Qualified nurses cannot perform tasks and procedures with confidence due to ineffective mentoring by a clinical nurse during training. Effective mentoring by the clinical nurse, with an additional accredited qualification in his/her field should assist in the development and confidence of the student nurse. The purpose of this study was to explore the learner’s experience of mentoring and facilitation by the clinical nurse, challenges and their view of the clinical nurse, and if this could be a predictive factor to their level of an independent nurse practitioner at the end of training. A non-experimental, descriptive qualitative design was used to identify the experience of the students and newly qualified nurses regarding the amount and quality of facilitation given by the clinical nurse in practice. The research population consisted of all categories of student nurses currently in training as well as qualified nurses within the past year from different facilities. An online semi-structured questionnaire survey was distributed among 45 participants and feedback received by 32 anonymous participants in the public and private sector. The findings of the study indicated that not all newly qualified nurses are able to practice as independent nurses, there’s a lack in mentoring and facilitation by clinical nurses during training and that a clinical nurse should have an additional qualification to better the learner experience. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing science)

M.Cur. / Innovative and revolutionary changes in Nursing Education in South Africa have resulted in significant changes in student accompaniment. To give effect to these changes, two important aspects emerged. Firstly a facilitative process in the form of accompaniment of students and secondly the presence of a significant person to aid development of the student. THE AIM OF STUDY The overall aim of the study was to describe guidelines for effective student accompaniment during Community Health Nursing Science Clinical Practice. OBJECTIVES: to explore and describe students' needs for accompaniment during Community Health Nursing Science Clinical Practice to explore and describe the Community Health Nurses' perceived role in the accompaniment of students during Community Health Nursing Science Clinical Practice to describe guidelines for effective student accompaniment during Community Health Nursing Science Clinical Practice The study was explorative, descriptive and contextual and it used qualitative methods. The study was conducted in two phases. During phase 1 students' accompaniment needs were identified through written narrative sketches by forty second year students. Data analysis was done according to the protocol by Tesch. An interview schedule was developed from the results of phase 1 and used to guide the focus-group interview in phase 2. In phase 2, a focus-group interview was conducted with twelve Community Health Nurses to identify their perceived role in student accompaniment. In the first part of the interview an open question was asked, followed by questions based on the interview schedule. Data analysis in phase 2 was done according to the protocol by Tesch. Guidelines for effective student accompaniment during Community Health Nursing Science Clinical Practice were described based on the results of phase 1 and phase 2 namely identified students needs for accompaniment and perceived accompaniment roles by the Community Health Nurses. Trustworthiness was ensured throughout the study by adhering to Lincoln and Guba's model of trustworthiness.

LD2668 .T4 1954 S64 / Master of Science

The aim of nursing practice is to provide evidence-based care that ensures quality outcomes for patients, families, healthcare providers and the health care system. This may only occur with increased exposure to nursing research. Nursing education institutions should therefore ensure that students are prepared to provide evidence-based care by participating in and conducting research. The purpose of the study is to explore and describe the challenges faced by nurse educators in teaching research methodology and supervising undergraduate nursing students at a university in order to make recommendations to support nurse educators in teaching research and supervising research projects. Qualitative, explorative, contextual and descriptive research was conducted to explore and describe the challenges experienced by nurse educators. Data were collected through a focus group discussion. Nine nurse educators participated in the research study. Participants acknowledged that they faced challenges in teaching research methodology and supervising research projects. The challenges described pertained to human resources; research experience, competencies and guidelines; physical resources; and a lack of support from their institution’s management. Based on the challenges, recommendations were made to address the lack of specific competencies, research guidelines, student/educator ratios, physical