<p> <i>Purpose:</i> Implement and evaluate a formal evidence-based risk screening protocol in a rural clinic setting to optimize early identification of prediabetes and T2DM in asymptomatic, non-pregnant adults age 18&ndash;44. </p><p> <i>Significance:</i> Absence of an evidence-based risk screening protocol contributed to under/overutilization in laboratory test referral and inconsistency in prescribed treatments among clinic providers. Early identification of prediabetes and initiation of appropriate treatment plans may assist in preventing T2DM and its associated complications. </p><p> <i>Methodology:</i> Quality improvement project utilizing a retrospective, randomized representative sample of charts, <i>n</i> = 30 and a convenience sample of participants, <i>n</i> = 40. The American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (ADA DRT) served as a prediabetes risk screening tool. Provider adherence to ADA DRT risk screening and laboratory test referral, type of laboratory test ordered, the relationship between demographic characteristics and the ADA DRT score, participant follow-up, and treatment ordered based on risk screening and laboratory results were analyzed using group data. </p><p> <i>Results:</i> Thirteen (35.7%) participants had laboratory values in the prediabetes or T2DM range and 100% of treatment ordered are substantiated by ADA guidelines. Using the ADA DRT tool, risk screening was completed in 100% of eligible participants; accordingly, appropriate utilization of laboratory test referral improved by 33.33%. </p><p> <i>Recommendation:</i> Incorporation of best-practices for risk screening and laboratory test referral for early identification of prediabetes is needed. APRNs are instrumental in promoting efficacious screening strategies and preventative treatment aimed at improving health outcomes. The benefits of using the ADA DRT as a prediabetes risk screening protocol in primary care should be elucidated in a prospective study.</p><p>

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-127). Also available via the Internet.

<p> The purpose of this directed project was to develop a nutrition education curriculum for competitive youth soccer players. This project is aimed to improve the nutrition knowledge deficit among female adolescents, thereby improving general health and athletic performance. This curriculum also considers the athletes&rsquo; familial dependence and provides nutrition resources to parents. </p><p> This is a five-part group and team education series designed to address the sport-, gender- and age-specific nutrition needs of the target population. Based on current research, adolescents perceive group education and discussion to be most useful. Each lesson includes handouts for reference and an interactive activity to enrich the educational experience. </p><p> An expert panel has reviewed this program and provided critical insight and recommendations for revisions. As verified by an expert review panel, this curriculum is evidence-based, current and applicable. This program was not pilot tested, but should be prior to implementation.</p>

No description available.

This thesis aimed to explore gaps in existing knowledge and identify new avenues to illuminate the connections between agriculture, nutrition and environmental health. Three separate, but complimentary, studies were designed to achieve this. The findings were then used to develop a model multisector intervention approach to improve food security, nutrition, the household environment and health outcomes in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), using Nepal as a case study. This research adopted a mixed-methods sequential explanatory approach. Initially, peer reviewed journal articles were reviewed to identify the type, extent and effectiveness of household interventions to improve food security, health and the household environment in LMIC. The barriers and facilitators to the development and delivery of multisector interventions in LMIC were assessed based on the qualitative synthesis of academic journal articles and existing grey literature. Additionally, a workshop-based qualitative case study was completed to understand Nepalese stakeholders' perceptions on development and implementation of a multisector intervention. It is clear that very little trans-disciplinary research has been done with the majority of studies still being discipline specific. It also appears that certain LMIC seem to focus on domain specific interventions. Those interventions that incorporated multiple domains such as; home gardening with nutrition education; nutrition intervention with water, sanitation and hygiene; appear to be more successful in terms of providing multiple benefits. Qualitative synthesis highlighted common barriers including co-ordination issues, access to the resources, inadequate technical capacity and limited shared understanding of multidisciplinary working among sectorial stakeholders. While facilitators included collaborative networking opportunities such as discipline discourse, webinars and funding to ensure sustainability of interventions. In addition, the Nepalese case study identified gaps in terms of knowledge generation and sharing between and within sectors. Finally, findings were synthesised to develop an evidence-based model approach multisector intervention to address multifaceted public health issues in LMIC.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of South Florida, 2009. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 129 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

<p> The purpose of this study was to assess user preference of three smartphone applications, My Net Diary, My Fitness Pal, and Lose It. Applications across different smartphone platforms were used. Specifically the study evaluated users' view regarding the app's (a) convenience, (b) satisfaction with the nutrient analysis reports, and (c) perceived behavior change.</p><p> Participants (n=50) were obtained from Introductory Nutrition Classes at California State University, Long Beach and assigned an app to use for a duration of2 weeks. After that time an email was sent including a link to the Survey Monkey questionnaire. The results, using ANOVAs, indicated no significant differences between the apps in users' view regarding (a) convenience, (b) satisfaction with the nutrient analysis reports, and (c) perceived behavior change. The insignificant results could be attributed to the fact that these apps are widely popular and cited on top 10 lists. Further study is warranted. </p>

