It is not revolutionary to say that repetition and practical experience is a very important aspect in learning about and understanding a topic. This is especially true for languages, particularly from the point of view of vocabulary.Like in many other processes that deal with gaining knowledge, studying foreign words involves a lot of side work: For instance the selection of words, or their presentation for the actual training.The purpose of this thesis is to automate the study of vocabulary. To do so, an intelligent software package was developed. Divided into three parts the project takes into account the aspects from the language point of view, from the studying point of view, and from the computer science point of view.The fundamental idea to accomplish the goal is a relational database system. It is utilized by software programs that solve their tasks in respect to data management, data manipulation, storage and retrieval, in an efficient way.The system is developed for English speaking persons studying German as a foreign language. And with every language having its own nature, it naturally influences all levels and aspects of design and utilization of the database.l: / Department of Computer Science

This Thesis addresses how Semantic Web representations, in particular RDF, can enable flexible and scalable preservation, recreation, and querying of databases. An approach has been developed for selective scalable long-term archival of relational databases (RDBs) as RDF, implemented in the SAQ (Semantic Archive and Query) system. The archival of user-specified parts of an RDB is specified using an extension of SPARQL, A-SPARQL. SAQ automatically generates an RDF view of the RDB, the RD-view. The result of an archival query is RDF triples stored in: i) a data archive file containing the preserved RDB content, and ii) a schema archive file containing sufficient meta-data to reconstruct the archived database. To achieve scalable data preservation and recreation, SAQ uses special query rewriting optimizations for the archival queries. It was experimentally shown that they improve query execution and archival time compared with naïve processing. The performance of SAQ was compared with that of other systems supporting SPARQL queries to views of existing RDBs. When an archived RDB is to be recreated, the reloader module of SAQ first reads the schema archive file and executes a schema reconstruction algorithm to automatically construct the RDB schema. The thus created RDB is populated by reading the data archive and converting the read data into relational attribute values. For scalable recreation of RDF archived data we have developed the Triple Bulk Load (TBL) approach where the relational data is reconstructed by using the bulk load facility of the RDBMS. Our experiments show that the TBL approach is substantially faster than the naïve Insert Attribute Value (IAV) approach, despite the added sorting and post-processing. To view and query semi-structured Topic Maps data as RDF the prototype system TM-Viewer was implemented. A declarative RDF view of Topic Maps, the TM-view, is automatically generated by the TM-viewer using a developed conceptual schema for the Topic Maps data model. To achieve efficient query processing of SPARQL queries to the TM-view query rewrite transformations were developed and evaluated. It was shown that they significantly improve the query execution time. / eSSENCE

Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Computer Science, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

O incentivo ao uso racional de medicamentos fator importante na melhoria das condições de saúde. A efetivação desta racionalidade, no entanto, esbarra tanto em fatores culturais como em fatores de escassez ou mesmo ausência de informação confiável. Os farmacêuticos, membros indispensáveis de qualquer equipe multidisciplinar de saúde, cumprem papel preponderante na disseminação deste conhecimento especializado. Com o objetivo de suprir as lacunas existentes quanto a qualidade da informação farmacológico-terapêutica existente no Brasil, este trabalho desenvolve um sistema de informações sobre medicamentos cardiovasculares aliado a um Sistema de Suporte a Decisão Baseado em Alertas, utilizando uma arquitetura que combina bases de dados relacionais com Medical Logical Modules. O sistema desenvolvido proporciona, a farmacêuticos e outros profissionais da área da saúde, não apenas consultas a informação, mas também sugestões e alertas contextuais referentes ao uso correto de medicamentos, contribuindo, assim, para o treinamento no próprio trabalho destes. / The rational use of drugs is an important factor to the health conditions improvement. The pharmacists are responsible for advising customers about the rational use of drugs, but this professional effort is limited by cultural factors, absence or lack of reliable infomation. The aim of this work is to support pharmacists through a cardiovascular medicine Information System attached to an Alert-based Decision Support System whose structure combines Medical Logical Modules and relational databases. The developed system not only provides the health professional and pharmacist with drug information, but also suggests or alerts them about the proper use of drugs as well it contributes to their in site training.

Non-relational database management systems address some of the limitations relational database management systems have when storing large volumes of unstructured, user generated text-based data in distributed environments. They follow different approaches through the data model they use, their ability to scale data storage over distributed servers and the programming interface they provide. An experimental approach was followed to measure the capabilities these alternative database management systems present in their approach to address the limitations of relational databases in terms of their capability to store unstructured text-based data, data warehousing capabilities, ability to scale data storage across distributed servers and the level of programming abstraction they provide. The results of the research highlighted the limitations of relational database management systems. The different database management systems do address certain limitations, but not all. Document-oriented databases provide the best results and successfully address the need to store large volumes of user generated text-based data in a distributed environment / School of Computing / M. Sc. (Computer Science)

O incentivo ao uso racional de medicamentos fator importante na melhoria das condições de saúde. A efetivação desta racionalidade, no entanto, esbarra tanto em fatores culturais como em fatores de escassez ou mesmo ausência de informação confiável. Os farmacêuticos, membros indispensáveis de qualquer equipe multidisciplinar de saúde, cumprem papel preponderante na disseminação deste conhecimento especializado. Com o objetivo de suprir as lacunas existentes quanto a qualidade da informação farmacológico-terapêutica existente no Brasil, este trabalho desenvolve um sistema de informações sobre medicamentos cardiovasculares aliado a um Sistema de Suporte a Decisão Baseado em Alertas, utilizando uma arquitetura que combina bases de dados relacionais com Medical Logical Modules. O sistema desenvolvido proporciona, a farmacêuticos e outros profissionais da área da saúde, não apenas consultas a informação, mas também sugestões e alertas contextuais referentes ao uso correto de medicamentos, contribuindo, assim, para o treinamento no próprio trabalho destes. / The rational use of drugs is an important factor to the health conditions improvement. The pharmacists are responsible for advising customers about the rational use of drugs, but this professional effort is limited by cultural factors, absence or lack of reliable infomation. The aim of this work is to support pharmacists through a cardiovascular medicine Information System attached to an Alert-based Decision Support System whose structure combines Medical Logical Modules and relational databases. The developed system not only provides the health professional and pharmacist with drug information, but also suggests or alerts them about the proper use of drugs as well it contributes to their in site training.