resources and technology issues / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree in Masters of Technology in Nursing, Durban University of Technology, 2015. / Introduction Critical care nursing is one of the most stressful specialities in the nursing profession that involves caring for patients who are suffering with life threatening illness or injuries. The highly technological environment where critical care nursing is rendered is associated with a great amount of stress, frustration and burnout. The critical care nursing student needs to be prepared, mentored and supported for the role transition from student to professional nurse. Nursing education and training cannot succeed without proper theory and practice integration. Therefore, the critical care nursing environment should be supportive of the improvement of teaching and learning. Peer mentoring is one important strategy to help foster an environment that is supportive of the critical care nursing student, allowing them to grow and succeed as experts within the speciality of critical care nursing. Aim of the study The aim of the study was to explore the influence of peer mentoring on critical care nursing students’ learning outcomes in critical care units in KwaZulu- Natal. Methodology A qualitative exploratory research design was used to conduct the study. Ten nurses were recruited from the critical care units in five private and two public hospitals. Descriptions of their experiences were gained through individual face-to-face interviews. The broad question to the participants was: “What influence does peer mentoring have on the critical nurses’ learning outcomes in the critical care unit?” iii Results The findings of the study revealed that peer mentoring is a vital strategy in helping the critical care nursing students to attain their learning outcomes so that they will be proficient in the critical care unit. Peer mentoring was however, not consistent in all hospitals and the critical care nursing students were not given the necessary support and supervision. There were no structured support systems in place to ensure that peer mentoring was formalized and that all required nursing personnel took on the responsibility to teach and facilitate learning for critical care nursing students. Recommendations Recommendations were made with regards to policy development, service provision, nursing education and research. These include that a formalized mentorship programme should be incorporated into the core competencies of all qualified critical care nurses, and to be reflected in their performance appraisal in order to motivate the registered nurses to fulfil their independent function as teachers. Each unit mentor should familiarize him/herself with the prescribed learning objectives of the critical care nursing student in order to be able to delegate appropriately so that learning outcomes are achieved by the mentee. There should be an allocation of supernumerary time for the critical care nursing student and their mentor to allow time for formal mentoring responsibilities to take place away from the clinical area, to facilitate assessment and feedback, and enhance consolidation. Ongoing evidencebased practice research should be conducted on this topic, to provide more information on how peer mentoring effects the mentee, nursing education and retention of skilled staff.

Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The 21st century teaching environment is unique in its diversity, and challenges academic staff to create a teaching environment that is conducive to all current learners. Various teaching methods are available and affordable, but technology remains an essential investment for the future of higher education institutions. The goal of the study was to evaluate the perceptions of student nurses regarding the effectiveness of the teaching methods which they experienced at a nursing college in the Western Cape Province. The objectives included an evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching methods as perceived and experienced by students of: - The traditional (green/whiteboard) lecture - Group activity - Self-activity - The use of technology such as PowerPoint presentations and video clips. An explorative descriptive research design was applied with a quantitative approach. The target population (N=1238) consisted of nursing students following the programme leading to registration as a professional nurse. Stratified random sampling was used to select the sample of participants (n=267). Data was collected personally by the researcher with a self-administered questionnaire which consisted of predominantly closed questions. Ethics approval to conduct this study was obtained from Stellenbosch University including permission from all other relevant parties. Reliability and validity of the study were assured through a pilot study, consultation with experts in nursing, education and statistics. The reliability of the questions were tested using the Cronbach alpha coefficient test