<p> Participation in a resistance training program requires proper nutrition timing to gain the results desired. The purpose of this research is to determine if there are strength gain differences in women when the timing of consuming a BCAA plus carbohydrate supplement is manipulated. The study will consist of a four week training program. Subjects will meet for three sessions per week and consist of 10-20 strength trained women. Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three groups. One group consumed the BCAA-CHO supplement during exercise, one group consumed the BCAA-CHO supplement immediately after exercise and the other group consumed a placebo. Each session will consist of a five minute warm up followed by a periodized strength training program. The three groups will be compared to determine if there is a difference in strength and muscle hypertrophy when the ingestion time of BCAA-CHO differs.</p>

<p> The child care setting represents a crucial environment for infants and children to establish healthy feeding practices in order to prevent overweight and obesity. The objective of this research was to investigate the association between parental care (PC) and child care (CC) on infant feeding practices, food consumption, nutrient intake and growth in infants receiving Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC) assistance. Our hypothesis was that unhealthy feeding practices would be more common in CC compared to PC thus leading to greater weight for length (WFL) and weight for age (WFA) z-score at 1 year of age for infants in CC. This study sampled 105 infants aged 2 to 8 months of age from the Champaign Urbana WIC office from October 2009-August 2011. Mothers completed a 3-day food record and survey at the time of recruitment to assess their infant's feeding practices, nutrient intake, health status, and demographic characteristics. Baseline and follow-up weight and length for these children within the first year of age were collected from the WIC office.</p><p> The major differences in demographic characteristics of the study sample included child care hours per week, maternal employment, household income, and single parent home by CC use. Infants in CC had an average of 29 hours of care per week compared to the 0.64 hours in the PC group (p&lt;0.01). A larger (p&lt;0.01) percentage of mothers were employed in the CC group (73.9%) compared to the PC group (22%). However, the household income was greater (p&lt;0.01) in the PC group ($15,986 &plusmn; $10,284 PC vs $9,967&plusmn; $7,489.5 CC). In addition, there was a higher (p=0.04) percentage of single parents in the CC group (30.5 % PC vs. 50% CC).</p><p> Breastfeeding duration and age of solid food introduction did not differ between care type. Breastfeeding duration was on average 2.3 months while average solid food introduction was 4.4 months. No differences were observed between PC and CC infants in the rates of formula introduction. When comparing food consumption at the time of recruitment, there were no differences in the number of servings per day of food groups, but the CC group showed lower consumption of formula (p=0.03) and breast milk (p=0.18) compared to PC.</p><p> Energy intake did not differ between care type after adjusting for feeding practices and child, maternal and household characteristics. However, there was a pattern of greater energy intake in the PC group. Child age (&beta;=34.8, p&lt;0.01) and number of servings of infant formula (&beta;=86.0, p&lt;0.01) were the strongest predictors of energy intake. There was greater (p=0.05) calcium intake in the CC group (788 mg CC vs. 742 mg PC). Otherwise, there were no differences in macro or micronutrient intakes between CC and PC.</p><p> For growth measures, infants in PC had a significantly greater change in WFL (&beta;=2.06, p=0.05) and WFA (&beta;=1.69, p=0.01) z-score and a greater follow-up z-score, after adjusting for feeding practices and child, maternal and household characteristics. There were no differences by care type in the length for age (LFA) z-score over the first year of life. </p><p> The strongest predictors of the change in WFL z-score were PC use (&beta;=2.06, p=0.05), maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (&beta;=0.14, p&lt;0.01), birth order (&beta;=1.63, p&lt;0.05), maternal age (&beta;=-0.34, p&lt;0.01), birth weight (&beta;=-1.77, p=0.06), non-Black/African American (&beta;=3.09, p=0.02) and male gender (&beta;=-2.12, p=0.06). Change in WFA z-score was significantly affected by CC use (&beta;=1.69, p=0.01), lower birth weight (&beta;=-1.74, p&lt;0.01), greater pre-pregnancy BMI (&beta;=0.09, p&lt;0.01), and less servings of infant formula (&beta;=-0.53, p=0.05). Change in LFA was unaffected by CC use (&beta;=1.69, p=0.11), but significantly affected by lower pre-pregnancy BMI (&beta;=-0.04, p=0.04) and black race (&beta;=-2.54, p=0.05).</p><p> Thus, we concluded that CC use did not affect feeding practices, overall nutrient intake or LFA z-scores for infants receiving WIC assistance. There was significantly greater calcium intake in the CC group. CC use also showed a trend of less formula and breast milk. Infants in PC had a statistically greater change in WFL and WFA compared to those in CC. The main finding in this study is that CC use may have influenced differences in the change in WFL and WFA z-scores, but not overall infant feeding practices, nutrient intake and LFA z-score. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the role of CC use on feeding practices, nutrient intake and growth.</p>