M.Sc. (Geology) / The study area is subdivided into seven tectonic domains, viz. Bandelierkop, Southern Beit Bridge Complex, Alldays, Hestern Transvaal, Soutpansberg, Waterberg and Lebombo domains. The Bandelierkop domain comprises the Southern Marginal Zone of the Limpopo Belt (Bdl) and the northern portion of the Kaapvaal craton (Bd2). Bdl is characterized by the presence of highly disrupted xenoliths of pelitic and mafic supracrustal rocks distributed in a "s ea " of granitic ·material. This contrasts with the much bigger supracrustal xenoliths in Bd2, i.e. the greenstone belt relicts. The granulite facies rocks of Bdl may have been upthrust roughly from south to north along one or more south-dipping thrust faults soling into a gently-dipping to flatlying basal shear zone. Since this model reveals the existence of the Kaapvaal craton partly on edge, the progressively higher grade of regional metamorphism (from greenschist to granulite facies) encountered in the Bandelierkop domain, from south (Bd2) to north (Bdl), could express the transition from upper crust to lower crust as exposed on the present land surface. The structural trends found in Bdl and Bd2 are not strictly confined to either area, and some overlapping exists. The most distinct structural trend in Bdl is a west-northwest fold trend, a northeast fold trend also being recognized in the eastern portion of Bdl. Bd2 exhibits f~ld trends varying from west-northwest to northeast in orientation; in this area there is ample evidence for the later nature of the northwest- to west-northwest oriented folding event. The east-northeast- to northeast folding is con~ dered to represent an event independent of the effect of deformation of the Kudus River shear zone to which this folding was previously thought to be related.The portion of the Central Zone of the Limpopo Belt falling within South African territory comprises the Alldays and Southern Beit Br_idge Compl ex (SBBCd) doma tn s., There exists a marked contrast between the roughly north trending fold trends of the Alldays domain and the east-northeast fold structure of the southernmost part of the Central Zone, the SBBCd. The relatively gentle plunges of the fold structure of the Alldays domain may have accentuated the size of the regional folds in this region. The SBBCd occupies a narrow east-northeast oriented strip extending immediately south of the Alldays domain, where tightly folded gneisses and metasedim~nts are exposed. all strata are strongly aligned in the regionally extensive eastnortheast direction. A contrasting difference between the SBBCd and the surrounding Precambrian terranes is clear, as the former domain conveys a relatively higher strain; this evidence of heterogeneous strain suggests that the SBBCd represents a shear zone. The shearing movement may have been of thrust type, consistent with the thrust model referred to above, and the SBBCd may be regarded as the thrust plane. In'iiew of the steeply-dipping, south-southwest oriented fold axes known to exist along part of the SBBCd (area south of Messina), it would appear that, at least in that area, the thrust movement would have been towards the north-northeast. A late, involved history of deformation followed in the SBBCd, during which one or more episodes of wrench-type movement may have taken place. The Soutpansberg domain is a relatively narrow and long fault zone of Proterozoic to Phanerozoic age that separates 'mobile belt' environment to the north, from 'cratonic' environment to the south. A linked fault system characterized by south-dipping, normal listric faults soling into ? gently-dipping major detachment surface may account for the structural pattern of this domain. The thrust system referred to above, which developed earlier in the geological history of the region along the Limpopo Belt - Kaapvaal craton boundary, may have controlled the late extensional displacement in the Soutpansberg domain. The overall structure of the Waterberg domain would seem to be controlled by the superimposition of northeastand northwest oriented gentle folds and, with the exception of locally intense deformation in the early Waterberg basin, would appear to have developed on a relatively stable portion of crust. The structure of the Lebombo domain is characterized by a north-south striking monocline with gentle east dip. Most of the lineaments inferred from the aeromagnetic survey of the study area originate from dyke intrusions. Faulting, fracturing and shearing are less clearly manifested in the pattern of the aeromagnetic contour maps, instead they are better correlated with the lineaments inferre~ from LANDSAT imagery and from the drainage patterns of the region.

This dissertation intends to reconstruct accurately the events in the vicinity of the Pretoria-Pietersburg railway during the South African War (Anglo-Boer War) of 1899-1902 that influenced both the Boer and British war efforts and comment on the role played by the railway line in such events. The research question at the centre of this dissertation is the role and impact of the Pretoria-Pietersburg railway line on the trajectory of the War. / Dissertation (MSocSci (History))--University of Pretoria, 2020. / 2022/12/30 / Historical and Heritage Studies / MSocSci (History) / Restricted

Bibliography: pages 58-62. / This study focuses on stories of witchcraft within the Batlokwa - a sub-group of the Northern Sotho community living in the northern Transvaal. Having grown up in this society where witchcraft beliefs are predominant, my fears, as a child, of witches were very real. In later life I have attempted to ignore these fears. However, I do not think they will ever disappear entirely, as I will never be able to extricate myself from my origins. This experience of the dangerous witch is one of the reasons that compelled me to respond pictorially to some of these perceptions for the purpose of highlighting the concerns of ordinary people and the extent to which they have been affected by belief in witchcraft. My paintings are a translation of real and unreal incidents fused together producing a visual narrative.