which varied between .89 and .94. The data was analysed with the support of a statistician and was expressed as frequencies in tables and histograms. Descriptive statistics and post-hoc analyses including tests for statistical associations were performed. Results include a significant difference in generation X participants and the green/whiteboard teaching methods (Spearman p-value = 0.02) and their preference of the traditional lecture as a teaching method (Spearman p-value = <0.01). The perceived effectiveness of the teaching methods on student performance varied between very helpful and not helpful. Only (n = 49/19%) of participants experienced the traditional lecture as being very helpful on their general academic performance, in comparison to the effect of group work (n = 69/26%) and self-activity (n = 102/39%). Furthermore, no significant results were obtained between the participants and the perceived effect of the teaching methods. Open-ended questions showed that participants regarded the teaching strategies as boring and ancient and that much of the unhappiness expressed stems from the difference in the needs of millennials and the lack of change and obstinacy existing amongst academics. Recommendations include an increase in the use of technology, a blended approach to teaching, the re-training of academic staff, measures in counteracting a boring classroom environment, orientation for neophyte academics and students, workload perception of students and class size. In conclusion should recommendations be implemented a complete transformation of the college under study will result. It may force the education institution to move out of complacency, to a more vigorous and dynamic education environment that enables them to emerge as an Higher Education Institution (HEI) of good standing. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die een-en-twintigste-eeuse onderwysomgewing is uniek wat betref diversiteit en daag akademiese personeel uit om teenswoordig ’n onderwysomgewing te skep wat bevorderlik is vir alle leerders. Verskeie onderwysmetodes is beskikbaar en bekostigbaar, maar tegnologie bly ’n noodsaaklike belegging vir die toekoms van hoër onderwysinstansies. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die effektiwiteit van die gebruik van onderwysmetodes wat waargeneem en ondervind word deur studentverpleegkundiges by ’n spesifieke Verpleegkollege in die Wes-Kaap, te evalueer. Die doelwitte sluit in die evaluering aangaande die effektiwiteit soos waargeneem en ondervind deur studente van die volgende onderwysmetodes: - Die tradisionele groen/witbord lesing - Groepaktiwiteit - Selfaktiwiteit - Die gebruik van tegnologie soos PowerPoint-aanbiedings en video-insetsels. ’n Ondersoekende, beskrywende navorsingsontwerp met ’n kwantitatiewe benadering is toegepas. Die teikengroep is (n=1238) wat uit verpleegstudente bestaan wat die program vir die van ’n geregistreerde professionele verpleegster volg. ’n Gestratifieerde ewekansige steekproef is gebruik om die deelnemers (n=267) te selekteer. Data is self deur die navorser ingesamel deur gebruik te maak van ’n selfgeadministreerde vraelys wat hoofsaklik uit geslote vrae bestaan het. Etiese goedkeuring om die studie na te vors, is verkry van die Universtiteit van Stellenbosch, asook die van al die betrokke partye. Betroubaarheid en geldigheid van die studie is verseker deur ’n loodsondersoek, sowel as raadpleging met deskundiges op die gebied van Verpleging, Opvoedkunde en Statistiek. Die betroubaaarheid van die vrae is getoets deur gebruik te maak van die Cronbach-alpha koëffisiënt toets wat tussen .89 en .94 gevarieer het. Die data is geanaliseer met die ondersteuning van ’n statistikus en word voorgestel as frekwensies in tabelle en histogramme. Beskrywende statistieke en post-hoc analises, insluitende toetse vir statistiese assossiasies, is uitgevoer. Resultate sluit in ’n beduidende verskil in generasie x-deelnemers en die groen- of witbord onderwysmetodes (Spearman p-waarde = 0.02) en hul voorkeur vir die tradisionele lesing as ’n onderrigmetode (Spearman p-aarde >0.01). Die effektiwiteit van die onderwysmetodes op studenteprestasies wat waargeneem is, varieer tussen baie waardevol en van geen waarde nie. Slegs (n=49/19%) van die deelnemers het die tradisionele lesing as baie waardevol vir hul algemene akademiese prestasie ervaar, in vergelyking met die effek van groepwerk (n=69/26%) en self-aktiwiteit (n=102/39%). Vervolgens, is geen beduidende resultate verkry tussen die deelnemers en die effek van die onderrigmetodes wat waargeneem is nie. Ope vrae bewys dat deelnemers die onderwysstrategieë as vervelig en verouderd beskou en dat baie van die ongelukkigheid wat deurgevoer is, voortspruit uit die verskil in die behoeftes van die milleniums en die gebrek aan geneentheid, asook halsstarrigheid by akademici om te verander. Aanbevelings sluit in ’n toename in die gebruik van tegnologie, ’n saamgestelde benadering tot onderrig, die heropleiding van akademiese personeel, maatstawwe om ’n vervelige klaskameratmosfeer teen te werk, oriëntering vir neofiet akademici en studente se persepsie van werklading en klasgrootte. Ten slotte, indien aanbevelings geïmplementeer word, sal ’n volslae transformasie van die kollege onder die soeklig, plaasvind. Dit mag die opvoedkundige instansie forseer om te beweeg vanuit ’n toestand van gemaksugtigheid na ’n meer ondernemende en dinamiese onderrigomgewing wat in staat sal wees om as ’n Hoër Onderwysinstansie van formaat te funksioneer.