Thesis (M.S.)--Nuclear and Radiological Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Stacey, Weston M.; Committee Co-Chair: de Oliveira, Cassiano R.E.; Committee Member: Hertel, Nolan; Committee Member: van Rooijen, Wilfred F.G.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1997. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-78). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. / Committee Chair: van Rooijen, Wilfred; Committee Member: Hertel, Nolan; Committee Member: Stacey, Weston

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1958.

Thesis (Degrees of Naval Engineer and M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. / "June 2006." Description based on title screen as viewed on June 1, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Maintenance, Diesel Engines, Nuclear Reactors, Generators, Nuclear Powered Submarines, Commerce, Emergencies, Submarines, Standby Generators, Backup Systems, Auxiliary Power Plants, Naval Vessels, Navy, Propulsion Systems, Electric Power, Supplies. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S. in Physics)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2010. / Thesis Advisor(s): Rodeback, G. W. "January 1962." Description based on title screen as viewed on June 2, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Research Reactors, Hafnium, Half Life, Pneumatic Equipment, Measuring Instruments, Reactor Cores, Shielding, Detection, Gamma Emission, Computer Programming, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactive Decay, Mixtures, Scintillation Counters, Isotopes, Least Squares Method. DTIC Identifier(s): AGN-201 Reactors, Fortran. Includes bibliographical references (p. 25). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 13, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

This study concerns four high performance structural alloys designed to withstand the extreme temperature and irradiation environment inside fusion and fission fast breeder reactors: two Reduced Activation Ferritic Martensitic (RAFM) steels (Fe-14wt%Cr and a European standard alloy EUROFER97) and two equivalent Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steels (Fe-14wt%Cr ODS (CEA ODS) and EUROFER ODS). Neutron irradiation of the samples was impractical due to timescale and specific handling requirements for radioactive samples. Instead, ion implantation was used to simulate the helium and damage of neutron irradiation. Samples of each alloy were subjected to a range of ion implantations: 75appm He, 2000appm He, 2000appm He + 4.5dpa Fe and 2000appm Ne. The matrix of four materials and five implantation conditions was analysed using the following experimental techniques: nanohardness indentation, Vickers hardness testing, micropillar compression, microcantilever bending, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). These techniques were used to compare the properties of the unimplanted materials and their response to implantation. Yield stress (σ_y) was comparable across hardness testing and microcantilever bending, and consistently showed σ_y Fe-14wt%Cr < EUROFER < EUROFER ODS < CEA ODS. When subject to helium implantation, 75appm He caused insignificant changes in σy while 2000appm He increased σ_y in all materials. This increase was most significant in Fe-14wt%Cr due to its low grain boundary density and lack of oxide/carbide particles. The particle dispersions in the other materials act as helium traps, preventing the formation of TEM visible bubbles and reducing the hardening effects of the helium. Across all results it becomes clear that, although not to the degree of the ODS materials, EUROFER is more radiation resistant than Fe-14wt%Cr. It therefore appears that it is the presence of a complex microstructure including small grains and a distribution of oxide or carbide particles, rather than the specific inclusion of oxide nanoparticles, that provides RAFM steels with superior irradiation resistance properties.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