This study was carried out in Lebow a Bantustan, situated in the Northern Transvaal Region of the Republic of South Africa. This study covered the period 1989 to 1992. This period was marked by considerable unrest and upheaval in Black education. The Black education crisis was compounded by a political climate created by the unbanning of political parties, release of political prisoners and the return of exiles in 1990, whereby several petitions for demands were handed over to the LED's Head Office and Circuit Offices, among others, by teachers (LED Annual Report, 1990: 20). The following factors were, inter alia, identified as having contributed to the educational crisis in Lebowa bantustan (LED Annual Report, 1990: 22): - * * * * * * * general campaign waged by some teachers for lawlessness, defiance and intimidation of authority; the influence of external organisations on the schools; backlogs in the provisioning of basic educational facilities; irrelevant school curriculum; teacher's low morale; lack of meaningful parental involvement in education; and limited participative decision-making and management in the schools. The mentioned factors aroused dissatisfaction and discontent among teachers. Furthermore, teachers considered education provided by the LED as perpetuating apartheid, characterised by vast disparities and uneven distribution of resources. The protesting teachers started to share this discontent. In the words of Jenkins and Perrow (1977: 250) when widespread and shared discontent increases, collective efforts to alleviate this state of affairs occur. In the case of protesting teachers the South African Democratic Teachers' Union was founded. The focus of this study, therefore, will be to describe and analyze the occurrences and effects of teacher protest activities in Lebowa for the period between 1989 and 1992. The more specific research questions will concern: * Socio-political, administrative, demographic, physical, financial and educational conditions existed, in which a teacher protest movement could take root. These factors aroused discontent and a resultant general belief among some teachers that the education received by blacks was inferior; * Transformation of collective beliefs into collective actions and mobilisation. * Teachers became convinced that movement participation was an effective way of redressing grievances. As such SADTU attempted to mobilise consensus among the protesting teachers. Consensus mobilisation was done through the aid of frame alignment processes (e.g. bridging, amplification and transformation) and four group processes (e.g. consciousness-raising, collective empowerment, polarisation and collective decision-making). The latter created a willingness to sacrifice personal welfare for a collective cause; and the impact of teacher protest activities on the Lebowa government, the LED's official duties, pupil/student performances and the parents. Not only did the disruptions and protests retard the learning process in schools, but also contributed towards the poor std 10 examination results. The LED officials were adversely affected by these actions. Some teachers and principals were intimidated and threatened (Case Register no's: 123/11/91 at Police stations and 48/10/92 at Gompies Police Station). Protesting teachers advocated for defiance campaigns against LED's authorities, inspectors and principals (TUATA, 1990: 26). Parents and community at large lost trust and confidence in the teachers for the education of their children. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 1995. / gm2014 / Humanities Education / unrestricted

M.Phil. / With this study the better understanding of the skills in, the background with relation to and the attitude towards communicative Afrikaans of .a specific group of Public Administration students of the Technikon Northern-Transvaal is investigated. The focus is principally on the socio-cultural factors that influence the mastering of Afrikaans. The reseach design, including the problem identification, is vested in the theoretical Vygotskyan concept of zone of proximal development. Founded on the theories of both MM Bakhtin and LS Vygotsky, the researcher establishes an own interpretation of the zone of proximal development, when she proposes an integration thereof with the H-model as thought heuristics (Henning 1996). According to this integrated model, the study of students' zone of proximal development in Afrikaans as foreign language encompasses the study of: their language skills; their knowledge of the language; personal and socio-cultural influences; and their metalinguistic skills. This exposition serves as framework for data gathering, data analysis and chapter division. The format of the study is that of case studies which implies that an in-depth investigation is done of various types of data - obtained from a quantitatively small, but sociologically representative group of Public Adminsitration students, The various types of data which are referred to, are: data from talks delivered; written texts; data from listening and reading protocols; and data from interviews. With the interpretation of the data an attempt is not only made to come to an own understanding ("verstehen" - Weber (1958)) of the community of learners' experience and usage of Afrikaans, but also to cultivate a sensitivity for this with the wider teaching and research community.