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Exposure to the clinical learning environment forms an essential part of nursing education. Being a nurse lecturer in the private sector, the researcher observed that bridging course learners do not always perform academically as satisfactorily as they should. For the purpose of the current study, the researcher investigated enrolled bridging course learners’ perspectives related to factors influencing their learning in the clinical environment. The study focused on bridging course learners in the private sector. The objectives of the study were to determine whether the following was valid for the population under consideration: - a shortage of staff is a barrier to learning in the clinical environment; - an orientation programme has been implemented for bridging course learners in the clinical environment; - bridging course learners in the clinical environment have to take charge of wards; - the attitude of staff members is a barrier to the learners’ learning experience. - there is a learner/mentor relationship in the clinical environment; - opportunities to gain practical competence exist in the clinical environment. An exploratory descriptive design with a predominantly quantitative approach was applied. The population for the study consisted of bridging course learners at the three private nursing colleges in the Cape metropolitan area (N = 89). Due to the small size of the population, all available learners who voluntarily gave consent were included in the study. The sample size for this study constituted 62% (n = 55) of the target population. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and both open and closed ended questions were used. Reliability and validity were assured by means of a pilot study and the use of experts in the field of nursing education and statistics. Data were collected personally by the researcher. Ethical approval was obtained from the Committee for Human Science Research at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Stellenbosch University. Statistical associations were determined using the Spearman and Mann-Whitney U tests. The results of this study are presented in percentages and tables. The majority (n = 46/84%) of the participants disagreed that the staffing in units was sufficient. Most (n = 40/73%) participants disagreed with the statement that working conditions were conducive to learning. Qualitative analysis revealed that the participants perceived the clinical environment to be hostile, and the majority (n = 47/85%) of the participants agreed that staff members had a negative attitude towards them. Furthermore, only five (n = 5/9%) participants indicated that they always spent time with their mentor, and the majority (n = 36/65%) of the participants disagreed with the statement that they could achieve specific outcomes before moving to another ward. A shortage of staff, being placed in charge of wards in the absence of a registered nurse, negative attitudes of staff members, and the lack of a mentor–learner relationship were identified as factors that impacted negatively on learning in the clinical environment. Several recommendations, grounded in the study findings, were identified, including: - Sufficient staff should be on duty to improve the learning environment, in order for learners to achieve their outcomes according to the curriculum. - Learners should receive adequate supervision and support. - Sufficient time should be allocated for practical procedures, such as releasing learners on practical days to practise procedures. Factors influencing enrolled bridging course learners’ learning experiences in the clinical environment were identified. Strategies to address these factors may improve their clinical experiences and ultimately their clinical competence. