In this paper, I am suggesting that instead of using a traditional definition of cosmopolitanism, such as “thinking and feeling beyond the nation” (Cheah and Robbins) or “pluralism” plus “fallibilism” (Appiah), we consider instead Yale theologian Miroslav Volf’s term “embrace” as the framework for expanding our understanding of cosmopolitanism. This term is linked to standard interpretations of cosmopolitanism through its emphasis on hybridity and openness, but it differs in its undeniably religious implications. By applying Volf’s theoretical framework to concrete literary examples – namely, Lev Tolstoy’s The Death of Ivan Il’ich and Flannery O’Connor’s “Greenleaf” – it becomes clear that Ivan Il'ich’s and Mrs. May’s identity-shaping (religious) encounters with the “Other” are an opening up – or hybridizing – of their identities. This paper concludes that in Volf’s view, and Tolstoy’s and O’Connor’s as well, religious affinity is an impetus and not a hindrance to cosmopolitanism. / text

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1991. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [209]-220).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Regent College, Vancouver, BC, 2002. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-125).

Resumo: Everything That Rises Must Converge de Flannery O'Connor foi publicado em 1965, ano posterior â sua morte. Embora-esta dissertação discuta como o título - extraído de uma afirmação de Teillard de Chardin - aplica-se -às nove histórias da coleção, seu principal objetivo é mostrar, através de exemplos tirados do texto, como o bem e o mal se manifestam em cada história. Esta análise textual baseia-se num sistema gradativo das virtudes e dos vícios (os sete pecados capitais) desenvolvido pelo teólogo e erudito medieval Grosseteste. A Parte I apresenta uma biografia, amplamente baseada nas cartas de Miss O'Connor publicadas recentemente, e uma perspectiva global da polêmica excessivamente acirrada à sua obra duradoura. As feições principais de sua arte são discutidas aqui: seu enfoque - como escritora católica - do sul protestante, o uso do grotesco, seu pendor para a violência, seu conceito de mal e de graça, sua falta de sentimento, e sua aparente falta de compaixão e de senso de beleza. A Parte II considera o conceito de mal de Miss O'Connor (tanto quanto de Teillard) e sua magua com uma sociedade tecnológica complacente que despreza os valores espirituais. No âmago da dissertação, a Parte III oferece múltiplos exemplos das formas do bem e do mal, como também do imagismo, na sinopse de cada história, e a Parte IV examina os motivos - o mal, o grotesco e a graça redentora. A Parte V discute a visão de Miss O1 Connor e o modo com que ela empregou o choque e o riso para contrapor ao torpor espiritual e para conscientizar o leitor de que o demoníaco pode levar ao sagrado. Escritora admiravelmente talentosa, com humor selvagem, ela odiava o mal, escarnecia dos intelectuais bombásticos, acreditava nas possibilidades da salvação sempiterna - e conservou até o fim um maravilhoso sentido e respeito pelo mistério.

Although Flannery O'Connor's fiction reflects her religious point of view, most of her protagonists are secular, either materialists, who value possessions, or rationalists, who value the intellect. During the period 1949 to 1964, when O'Connor was writing, the South was rapidly changing, and those changes are reflected in the shift in emphasis from the materialists in O'Connor's early fiction to the rationalists in the late stories. This study of O'Connor's protagonists follows the chronological order of publication. A close textual analysis of the materialists in Chapter II and of the rationalists in Chapter III supports the conclusion that O'Connor was aware of the growing secularity of the South. Whereas some of her protagonists undergo a religious experience, the majority of her protagonists are thoroughly secular materialists or rationalists.

Certain characteristics generally attributed to the British Romantics can be seen in selected writings of Flannery O'Connor, a contemporary American author (1926-1964). Chapter I defines Romanticism and identifies the Romantic elements to be discussed in the paper. Chapter II discusses Gothicism, Primitivism, and the treatment of the child as they appear in five of O'Connor's short stories. Variations of the Byronic Hero are presented in Chapter III as they appear in two short stories and one novel, Wise Blood. The internal struggle and anti-intellectualism in The Violent Bear It Away are the basis of Chapter IV. Chapter V concludes that O'Connor's concern with man as master of his fate aligns her with the Romantics and thus illustrates the influence of Romanticism on contemporary life and art.

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Thesis (Th. M.)--Regent College, Vancouver, BC, 2002. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-125).

Thesis (M.A.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-75). Also available on the World Wide Web.