrations). Consideration has been carried out from both experimental and theoretical points of view. Nitrocellulose membranes of different porosity and averaged pore size were used as a model of thin porous layers, glass and metal filters were used as a model of thick porous substrates. It has been shown, that the spreading process follows the power law in time in the case of spreading of silicon oil drops over porous substrate saturated with the same oil. The liquid flow in the spreading drop has been matched with the flow in the porous substrate. Both the exponent and the pre-exponential factor of the power law have been predicted and compared with our experimental data, which shows the good agreement. An effective lubrication coefficient has been introduced, which accounts for an effective slippage of liquids over porous substrates. This coefficient has been both theoretically predicted and experimentally verified.

Thesis (MTech (Chemical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005 / The prediction of head losses in a pipe system is very important because head losses affect the performance of fluid machinery such as pumps. In a pipe system, two kinds of losses are observed: major losses and minor losses. In Newtonian and non-Newtonian flow, major losses are those that are due to friction in straight pipes and minor losses are those that are due to pipe fittings such as contractions, expansions, bends and valves. Minor losses must be accurately predicted in a pipe system because they are not negligible and can sometimes outweigh major losses (Edwards et al., 1985). There is presently little data for the prediction of non-Newtonian head losses in pipe fittings in the literature and little consensus amongst researchers (Pienaar et al., 2004). In the case of diaphragm valves, usually, only one loss coefficient value is given in turbulent flow or in laminar flow with no reference to a specific size of the valve, assuming geometrical similarity that would lead to dynamic similarity. However, no one has done a systematic study of various sizes of diaphragm valves from the same manufacturer to establish if this is true. This could be the main reason for discrepancies found in the literature (Hooper, 1981; Perry & Chilton, 1973; Miller, 1978 and Pienaar et al., 2004). This work addresses this issue. A literature revIew on the flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids has been presented. The work of Hooper (1981) on diaphragm valves and the works of Edwards et al., (1985), BaneIjee et aI., (1994) and Turian et al., (1997) for non-Newtonian fluids in globe and gate valves were found to be relevant to this work.

Thesis (DTech (Chemical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. / The subject of this study is highly concentrated emulsion explosive (HCEE). These emulsions are dispersions of an aqueous phase (up to 90 v-%) in an oil phase. The dispersed droplets consist of an aqueous solution of nitrate salts, which is supersaturated at room temperature, comprising less than 20% of water by mass. Compounds of this kind are thermodynamically unstable and their instability is related to the coarsening of emulsion (coalescence) and phase transition (crystallization) of dispersed phase. However it is demonstrated that the dominating mechanism is slow crystallization inside the super-cooled droplets. The main goal of this thesis is a phenomenological study of the dependence of structural parameters, such as droplet size and volume fraction, as well as the ageing processes, on the rheological properties of these emulsions. The results of the measurements include the flow and viscoelastic properties of the materials. The rheological parameters are correlated with the kinetics of structural changes during ageing, as a function of emulsion formulation. The emulsions under study are non-Newtonian liquids. Experiments in shear rate sweep mode demonstrate that the upward and downward branches of the flow curves coincide above some specific shear rate value. The upward experiments show the existence of a low shear Newtonian asymptote, while the effect of yielding is observed in the downward curve. Wall slip is investigated and shown to be negligible.

The purpose of this thesis is to study the problem of a low Reynolds number swimmer that is in very close proximity to a wall or solid boundary in a non- Newtonian fluid. We assume that it moves by propagating waves down its length in one direction, creating a thrust and therefore propelling it in the opposite direction. We model the swimmer as an infinite, inextensible waving sheet. We consider two main cases of this swimming sheet problem. In the first case, the type of wave being propagated down the length of the swimmer is specified. We compare the swimming speeds of viscoelastic shear thinning, shear thickening and Newtonian fluids for a fixed propagating wave speed. We then compare the swimming speeds of these same fluids for a fixed rate of work per wavelength. In the latter situation, we find that a shear thinning fluid always yields the fastest swimming speed regardless of the amplitude of the propagating waves. We conclude that a shear thinning fluid is optimal for the swimmer. Analytical results are obtained for various limiting cases. Next, we consider the problem with a Bingham fluid. Yield surfaces and flow profiles are obtained. In the second case, the forcing along the length of the swimmer is specified, but the shape of the swimmer is unknown. First, we solve this problem for a Newtonian fluid. Large amplitude forcing yields a swimmer shape that has a plateau region following by a large spike region. It is found that there exists an optimal forcing that will yield a maximum swimming speed. Next, we solve the problem for moderate forcing amplitudes for viscoelastic shear thickening and shear thinning fluids. For a given forcing, it is found that a shear thinning fluid yields the fastest swimming speed when compared to a shear thickening fluid and a Newtonian fluid. The difference in swimming speeds decreases as the bending stiffness of the swimmer increases. / Science, Faculty of / Mathematics, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

Han, Zuoyan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-46). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.i / Abstract (English) --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Glossary --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Physics parameter viscosity --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- PDMS microfluidics device --- p.4 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- PDMS viscometer for microliter Newtonian fluid / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Configuration of the PDMS Viscometer --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Mechanism of passive pumping --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4 --- Theory of the PDMS viscometer --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5 --- Viscosity Measurement in PDMS Viscometer --- p.15 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Preparation of Blood Plasma --- p.16 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Measurements of Glycerol Solutions --- p.16 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Measurements of Protein Solution and Blood Plasma --- p.19 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Measurements of Organic Solvents --- p.19 / Chapter 2.6 --- Data Analysis --- p.21 / Chapter 2.7 --- Dynamic Contact Angle --- p.22 / Chapter 2.8 --- Conclusions --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- PDMS viscometer for microliter Non-Newtonian fluid / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Configuration of the PDMS viscometer --- p.29 / Chapter 3.3 --- Theory for non-Newtonian fluid --- p.31 / Chapter 3.4 --- Viscosity Measurement of non-Newtonian fluids --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Preparation of Blood Plasma --- p.36 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Measurement of starch solutions --- p.36 / Chapter 3.5 --- Data analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6 --- Conclusion --- p.41 / References --- p.43