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Blootstelling aan kliniese leer omgewing is ’n grondliggende deel van verpleegonderrig. As ’n verpleeglektrise in die privaat sektor, het die navorser tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat oorbruggingsleerders nie akademies na wense presteer nie. Vir die doel van hierdie studie het die navorser die faktore geëvalueer wat die kliniese onderrig van oorbruggingsleerders gedurende hul plasing in die kliniese omgewing beïnvloed. Die ondersoek konsentreer op oorbruggingsleerders wat in die privaat sektor werk. Die oogmerke van die studie was om te bepaal of: - ’n personeeltekort onderrig in die kliniese omgewing belemmer; - daar ’n oriënteringsprogram vir oorbruggingsleerders bestaan; - oorbruggingsleerders die bevel oor eenhede moet oorneem; - leerders personeelgesindhede as ’n hindernis ervaar; - daar ’n leerder/mentor-verhouding in die kliniese omgewing is; - geleenthede vir praktiese onderrig geskep word. ’n Beskrywende, verkennende studie met ’n oorwegend kwantitatiewe benadering is uitgevoer. Die studiebevolking was oorbruggingsleerders (N = 89) wat die drie privaat verpleegkolleges in die Kaapse metropool verteenwoordig. As gevolg van die klein populasie het alle leerders wat vrywillig hul toestemming verleen het, aan die studie deelgeneem. Gevolglik is ’n steekproef (n = 55/62%) van die teikenpopulasie geneem. Die navorser het ’n semi-gestruktureerde vraelys gebruik om data in te win en beide oop en toe vrae was gevra. Betroubaarheid en geldigheid is deur middel van ’n proefstudie sowel as die gebruik van deskundiges op die gebied van verpleegonderrig en statistiek verseker. Die navorser het die data persoonlik ingesamel. Etiese goedkeuring is van die Gesondheidsnavorsingsetiekkomitee van die Fakulteit Geneeskunde en Gesondheidswetenskappe van die Universiteit Stellenbosch verkry. Statistiese korrelasies is met behulp van die Spearman- en Mann-Whitney-U-toetse ondersoek. Die resultate van die studie word in die vorm van persentasies en tabelle aangebied. Die meeste deelnemers (n = 46/84%) reken daar is nie voldoende personeel in die sale nie. Voorts dink die meeste (n=40/73%) ook dat werksomstandighede nie onderrig bevorder nie. Kwalitatiewe ontleding toon dat die deelnemers die kliniese omgewing as bedreigend beskou, en die meeste (n = 47/85%) is dit ook eens dat personeel ’n negatiewe houding teenoor hulle openbaar. Slegs vyf deelnemers (n = 5/9%) het aangedui dat hulle altyd tyd saam met hulle mentor deurbring, terwyl die meeste (n = 36/65%) erken dat hulle nie hulle studie-uitkomste bereik alvorens hulle na ’n ander saal oorgeplaas word nie. Die studie bevind dat ’n personeeltekort, om in bevel van eenhede geplaas te word in die afwesigheid van ‘n geregistreerde verpleegkundige, personeel se negatiewe houding, en die gebrek aan ’n mentor/leerder-verhouding van die faktore is wat onderrig in die kliniese omgewing benadeel. Verskeie aanbevelings word op grond van die studiebevindinge gedoen. Dit sluit die volgende in: - Daar behoort genoegsame personeel aan diens te wees om die onderrigomgewing vir leerders te verbeter en hulle sodoende in staat te stel om hul studie-uitkomste volgens die kurrikulum te behaal. - Behoorlike toesig oor leerders moet verseker word. - Leerders behoort op praktiese dae van ander werk vrygestel te word ten einde hul prosedures te voltooi. Faktore wat die leer ervaring van oorbruggings leerders in die kliniese omgewing beinvloed was identifiseer. Strategieë wat hierdie faktore adresseer, kan hulle kliniese ervaring asook hul kliniese vaardigheid verbeter.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The issue of attrition of undergraduate participant nurses has remained a concern for an extremely long time. Attrition has been labelled as complex and in order to understand attrition it is important to pay attention to the rate, reasons and trends in South Africa. To understand attrition in South Africa, the trends internationally need to be taken into account to determine whether South Africa has a unique problem. Due to the enormous financial cost to the state and the students’ self-confidence, as well as their belief and understanding of why all the systems that have been put into place fail, it has become a concern. The reasons why students choose nursing and their academic progress throughout secondary schooling should give a clear indication to the educational authorities how successful the students could be. The aim of this study was to determine possible reasons for attrition in students who do the undergraduate diploma nursing course. The objective was to determine the attrition rate of students in the undergraduate course. Reasons for attrition involve a close investigation into age, home language, subjects taken in secondary school, family support, reasons for going into nursing, problems experienced, reasons for not completing the course and how these affected them. The objectives was met through a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The target population (N=260/100%) consisted of all students that had not completed their undergraduate diploma nursing course over four years between the years 2007-2010, from a Nursing College in the Western Cape. The sample population (n=58/22%) voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. A telephonic questionnaire was administered with closed-ended questions and a small section which had a likert scale. Data was collected by the researcher and a trained field worker. