Submitted by PPG Zoologia (zoologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-23T11:52:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Filogenia e Taxonomia de Rhoadsiinae_Rafael_Lugo_Homologa??o.pdf: 7274621 bytes, checksum: f11a71c774a89d99057951217d2d2321 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-05T14:07:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Filogenia e Taxonomia de Rhoadsiinae_Rafael_Lugo_Homologa??o.pdf: 7274621 bytes, checksum: f11a71c774a89d99057951217d2d2321 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-05T14:14:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Filogenia e Taxonomia de Rhoadsiinae_Rafael_Lugo_Homologa??o.pdf: 7274621 bytes, checksum: f11a71c774a89d99057951217d2d2321 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Rhoadsiinae is one of the 15 subfamilies that compose the family Characidae, proposed in 1911 by Fowler. Its distribution is exclusively trans-Andean and is found in Ecuador, Panama, Colombia, Peru, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua. A combined matrix of morphological and molecular data was analyzed in a scheme of total evidence. Fiftyfour morphological characters were collected, 36 of which were obtained from the literature and 18 were new, for 15 terminal taxa. Amplifications were performed for the genes 16S, COI, Cytb, Myh6 and RAG2, which were also analyzed separately, using probabilistic Bayesian analysis, performed on the CIPRES website. The parsimony analysis was performed in the TNT software, through an exact search (Implicit enumeration) and a heuristic procedure of a thousand Random Addition Sequence (RAS) interactions followed by Tree Bissection Reconnection (TBR) tree rearrangements. The analyzes recovered a single maximally parsimonious tree with 2604 steps, consistency index 0.60 and retention index 0.45. The results corroborate the monophyly of Rhoadsiinae. The subfamily is composed of seven species divided in four genera, six of which are described in previous works and a new genus and species is described in this paper, provisionally named New T?xon "Panam?". In addition, it is demonstrated that the clade of Rhoadsia is the sister to all other genera of the subfamily; Carlana eigenmanni and New T?xon "Panam?" are sister group to each other. The phylogenetic relationships between the species are represented as follows: ((Rhoadsia altipinna + Rhoadsia minor) + ((Carlana eigenmanni + New T?xon "Panama") + (Parastremma sadina (Parastremma pulchrum + Parastremma album)))). / Rhoadsiinae ? uma das quinze subfam?lias que comp?e a fam?lia Characidae, proposta em 1911 por Fowler, sua distribui??o ? exclusivamente transandina, encontrada no Equador, Panam?, Col?mbia, Peru, Costa Rica e Nicar?gua. Foi utilizada uma matriz combinada de dados morfol?gicos e moleculares, em um esquema de evid?ncia total, para a an?lise filogen?tica. Foram levantados 54 caracteres morfol?gicos, do quais 36 foram retirados da literatura pr?-existente e 18 s?o novos, para 15 t?xons terminais. Foram realizadas amplifica??es para os genes 16S, COI, Cytb, Myh6 e RAG2, que foram tamb?m analisados separadamente, utilizando an?lise probabil?stica Bayesiana, realizada no portal CIPRES. A an?lise de parcim?nia foi realizada no software TNT, atrav?s de busca exata (Implicit enumeration) e um procedimento heur?stico de mil intera??es de Random Addition Sequence (RAS) seguidas de rearranjos de ramos Tree Bissection Reconnection (TBR). As an?lises resgataram uma ?nica ?rvore maximamente parcimoniosa com 2604 passos, ?ndice de consist?ncia 0.60 e ?ndice de reten??o 0.45. Os resultados corroboram o monofiletismo de Rhoadsiinae. A subfam?lia ? composta por sete esp?cies dividas em quatro g?neros, sendo seis delas descritas em trabalhos anteriores e um novo g?nero e esp?cie descrito neste trabalho, denominado provisoriamente como Novo T?xon ?Panam??. Adicionalmente, o clado de Rhoadsia ? o grupo irm?o de todos os demais g?neros da subfam?lia; Carlana eigenmanni e Novo T?xon ?Panam?? s?o grupos irm?os. As rela??es filogen?ticas entre as esp?cies s?o representadas a seguir: ((Rhoadsia altipinna + Rhoadsia minor) + ((Carlana eigenmanni + Novo T?xon ?Panam??) + (Parastremma sadina (Parastremma pulchrum + Parastremma album)))).