The Web Based Query Optimization Simulator (WBQOS) is a software tool designed to enhance understanding of query optimization with a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). WBQOS allows the user to visualize and participate in query optimization, which enhances the learning process.

Whenever one designs a new database system, an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ER diagram) is always needed to present the structure of this database. Using the graphically well-arranged ER Diagram helps you to easily understand the entities, attributes, domains, primary keys, foreign keys, constraints, and relationships inside a database. This data-modeling tool is an ideal choice for companies and developers.

I mätrummet på Sandvik Coromant finns en lösning för att visualisera maskinhälsa, mäthistorik och servicetider för olika mätinstrument. Lösningen för datavisualiseringen nyttjar verktyget Power BI och är kopplad till Excelfiler. När data väl hämtats in görs en rad modifieringar på tabellerna för att få fram visualiserbar data. Dessa modifieringar i kombination med många Excelark resulterar i att ledtiderna för att uppdatera en Power BI rapport blir väldigt långa. Nu önskas det att istället nyttja en databaslösning för den data dessa Excelfiler innehåller och därmed förbättra dessa ledtider. Således skapades en databas utifrån den data dessa Excelfiler innehöll. Power BI tillåter användaren att importera data från en databas till applikationen på två sätt, via Import Mode eller DirectQuery. Import Mode läser in samtliga tabeller som efterfrågas och lagrar dessa i minnet. DirectQuery ställer frågor direkt till databasen utifrån vad som efterfrågas. I och med denna skillnad i importsätt finns metoder för att optimera den databas som data läses in ifrån. Studien undersöker hur olika typer av indexering och olika typer av kompression av dessa index påverkar svarstiden på frågor ställda av Power BI för att besvara följande två forskningsfrågor: Hur påverkar olika typer av indexering av en databas datahämtningshastigheten vid användning av Power BI? Hur påverkar olika typer av kompression av index datahämtningshastigheten vid användning av Power BI? Studien utfördes genom att studera execution plans och exekveringshastighet för de frågor som ställdes mot databasen av Power BI. Med hjälp av T-SQL kunde exekveringshastigheten för en specifik fråga tas fram. Denna exekveringshastighet jämfördes sedan för de olika typerna av index och kompression mot exekveringshastigheten för samma fråga mot en tabell helt utan index. Detta utfördes sedan på tabeller med varierande antal rader, där antalet rader som testades var 33 001, 50 081, 100 101, 500 017 och 1 000 217. Resultatet av studien visar att för Import Mode är det bästa typen av index ett clustered rowstore index utan kompression, med undantag för tabeller med över 1 001 217 rader där radkompression presterade bättre. För DirectQuery presterade non-clustered rowstore index bäst, men för vilken kompression var resultatet tvetydigt. Detta eftersom samtliga typer av kompression presterade bäst för olika antal rader i tabellen. För tabeller med fler än 500 017 rader presterade dock ingen kompression allra bäst. / In the measurement room at Sandvik Coromant there is a solution for visualizing machine health, measurement history and service times for different measuring instruments. The data visualization solution uses Power Bi and connects to Excel files. Once the data has been collected, a number of modifications are made on the tables to produce something that is possible to visualize. These modifications in combination with many Excel sheets result in very long lead times for updating a Power BI report. Now it is desired to use a database solution for the data contained in the Excel files and thus improve these lead times. For this, a database was created based on the data that these Excel files contained. Power BI allows the user to import data from a database into the application in two ways, via Import Mode or DirectQuery. Import Mode loads all the requested tables and stores them in memory. DirectQuery runs queries directly to the database, based on what is requested. Due to this difference, there are methods to optimize the database from which the data is loaded. This study examines how different types of indexing and different types of compression affect the response time for queries ran by Power BI to answer the following two research questions: How do different types of indexing affect a database's data retrieval rate when using Power BI? How do different types of compression affect the data retrieval rate when using Power BI? This was done by studying execution plans and execution rate for the queries that was done towards the database by Power BI. With the help of T-SQL, the execution rate for a specific query was obtained. The execution rate for different types of index and compression was then compared against a table without an index. This was then performed on tables with varying numbers of rows, where the numbers of rows that were tested was 33 001, 50 081, 100 101, 500 017 and 1 000 217. The results of the study show that for Import Mode, the best type of index is a clustered rowstore index without compression, with the exception of tables with over 1 001 217 rows where row compression performed better. For DirectQuery, non-clustered rowstore index performed best, but for which compression the result was ambiguous. This was because all types of compression performed best for different number of rows in the table. However, for tables with more than 500 017 rows, no compression performed best.

The aim of this thesis is to create a client xDB database, which supports visualization and management of XML documents and schemas. The first part deals with the introduction of XML, XML schemas (DTD, XML Schema, RelaxNG, etc.) and contextual technologies. After that the thesis deals with the problem of the XML persistence and it focuses on mapping techniques necessary for an efficient storage in a relational database. The main part is devoted to the design and implementation of client application XML Admin, which is programmed in Java. The application uses the XML:DB interface to communicate with the xDB database. It supports storing XML documents to a collection and the XPath language for querying them. The final section is devoted to application performance testing and comparison with existing native database eXist.