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University. Permission was also obtained from the Western Cape Provincial Administration to conduct the research. Informed consent was obtained from the students. Reliability and validity was supported by a pilot study conducted on (n=10/10%) of the students at the Western Cape College of Nursing to ensure feasibility of the study. The data was analysed by a statistician and presented in tables and graphs. Statistical analysis was determined by ordinal and nominal data. The results showed that there were numerous factors that contributed to the attrition of undergraduate nursing diploma students. The results showed that the majority of the students’ home language was Xhosa 43% (n=25/58) with the majority being female, single with one child. The main reasons for choosing nursing was because it was a vocation/calling. The recommendations were to ensure that all nursing colleges be integrated into institutions of higher education, thereby ensuring more stringent selection criteria. There needs to be a bridging year where the students are taught to improve their literacy and numeracy so that this will give the students a better understanding of the lectures being delivered in English. There needs to be systems in place to assist the students that are mediocre or struggling. The conclusion was that attrition is complex and requires more concrete systems to stem the rate. A total reformation of undergraduate diploma nursing programmes needs to be addressed. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die kwessie van attrisie by voorgraadse diploma student verpleegsters is al vir ’n geruime tyd kommerwekkend. Attrisie word as kompleks bestempel en om dit te begryp, is dit noodsaaklik om aandag te skenk aan die tempo waarteen dit vookom, asook die redes en tendense in Suid-Afrika te bepaal. Om attrisie in Suid-Afrika te kan begryp, moet die internasionale tendense in ag geneem word om te bepaal of Suid-Afrika ’n unieke probleem het. Weens die enorme finansiële onkoste wat die staat het ten opsigte hiervan en die student se selfvertroue, asook hulle geloof en begrip in al die sisteme wat in plek is wat gefaal het, word dit ’n bekommernis. Die redes waarom studente kies om verpleging te doen en hulle akademiese vordering gedurende hulle sekondêre skoolopleiding, behoort ’n duidelike aanduiding aan die onderwysowerhede te wees hoe suksesvol die studente kan wees. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die moontlike redes vir attrisie by studente wat die voorgraadse diploma kursus in verpleging volg, te bepaal. Die doelwit is om die attrisie-tempo by studente in die voorgraadse diploma kursus, te bepaal. Redes vir attrisie verg ’n indringende ondersoek van die ouderdom, huistaal, vakke geneem in die sekondêre skool, familie-ondersteuning, redes waarom verpleging as loopbaan gekies word, probleme wat ondervind word, redes waarom die kursus nie voltooi word nie en hoedat dit hulle geaffekteer het. Die doelwitte is behaal deur ’n beskrywende studie met ’n kwantitatiewe benadering te volg. Die teikenbevolking (N=260/100%) het bestaan uit alle studente wat nie hulle voorgraadse verpleegkursus binne vier jaar tussen die jare 2007-2010 aan ’n verpleegkollege in die Wes-Kaap voltooi het nie. Die steekproef bevolking (n=58/22%) het vrywillig ingestem om aan die studie deel te neem. ’n Telefoniese vraelys met geslote vrae is geadministreer en ’n klein gedeelte het ’n likertskaal bevat. Data is gekollekteer deur die navorser en ’n opgeleide veldwerker. Etiese goedkeuring is verkry van die Gesondheidsnavorsing se Etiese Komitee aan die Fakulteit van Gesondheidswetenskappe, Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Toestemming is ook verkry van die Wes-Kaapse Provinsiale Administrasie om die navorsing te doen. Ingeligte toestemming is van die deelnemers verkry. Betroubaarheid en geldigheid is ondersteun deur ’n loodsondersoek wat uitgevoer is op (n=10/10%) van die deelnemers aan die Wes-Kaap Kollege vir Verpleging om die uitvoerbaarheid van die studie te verseker. Die data is geanaliseer deur ’n statistikus en in tabelle en grafieke aangebied. Statistiese analise is bepaal deur ordinale en nominale data. Die uitslae het bewys dat daar ’n aantal faktore is wat bygedra het tot die attrisie van voorgraadse studente wat die verpleegdiploma doen. Die uitslae het bewys dat die meerderheid van die studente se huistaal Xhosa 43% (n=25/58) is, waarvan die meerderheid vroulik en enkel met een kind is. Die hoofredes waarom verpleging gekies is as loopbaan, is omdat dit ’n beroep/roeping is. Die aanbevelings is om te verseker dat alle verpleegkolleges geïntegreer word by instellings vir hoër onderwys, daardeur word strenger seleksie-kriteria verseker. Daar behoort ’n oorbruggingsjaar vir participante te wees om hulle geletterdheid en syfervaardigheid in so ’n mate te verbeter dat hulle lesings in Engels verstaan wanneer dit aangebied word. Daar behoort sisteme in plek te wees om participante te help wat gemiddeld presteer of sukkel. Die gevolgtrekking is dat attrisie kompleks is wat meer konkrete sisteme verg om die tempo waarteen dit plaasvind, die hoof te bied. ’n totale transformasie van voorgraadse diploma verplegingsprogramme behoort aangeroer te word.