O presente trabalho visa contribuir com o desenvolvimento sistemático de novas metodologias experimentais da medida da reatividade de arranjos físseis subcríticos, utilizando: estatísticas de alta ordem das contagens de nêutrons com detectores no modo pulso, o recente conceito de reatividade generalizada, e as instalações do reator IPEN/MB-01. Este trabalho reuniu em um só texto diversos aspectos da implementação destes tipos de medidas. Diferentemente das demais técnicas utilizadas nas medidas da reatividade subcrítica, as metodologias apresentadas neste trabalho tem o potencial para permitir a medida experimental da reatividade subcrítica sem a necessidade da estimativa prévia de quaisquer outros parâmetros cinéticos, obtidos de forma teórica ou experimental, calibração de fontes externas ou detectores.A princípio, os métodos estatísticos de alta ordem das contagens de nêutrons permitem obter diretamente o valor da subcriticalidade (ou o fator de multiplicação) de um arranjo físsil, independentemente do modelo de física subcrítica utilizado, sem a utilização de infra-estrutura diferenciada (como uma fonte pulsada de nêutrons), sendo uma extensão natural das metodologias que utilizam estatísticas de ordens inferiores - por exemplo, Feymann-. E este conteúdo estatístico diferenciado dos momentos de altas ordens das contagens de nêutrons, o principal motivador da implementação deste trabalho. Apesar de suas potencialidades, a implementação experimental do método esbarra no tempo e taxa de aquisição de dados; ou seja, na quantidade de conteúdo estatístico necessária para a obtenção de medida útil. Exatamente esta dificuldade impediu a obtenção de uma medida útil/prática nas instalações do reator IPEN/MB-01. Existem, entretanto, outras formas de explorar estatísticas ordem superior. Por exemplo, uma extensão do método de Rossi- sugerida neste trabalho pode utilizar auto bi-correlações (coincidências triplas não acidentais de contagens). A despeito do alto valor das incertezas, os aspectos estatísticos fundamentais de uma medida foram preservados nos métodos empregados neste trabalho. O método das auto bicorrelações é conceitualmente mais robusto contra as influências do tempo morto do sistema de aquisição de dados. Ao longo de sua execução, o presente trabalho visou preencher algumas lacunas de procedimentos experimentais aparentemente pouco abordadas por outros autores, permitindo estabelecer métodos estatisticamente mais rigorosos. Entre as contribuições neste sentido destacam-se, entre outras, as correções por tempo morto ou as geradas pela correlação entre os parâmetros estatísticos em tela. Do ponto de vista teórico, este trabalho sugere duas maneiras originais de abordar o mesmo problema da utilização de estatísticas de altas ordens: (a) auto bicorrelações; e (2) os biespectros de densidade de espectral de potência própria, sendo o primeiro explorado experimentalmente/estatisticamente em detalhes. / The present work aims to contribute to the systematic development of new experimental methods of measuring the reactivity of any subcritical fissile arrangements using: high-order statistics of neutron counts from neutron detectors working in pulse mode, the recent concept general reactivity, and the IPEN/MB-01 facility. This thesis brought together in a single text various aspects concerning the proper implementation of these types of measures. Unlike other techniques used in measurements of subcritical reactivity, the methodologies presented in this thesis has the potential to allow the experimental measurement of subcritical reactivity without the prior estimate of any other kinetic parameters, obtained from experiments or from theoretical considerations, external sources calibrations or detectors e ciency measurements. At first, the high-order statistical methods of neutron counts allow to obtain directly the value of the subcriticality (or multiplication factor) from an fissile arrangement regardless the type of subcritical physical theory, and also without the use of unusual infrastructure (such as a pulsed neutron source). These methods are a natural extension of those that use lower order statistics - for example, Feymann-. The greater information content in high order statistics of neutron counting is the main reason for the implementation of this work. Despite its potential, the experimental implementation of the method found huge problems concerning acquisition time and rate of data acquisition. This difficulty overcome any effort in order to obtain a useful measurement inside the IPEN/MB-01 nuclear reactor (a critical facility). However, there are other ways to exploit higher order statistics. For example, an extension of the Rossi- method suggested in this thesis used self bicorrelations. Though the high variance values of obtained results, the fundamental statistical requirements of a measurement were preserved, once the proposed methodologies are observed. It was proposed a methodology to handle dead time issues, in order to allow one to carry out measurement at higher detection rates. Throughout its execution, this thesis aimed to fulfill some gaps in the experimental procedures apparently not addressed by other authors, allowing the establishment of more rigorous statistical procedures. Regarding those contributions, dead time corrections stands out together with the concerning for correlation treatment between the statistical parameters. From the theoretical point of view, this thesis suggests two new ways to address the same problem of using high order statistics of neutron detections in pulse mode: (1) self-bicorrelations, and (2) self-bispectra (power spectral density in two axis). The first was experimentally tested and exhaustively detailed, the second one was only suggested as a theoretical speculation to be confronted against experimental evidence