Recent results from cognitive psychology suggest that human behavior can be, in some situations, better described by laws known from physical quantum theory. This work responds to this development and seeks to answer the question of how quantum models of cognition and decision-making can contribute to our understanding of the social world. We introduce the approaches to the application of quantum theory in social sciences - quantum consciousness, quantum reasoning and quantum metaphor and further develop the second, in the context of strategic interaction in game theory. We show that the quantum model corresponds to both the psychological intuition and many empirically known anomalies such as the order effect, disjunction effect, or context effect. In this work, we derive a specific model of strategic interaction between two players, and we test it in the experimental Prisoner's Dilemma game. The model is based on the rational choice theory, which is nevertheless re-defined when it is shown how the strategic choice is changed if the quantum probability (C*-algebra) is used as the underlying theory instead of classical probability (σ-algebra). The results obtained support the quantum model and showed a different representation of the game among various groups of players. The quantum model of...

In the following thesis we studied the development of performance motivation of pupils and its possible mutual connection with external evaluation according to relation norms. In the theoretical part we deal with scientific solutions of terms as performance motivation and relation norm. Mainly we concentrate on the analysis of the so called process model of performance motivation and on the analysis of types of relation norms. We also investigate in detail the issues of genesis of fear and anxiety of individuals during performance activities. We also occupy ourselves with the issues of causal attributions and different perspectives of term range of internal and external motivation. Subsequently, we made causal links between theoretical solutions and school performance. In this part we refer in particular to works of Heckhausen and Rheinberg. In the practical part we present a research, which is focused on the search for links between the use of individual relation norms in pedagogical situations of a teaching lesson and the development of performance motivation of pupils. In the research we took advantage of combination of quantitative and qualitative investigation. Triangulation of these methods helped us to understand better the contemporary school reality and to obtain relatively clear and...

This thesis deals with issues surrounding the management of IS/ICT projects, primarily from the point of view of ČSN ISO/IEC norms. I will list and analyse those norms used to define important indicators and processes, which are subsequently mapped to PMBOK process groups. Every norm is accompanied by a brief evaluation describing its suitability for use in IS/ICT projects, its anticipated benefits and the approach taken in its application. The next part of the thesis consists of an analysis of norms from the point of view of methods of estimation in the planning of IS/ICT projects. An analysis is made of the majority of norms that directly or tangentially affect estimation in the planning of IS/ICT projects. The practical section of the thesis contains a metric for the monitoring of projects from the point of view of ISO/IEC norms and the dissemination of the "MMaHPISICTv5.7" model, as created by Ondřej Kmoníček in the thesis "Sledování a vyhodnocování IT projektů - Monitoring and Evaluation of IT Projects" [38]. The model is supplemented by ISO/IEC metrics and also other functionalities, focussing primarily on the depiction of individual metrics over a period of time.