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The profession of nursing is a twofold vocation that has a scientific theory as the foundation of all nursing intervention or skill. Despite clinical preceptorship being a useful strategy of teaching, many training hospitals and clinical facilities are without this avenue of learning and where available, it is often not optimally utilised. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the clinical preceptor in enhancing nursing education at Edendale Hospital and Edendale campus of a nursing college. A mixed method approach was applied utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect information about the experiences and challenges as well as clarify existing problems. Samples were drawn from all stakeholders of nursing education i.e. nursing students, nurse educators and ward managers of Edendale Hospital and Campus using random and purposive sampling respectively. Data were collected using selfadministered questionnaires for students and nursing managers and an interview guide for focus group interviews for nurse educators. Ethical approval was sought from the Health Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Stellenbosch University, the Department of Health, the Kwazulu-Natal College of Nursing and Edendale Hospital and Campus. The findings of this study support Weidenbach’s Prescriptive Theory in which the author maintains that nursing is a practice discipline designed to produce explicit desired results which here refers to the enhancing of nursing education with the contribution of clinical preceptorship. Patricia Benner’s Dreyfus and novice to expert models were used to express the need for meaningful practical experience in nursing students and to shows nurse educators how to identify the practical learning needs of the students and assist them acquire competence. The results of the study suggest that the clinical preceptor is a mentor and a guide who facilitates the correlation of theory and practice in nursing education. The results also suggest that students are experiencing problems in clinical practice and that clinical preceptorship is needed. A number of recommendations are made based on limitations identified in the present teaching-learning process. One of the recommendations is that partnership building strategies be fostered between the hospital, the campus and the Faculty of Nursing Education. This team approach could clearly define the role of the clinical preceptor to ensure optimum nursing education. Further research is recommended. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verpleging is ’n tweeledige beroep met ’n wetenskaplike teorie as grondslag vir elke verpleegintervensie of -vaardigheid. Ten spyte daarvan dat kliniese instruksie (“preceptorship”) ’n nuttige onderrigstrategie is, ontbreek dit by baie opleidingshospitale en kliniese fasiliteite, en waar dit beskikbaar is, word dit dikwels suboptimaal aangewend. Die doel van hierdie studie was om ondersoek in te stel na hoe belanghebbendes by verpleegopleiding by Edendale-hospitaal en -verpleegkampus kliniese instruksie ervaar, en om sodoende vas te stel of kliniese instruksie verpleegopleiding by daardie fasiliteite versterk. ’n Gemengde benadering van sowel kwalitatiewe as kwantitatiewe metodes is gevolg om inligting oor die ervarings en uitdagings in te win en bestaande probleme te verklaar. Steekproewe is met behulp van onderskeidelik lukrake en doelbewuste seleksie uit alle belanghebbendes by verpleegopleiding by Edendale-hospitaal en - verpleegkampus geneem, met inbegrip van verpleegstudente, verpleegopvoeders en saalbestuurders. Data is deur middel van selfvoltooiingsvraelyste vir studente en eenheidsbestuurders, en ’n onderhoudsgids vir fokusgroepgesprekke met verpleegopvoeders ingesamel. Etiekgoedkeuring is verkry van die Gesondheidsnavorsingsetiekkomitee van die Fakulteit Geneeskunde en Gesondheidswetenskappe aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch, die Departement van Gesondheid, die KwaZulu-Natalse Verpleegkollege sowel as Edendale-hospitaal en - verpleegkampus. Die bevindinge van die studie ondersteun Wiedenbach se voorskriftelike teorie, waarin sy volhou dat verpleging ’n praktiese dissipline is wat ontwerp is om bepaalde gewenste resultate te behaal. Patricia Benner se Dreyfus- en beginner-tot-kennermodel is ook gebruik om die behoefte aan sinvolle praktiese ervaring by verpleegstudente te staaf, en om verpleegopvoeders te wys hoe om studente se praktiese leerbehoeftes te bepaal en hulle vaardighede te help ontwikkel. Die resultate van die studie dui daarop dat die kliniese instrukteer as mentor en begeleier die korrelasie tussen teorie en die praktyk van verpleegonderwys fasiliteer. Die resultate dui verder daarop dat student probleme in kliniese praktyk ervar en kliniese instruksie benodig. ’n Aantal aanbevelings word gedoen op grond van beperkinge wat in die huidige onderrig-en-leer-proses uitgewys is. Een van die aanbevelings is die ontwikkeling van strategieë om vennootskappe tussen die hospitaal, die verpleegkampus en die fakulteit verpleegkunde te bou. Hierdie spanbenadering kan die rol van die kliniese instrukteur duidelik omlyn ten einde optimale verpleegopleiding te verseker. Verdere navorsing word aanbeveel.