By using the Projected Shell Model (PSM) ,studied of the nuclear superdeformation structure in the mass A~130 doubly-odd nuclei are present the isotopes Pr , Pr (b)¡B Pr (1)¡B Pr and Pr .The results of theoretical calculations of transition energy E£^, the kinetic moment of inertia J(1) and the dynamic moment of inertia J(2) are compared with experimental data . In According to the result of theory and experimental we get an important consequence. That is the isotopes, it deformation scale is decision by the neutron number. Because the neutron number close to the magic number, the nuclear will be stable and the deformation will be small.

<p> A study of the inter-multiplet Ml transition probability for states populated by the (n,γ) reaction in a number of odd-odd nuclei has been performed. Using a high resolution delayed coincidence system and specially developed calibration and data analysis techniques, lifetime measurements have been made for low energy transitions in 28Al, 32P, 40K, 46Sc, 52v and 56Mn. A theoretical model which uses the static magnetic dipole moments of the corresponding odd-A nuclei as the base states has been investigated and was shown able to produce a very satisfactory agreement with the experimental inter-multiplet B(Ml) values.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Methods are described that implement a branch-and-price decomposition approach to solve the maximum weight independent set (MWIS) problem. The approach is first described by Warrier et. al, and herein our contributions to this research are presented. The decomposition calls for the exact solution of the MWIS problem on induced subgraphs of the original graph. The focus of our contribution is the use of chordal graphs as the induced subgraphs in this solution framework. Three combinatorial branch-and-bound solvers for the MWIS problem are described. All use weighted clique covers to generate upper bounds, and all branch according to the method of Balas and Yu. One extends and speeds up the method of Babel. A second one modifies a method of Balas and Xue to produce clique covers that share structural similarities with those produced by Babel. Each of these improves on its predecessor. A third solver is a hybrid of the other two. It yields the best known results on some graphs. The related matter of deciding the imperfection or perfection of a graph is also addressed. With the advent of the Strong Perfect Graph Theorem, this problem is reduced to the detection of odd holes and anti-holes or the proof of their absence. Techniques are provided that, for a given graph, find subgraphs in polynomial time that contain odd holes whenever they are present in the given graph. These techniques and some basic structural results on such subgraphs narrow the search for odd holes. Results are reported for the performance of the three new solvers for the MWIS problem that demonstrate that the third, hybrid solver outperforms its clique-cover-based ancestors and, in some cases, the best current open-source solver. The techniques for narrowing the search for odd holes are shown to provide a polynomial-time reduction in the size of the input required to decide the perfection or imperfection of a graph.

