Thesis--Columbia University Teachers College. / Bibliography: leaves 69-73.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1975. / Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Georgie C. Labadie. Dissertation Committee: Ruth G. Bennett. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-154).

This review of literature was conducted to evaluate research on the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions for use with neonates undergoing minimally invasive skin-breaking procedures. This review primarily focuses on the use of nonnutritive sucking, sweet solutions (such as sucrose, dextrose, etc.), and the synergistic effects of combining these therapies. Research reviewed was limited to peer-reviewed studies written in the English language that evaluated the use of nonnutritive sucking and/or sweet solutions as pain management interventions for neonates (aged 0-1 month) undergoing heel lance or venipuncture. The findings of the studies reviewed support the effiaccy of nonnutritive sucking and the administration of sweet solutions as independent interventions for neonatal pain management, and addditionally indicate that employing these interventions together offers significant synergistic analgesic effects. Further research is required to account for the effects of gestational age and blood-collection method (instrument used) on infant pain. Future studies that focus on the multimodal use of various non-pharmacologic therapies to achieve maximal possible synergistic analgesic effects are indicated. The combined use of nonnutritive sucking and sweet solutions is a simple, inexpensive, effective intervention for managing procedural pain in infants, and nurses should advocate for standardization of this intervention in clinical practice.

Pain is a multidimensional experience that involves physical, emotional, and behavioral components. It is well documented that pain in children·has been treated inadequately for over 20 years. Pain medication is often inadequate to reduce pain and has potential negative side effects. This integrative literature review examines studies that test the effectiveness of nonpharmacological pain management strategies in pediatric patients. Nonpharmacological interventions have been shown to decrease pain, distress, and anxiety in children undergoing painful procedures, such as intravenous insertion, laceration repair and burn dressing changes. Distraction techniques including listening to music, watching cartoons, looking at books, and playing virtual reality games have been studied to determine their effectiveness in reducing pain, anxiety, and distress in children. Virtual reality was the most effective in decreasing pain and anxiety. The goal of this thesis is to establish the role of the nurse as an advocate, as well as explain different methods of nonpharmacological pain management that can be used along with analgesics. Finally, this thesis will encourage additional research on the undertreatment of pain in children with acute pain.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 5, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-87).

Acute and chronic pain conditions have a significant impact on the individual who is experiencing pain and resolution of pain continues to present a challenge to nurses and other health care professionals. It is widely accepted that pain education for nurses is necessary if nurses are to deliver effective, evidenced based pain care. Although it has been shown that participation in pain education improves nurses’ pain knowledge, very little is known about the way in which nurses use their improved pain knowledge in their practice or about the conditions that promote application of that pain knowledge. The aims of this study are (a) to explore the transfer of pain knowledge from a continuing education nursing course into practice, and (b) to investigate the impact that the nurses’ participation in action research has on their ability to improve aspects of their pain practice. Participants are 14 registered nurses who successfully completed two accredited pain course units as part of their BSc / BN degree in Nursing. The nurses formed two groups of inquiry, who used both their participation in the pain course and in action research to investigate and change aspects of pain assessment and management practices within their clinical areas. The inquiry groups were located in two different Health Board locations in Scotland. Following involvement in a pain course, the strategies used by the participating nurses to enhance their pain assessment and management practices are examined. Qualitative data was obtained through individual and group interviews, and analysis of significant incidents. An action research approach contributes to an understanding of conditions that promote application of pain knowledge into practice following participation in the course, and focuses on the possibilities for action and improvement of pain care. The findings from this study demonstrate how nurses develop a more patient-centred approach to pain care and become more accountable for their pain practice. The research also identifies a range of strategies used by nurses to improve collaborative working practices with their colleagues that help to reduce some of the obstacles to delivery of effective pain care. From the outcomes of the inquiry, it is evident that these nurses’ participation in action research has increased the possibilities of their involvement in pain practice interventions. Conditions are created through pain course participation and involvement in action research, which supports nurses’ transfer of pain knowledge into practice Additionally, findings demonstrate the potential action research has for identifying problems with pain care and its potential for helping to develop relevant and workable solutions for improving aspects of care. The findings from this study are significant because they inform teaching and learning approaches which can be used with pain education that helps to prepare nurses to deliver more effective pain care within their health care settings.

Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-22T14:13:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_JulianaSilvieiraBordignon.pdf: 1594491 bytes, checksum: cb8423b2daa22b2a87543e466e4954cd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T14:13:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_JulianaSilvieiraBordignon.pdf: 1594491 bytes, checksum: cb8423b2daa22b2a87543e466e4954cd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-15 / The pain of childbirth is part of the human essence. However, some women do not refer to good experiences during their labor, even citing the pain of childbirth as the worst already felt, or far superior to what they expected. The aim of this study was to elaborate an extended systematic review of randomized clinical trials, updated to June 2017, which considers the Swiss ball as a non-pharmacological method of pain relief in labor, evaluate and list the heterogeneous points in the research methodologies of these clinical trials and to elaborate a protocol of randomized clinical trial considered "ideal" from the methodological point of view. The results of the six randomized controlled trials evaluated in the systematic review reinforce the possibility of this benefit but are limited by the poor quality of the available studies. This fact demonstrates the need to carry out new, methodologically adequate clinical trials that investigate the use of the ball in the first phase of labor. We conclude, therefore, that the use of non-invasive technologies, especially the Swiss ball, during labor should be implemented in all maternity wards, whether they are of normal risk or high risk, since it consists of an efficient, inexpensive and of easy handling and that offers to the parturients and their families a more humanized care. / A dor do parto faz parte da essência humana. Porém, algumas mulheres não remetem a boas experiências durante seus trabalhos de parto, chegando a citar a dor do parto como a pior já sentida, ou muito superior ao que esperavam. Dessa maneira, este estudo teve por objetivo elaborar uma revisão sistemática ampliada de ensaios clínicos randomizados, atualizada a junho de 2017, que contemple a temática do uso da bola suíça como método não farmacológico de alívio da dor no trabalho de parto, avaliar e listar os pontos heterogêneos nas metodologias de pesquisa desses ensaios clínicos e elaborar um protocolo de ensaio clínico randomizado considerado ―ideal‖ do ponto de vista metodológico. Os resultados dos seis ensaios clínicos randomizados avaliados na revisão sistemática reforçam a possibilidade deste benefício, mas é limitado pela baixa qualidade dos estudos disponíveis. Tal fato demonstra a necessidade de realização de novos ensaios clínicos, metodologicamente adequados, que pesquisem a utilização da bola na primeira fase do trabalho de parto. Concluímos, portanto, que o uso de tecnologias não invasivas, principalmente a bola suíça, durante o trabalho de parto deve ser implementada em todas as maternidades, sejam elas de risco habitual ou alto risco, pois consiste em uma técnica eficaz, de baixo custo e de fácil manejo e que oferece às parturientes e suas famílias um cuidado mais humanizado.

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