To meet the objectives set by the thesis it was needed to carry out structural analysis of the Integrated Rescue System. Based on this analysis, statistical survey using descriptive methods and mathematical statistics was conducted. Statistical survey is based on the results of the questionnaire survey carried out in two groups of respondents from both the general and professional public. The respondents were chosen as a representative sample of citizens of the district Strakonice, which was specified in a separate chapter. The presence of the normal distribution of knowledge in the general public was then verified, on the contrary, in the professional public the presence of Poisson distribution was surveyed. The difference in the level of knowledge between the two groups of respondents was determined. To achieve the set objectives of the research three hypotheses were established: H1. The empirical distribution of knowledge of the general public can be replaced by the normal distribution at the level of mathematical statistics. H2. The empirical distribution of knowledge of the professional public is more remote to the normal distribution due to a higher level of knowledge. H3. There is a statistically significant difference between the knowledge of both groups of respondents. All 3 hypotheses were verified and accepted, with a positive result confirming the established hypotheses. In the "Discussion", analysis of the obtained results and confirmation of the established hypotheses H1, H2 and H3, together with proposed measures that could increase knowledge of the IRS in both groups of respondents, is presented.

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des tests du type : (H0) : E [U | X] = 0 p.s. contre (H1) : P {E [U | X] = 0} < 1 où U est le résidu de la modélisation d'une variable Y en fonction de X. Dans ce cadre et pour plusieurs cas particuliers – significativité de variables, régression quantile, données fonctionnelles, modèle single-index –, nous proposons une statistique de test permettant d'obtenir des valeurs critiques issues d'une loi asymptotique pivotale. Dans chaque cas, nous donnons également une méthode de bootstrap appropriée pour les échantillons de petite taille. Nous montrons la consistance envers des alternatives locales – ou à la Pitman – des tests proposés, lorsque ce type d'alternative ne tend pas trop vite vers l'hypothèse nulle. À chaque fois, nous vérifions à partir de simulations sous l'hypothèse nulle et sous une séquence d'hypothèses alternatives que les résultats théoriques sont en accord avec la pratique. / In this thesis, we study test statistics of the form : (H0) : E [U | X] = 0 p.s. contre (H1) : P {E [U | X] = 0} < 1 where U is the residual of some Y modeling with respect to covariates X. In this setup and for several particular cases – significance, quantile regression, functional data, single-index model –, we introduce test statistics that have pivotal asymptotic critical values. For each case, we also give a suitable bootstrap procedure for small samples. We prove the consistency against local – or Pitman – alternatives for the proposed test statistics, when such an alternative does not get close to the null hypothesis too fast. Simulation studies are used to check the effectiveness of the theoretical results in applications.