Cette recherche à méthodes mixtes cherche à développer, et évaluer la pertinence d'un modèle développement fondée sur la connaissance pour les villes primatiales dans les pays en développement. Le modèle est basé sur le cadre conceptuel des sociétés du savoir de l'UNESCO.Ce modèle est développé à partir de la littérature, validées par des panels d'experts et testés sur le terrain grâce à l'application dans les villes primatiales sélectionnés en Afrique et en Asie.L'étude vise à mieux comprendre à travers l'utilisation du modèle, comment les actifs de connaissance dans les villes identifiées peuvent être efficacement exploitées pour relever les stratégiques défis sociétaux identifiées par l'ONU dans ses objectifs de développement durable post-2015 (ODD).Cette enquête a été structuré selon la conception de la recherche des sciences de Hevner (2004),qui a fourni un cadre épistémologique, ontologique et axiologique global.Le processus de détermination de la portée, la conception et l'évaluation du modèle de maturité a été guidé par les paramètres développés par Mettler(2009)pour le développement du modèle. Basé sur la littérature existante,les indicateurs pour les neuf constructions dans le cadre de l'UNESCO – les droits de l'homme,le pluralisme,l'inclusion,l'équité,l'ouverture, la liberté d'expression, l'accès universel àl'information, la diversité culturelle et linguistique et l'éducation-ont été développés et le modèle de maturité a été peuplé.Les consultations avec les experts en la matière, ainsi qu’une étude Delphi avec un panneau délibérément choisi de plus de 60 experts mondiaux ont fourni les moyens pour valider le modèle de maturité de connaissance.Des études pilotes à Addis-Abeba et à Bangkok ont permis une exploration empirique du modèle, en face des nouveaux défis pour la cohésion sociale. Auparavant, les grandes villes ont été localisés dans le monde développé mais dans l'avenir, ils seront dans les pays en développement (UNDESA,2014). Les pays en développement ne sont pas bien prepares pour faire face aux défis de la croissance rapide de la population et de l'urbanisation.La recherche sur les villes est toujours axé sur celles du monde développé dont qu’une évaluation de la maturité de augmentent connaissances de la ville ont fourni un aperçu de la pertinence du modèle sur la politique.Les résultats des projets pilotes ont également contribué à l'amélioration du modèle. Cette recherche est la première tentative de développer et d'appliquer empiriquement un modèle de développement fondée sur la connaissance, ancrée dans le cadre conceptuel des sociétés du savoir de l'UNESCO.Cette étude soutien la mission de l'Organisation, celle de créer des outils politiques et des ressources pour les pays en développement.En particulier, il apporte une réponse concrète à la recommandation 10 du Rapport de l'UNESCO:Vers les sociétés du savoir (UNESCO, 2005).Le potentiel de processus de connaissance et de savoir à surmonter les défis sociétaux stratégiques, tels que les ODD, est reconnu, mais il y a encore une compréhension limitée autour de la façon d'identifier et fournir efficacement la connaissance au niveau sociétal et d'étendre la gestion des connaissances du domaine de l'organisation à la société(Bresnahan et Gambardella, 2004; Ergazakis & Metaxiotis, 2011; Ritter, 2006;Yigitcanlar et al,2012;. Yigitcanlar & Lönnqvist, 2013).Ce domaine est encore dans une phase de pré- paradigmatique avec des méthodologies, des cadres et des approches toujours en évolution(Ergazakis & Metaxiotis, 2011),donc la dissertation et le modèle qu'elle avance contribuent à la consolidation de la théorie dans le domaine de la gestion des connaissances au niveau sociétal, et à fournir soutien aux décideurs dans leur réponse à l'ODD.Cette recherche se fonde également des liens transdisciplinaires entre domaines disparates de l'activité,tels que la gestion des connaissances, le capital intellectuel ainsi que les droits humains et le développement humain. / This mixed methods research study seeks to develop, validate and assess the policy- relevance of a Knowledge-based development Model. The model is based on UNESCO’s Knowledge Societies Conceptual Framework. This model is developed from the literature, validated through expert panels and field tested through application in selected primate cities of developing countries located in Africa and Asia. The study seeks to gain insights through the use of the maturity model into how the knowledge assets within the identified cities can be more effectively leveraged to address the strategic societal challenges identified by the United Nations in its post-2015 sustainable development goals (SDGs).Hevner’s (2004) Design Science Research provides an overarching epistemological, ontological and axiological frame for structuring this investigation. The process of scoping, designing and evaluating the model was guided by Mettler’s (2009) parameters for model development. Drawing on the extant literature, indicators for the nine constructs in the UNESCO framework – human rights, pluralism, inclusion, equity, openness, freedom of expression, universal access to information, cultural and linguistic diversity and education – were developed and the maturity model populated. Consultations with subject experts, as well as a Delphi study with a purposefully selected panel of more than 60 global experts provided the means for validating the Model. Pilot studies in Addis Ababa and Bangkok enabled an empirical exploration of the model, an assessment of the city’s knowledge maturity and provided insights into the model’s policy relevance. Findings from the pilots further contributed to the model’s refinement.This research is the first-ever attempt to develop and empirically apply a knowledge-based development model grounded in UNESCO Knowledge’s Societies Conceptual Framework. This study supports the Organization’s mission of creating policy tools and resources for developing countries, in particular, itprovides a concrete response to Recommendation 10 of the UNESCO World Report: Towards Knowledge Societies (UNESCO, 2005). The potential for knowledge and knowledge processes in overcoming strategic societal challenges, such as the SDGs, is recognized, but there is still limited understanding around how to effectively identify and leverage knowledge at the societal level and to extend knowledge management from the realm of the organization to the society (Bresnahan & Gambardella, 2004; Ergazakis & Metaxiotis, 2011; Ritter, 2006; Yigitcanlar et al., 2012; Yigitcanlar & Lönnqvist, 2013). This field is still in a pre-paradigmatic phase with methodologies, frameworks and approaches still evolving (Ergazakis & Metaxiotis, 2011), so the dissertation and the model it advances contribute to theory-building in the area of societal-level knowledge management, and supporting policy-makers in their response to the SDGs. This research also builds transdisciplinary linkages across disparate fields of endeavor such as knowledge management, intellectual capital as well as human rights and human development.Globalization and the ease of mobility is increasing the heterogeneity of cities, posing new challenges for social cohesion. Previously the largest cities were located in the developed world but in the future they will be in developing countries (UNDESA, 2014). Developing countries are not well prepared to cope with the challenges of rapid population growth and urbanization. Research on cities is still focused on those of the developed world whose conditions and context are materially different from those of the developing world (Atiqul Haq, 2012; Jenkins, 2013; Roy, 2005). Accordingly, this limits the generalizability of existing research. This dissertation therefore contributes to the academic literature on the role of knowledge management in the rapidly urbanizing cities of the developing world.

Children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and a concurrent Axis I diagnosis are often prescribed drug therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to manage disruptive behavior. However, ODD symptoms tend to be poorly controlled, raising questions about the effectiveness of drug therapy in children with the condition. Safety and long term consequences of pharmacological agents for ODD are important factors clinicians must consider before initiating treatment. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the pharmacodynamics and efficacy of drug therapy used for ODD in school-age children and adolescents. Additionally, awareness of poor behavior patterns and recognition of symptoms associated with ODD in children among health care providers was explored. A literature review exploring ODD and drug therapy for ODD and related behavioral disorders was conducted from various online databases. Results from 15 reviewed studies suggest that pharmacologic therapy is typically prescribed for ODD symptoms when a comorbid condition such as ADHD, a mood disorder, or an anxiety disorder is present. Drug therapy for ADHD has demonstrated effective behavioral outcomes in reducing ODD symptom severity in children and tolerable side effects when used for short-term therapy. Studies have demonstrated success and better control of ODD symptoms with a focused drug therapy regimen. Overall, the benefits of drug therapy can potentially outweigh the risks of adverse effects, and improve the quality of life in children with ODD. In conclusion, uncovering the reasons for poorly controlled ODD in children can be of clinical significance to health care providers and can support decision making when considering drug therapy for children with this condition.