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / Background: Preceptorship refers to a teaching and learning approach through which a well experienced clinician is contracted to provide clinical teaching, supervision, role‐modeling of professional and clinical practice skills and assessment of students in a clinical setting. This approach often involves three groups of people, namely: faculty, students, and clinicians (preceptors). The preceptor in this study refers to a registered nurse who supervises and conducts clinical assessment of students in a clinical area, while at the same time is responsible for patient care. The focus of this study was to explore preceptors’ opinions regarding the implementation of preceptorship in the diploma in the nursing curriculum diploma in the nursing curriculum in Botswana. Emphasis was placed on seeking information on how preceptorship is implemented, the strengths and challenges regarding its implementation and suggestions as to how it should be strengthened to contribute positively towards teaching and learning of students. Methodology: A mixed cross‐sectional descriptive design, using a survey was used. . The design was adopted because of its ability to provide a broad understanding of the concept under study by allowing participants to share their experiences and opinions about a specified situation. Both the qualitative and quantitative data were collected simultaneously. A standardized self‐developed structured questionnaire using both closed ended and few open ended questions and consisting of scaled self‐report items and checklists was used to collect data from forty‐four (44) preceptors and three (3) third year level coordinators from the three (3) health training institutions. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while the qualitative data were analyzed for frequency of common themes. Descriptive statistics in the form of frequency tables and charts, as well as measures of central tendencies, were used in the analysis of quantitative data. Results: The findings revealed that preceptorship program was not well coordinated as there were no preceptorship manuals to guide the implementation of preceptorship program. On the positive side, however, preceptors felt comfortable and competent to supervise and assess students, despite the fact that most of them had not received preceptorship training or orientation. With regard to preceptor support, it was evident that there was need for major support in regard to improved communication between preceptor and faculty, improved support by the health facility manager and the need for strengthening preceptor training and orientation. The majority of the respondents have recommended for preceptorship orientation /training targeted at addressing some of the following topics: Student and preceptor roles, curriculum requirements, clinical teaching and assessment skills, leadership skills and how to access resources from the health training institutions. A significant number of preceptors felt that it was important to receive feedback about students’ progress from faculty and to receive feedback from students regarding their experiences in the clinical internship sites. Lastly, preceptors also felt that there was need for introducing incentives into the preceptorship program Conclusion The key areas that emerged from the study indicated an uncoordinated and unstructured preceptorship program in the diploma nursing curriculum. Preceptor support is limited as evidenced by report of lack of training or orientation of preceptors to their preceptorship role. To ensure sustainability of preceptorship program there is need to improve the following areas: preceptorship training and orientation, and preceptorship support by both the health training institution and the health facility managers. Key words: Preceptors, preceptorship, orientation, socialization, student assessment, and faculty support, clinical teaching, mentor, clinical supervisor.