This study investigated the relationship between the perceived externalizing behaviors of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and the maladaptive childrearing beliefs of their parents. The study used archival survey data provided by Intervention Services, Inc., a community mental health center. Data from 338 families with a child diagnosed with ADHD or ODD were analyzed. The study used the Conners' Parent Behavior Rating Scale short version to measure the level of conduct problems, impulsivity, and hyperactivity of the children as perceived by the parents. The Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory was used to measure the degree of parental belief in the value of physical punishment and lack of empathy towards childrens needs. Both surveys were completed by the parent. Pearson product-moment correlational analyses were undertaken for the total sample and separately for each of four subsamples: 1) males, 2)females, 3)those with ADHD, and 4) those with ODD. The results provided only moderate support for a few of the hypothesized associations between child externalizing behaviors and parent childrearing beliefs. Significant but very modest correlations were found in the total sample, male sample, and ODD sample. The strongest correlation in each sample was between conduct problems and physical punishment. The most interesting finding of the research was the difference in results between the subsamples. For the participants in this study, males and those with a diagnosis of ODD showed a greater correlation between childrearing beliefs of parents and perceived externalizing behaviors than females and those with a diagnosis of ADHD. Future research could focus on the differences in patterns of correlations found between the subsamples.

<p> Thermal neutron capture studies have been made of the odd-odd nuclei, 20F, 24Na, 28Al, 32P, 36Cl and 40K. The gamma ray spectra have been studied using a Ge(Li) pair spectrometer and revised decay schemes are presented for these nuclei. The Q-values and gamma ray multiplicities have been obtained for the reactions studied. The average partial widths for primary Ml and El transitions have been calculated for the six nuclei and compared with the theoretical estimates. The features of the capture gamma ray spectra are discussed and it is observed that for the six nuclei studied, the total intensity in the spectrum above the energy of 0.3 times the Q-value is nearly the same (~1.4 photons/capture).</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

A linear multiple regression statistical model is applied to estimate the solar induced component of odd nitrogen variability in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere using UARS HALOE data for 1991–2003. Consistent with earlier studies, evidence is obtained for a decadal NOx variation at the highest available latitudes (50° – 70°) that projects positively onto the solar cycle. This variation, which is most statistically significant in the Southern Hemisphere, also correlates positively with the auroral Ap index. It is therefore probably caused by downward transport during the polar night of thermospheric and mesospheric odd nitrogen. In addition, at low latitudes near and above the stratopause, evidence is obtained for an inverse solar cycle NOx variation. It is suggested that this low-latitude response may be caused primarily by increased photolysis of NO under solar maximum conditions. Throughout most of the rest of the stratosphere, no statistically significant response is obtained.

In this thesis, various designs of VLSI sorter architectures are proposed. This thesis first presents a baseline serial sorter architecture built on a central memory module equipped with a single compare-and-swap (C&S) functional unit. A dedicated low-cost address generation circuit which controls the order of data accesses and C&S operation in order to support sorting of data sequences with any length is proposed. By exploring the bit-permutation technique to create the access orders suitable for different C&S steps, the address generator can be built by only two adders and three shifters plus some control circuits, and consumes only about 1K gates. Next, this thesis also proposes a two-bank memory architecture to reduce the required memory ports from four to two such that the sorter memory can be realized by on-chip SRAM blocks. Our experimental results show that the overall silicon cost can be reduced by more than 56% for the sorter circuit which can sort the data sequence of length up to 1024. In addition to the serial sorter architecture, this thesis further proposes three possible parallel sorter architectures including the pipeline sorter, cascade sorter, and block sorter. Among these three architectures, the pipeline sorter can deliver the best throughput although it can be used only for fixed-length data sequences. On the other hand, the block sorter is the most flexible design suitable for sequences with variable length. It is designed based on the block-level even-odd merge sort algorithm. It significantly outperforms the previous block sorter design by using more efficient algorithm, architectural pipelining, and better block C&S(BC&S) unit which can realize separate pre-sort and merge processes efficiently. Our implementation results show that by using the 0.18um technology, the core size of the proposed sorter with block-size of four is about 0.509mm2, and can sorting a 1024-point sequence within 32.84us.

Given a signed graph (G, Σ) with an embedding on a surface S, we are interested in "extending" (G, Σ) by adding edges and splitting vertices, such that the resulting graph has no embedding on S. We show (assuming 3-connectivity for (G, Σ)) that there are a small number of minimal extensions of (G, Σ) with no such embedding, and describe them explicitly. We also give conditions, for several surfaces S, for an embedding of a signed graph on S to extend uniquely. These results find application in characterizing the signed graphs with no odd-K_5 minor.