Executive functioning (EF) has been gaining attention recently in the area of child psychopathology and EF deficits have been hypothesized to be present in a variety of these disorders. Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and anxiety disorders (AD) all experience difficulties at home, with friends, and at school, some of which may be related to deficits in EF. The proposed study is designed to determine whether specific EF deficits are associated with ADHD and AD when they are comorbid with ODD. Children recruited for an ODD treatment study completed an emotional Stroop task and their mothers completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF; Gioia, Isquith, Guy, & Kenworthy, 2000). The present study included 49 children with ODD who had comorbid ADHD (n = 22) or comorbid AD (n = 27), but not both. The ODD/ADHD group exhibited significantly more EF deficits on the MI than the ODD/AD group when gender and corresponding symptoms of ADHD and AD were controlled for. However, no significant differences were found on the emotional Stroop or the BRI scale of the BRIEF suggesting that EF deficits may not be clearly differentiated in samples of ADHD and AD youth who are also comorbid with ODD. It is recommended that future studies explore executive dysfunction in pure ODD, ADHD, and AD samples to better identify possible differences that might be useful in designing interventions for children who have EF deficits associated with these disorders. / Master of Science

Asymptotic properties of solutions of the linear dispersion equation ut = uxxx in R × R+, and its (2k + 1)th-order generalisations are studied. General Hermitian spectral theory and asymptotic behaviour of its kernel, for the rescaled operator B = D3 + 1 3 yDy + 1 3 I, is developed, where a complete set of bi-orthonormal pair of eigenfunctions, {ψβ}, {ψ∗β }, are found. The results apply to the construction of VSS (very singular solutions) of the semilinear equation with absorption ut = uxxx − |u|p−1u in R × R+, where p > 1, which serves as a basic model for various applications, including the classic KdV area. Finally, the nonlinear dispersion equations such as ut = (|u|nu)xxx in R × R+, and ut = (|u|nu)xxx − |u|p−1u in R × R+, where n > 0, are studied and their “nonlinear eigenfunctions” are constructed. The basic tools include numerical methods and “homotopy-deformation” approaches, where the limits n → 0 and n → +∞ turn out to be fruitful. Local existence and uniqueness is proved and some bounds on the highly oscillatory tail are found. These odd-order models were not treated in existing mathematical literature, from the proposed point of view.

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We introduce the process of the development in the Nuclear Structure Model, the Quantum Theory of the Projected Shell Model and the improvement of the calculating program. Besides we deal with the high-spin superdeformed phenomena. By using the PSM_EO program, the Projected Shell Model is applied to the odd (even-odd) mass nuclei Tb , including 145Tb ,147Tb ,149Tb and 151Tb . The results of theoretical calculations about the transition energy E£^, kinetic moment of inertia J(1) and dynamic moment of inertia J(2) are compared with experimental data to verify the meaning in Physics.

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The odd symplectic Grassmannian IG := IG(k, 2n + 1) parametrizes k dimensional subspaces of C^2n+1 which are isotropic with respect to a general (necessarily degenerate) symplectic form. The odd symplectic group acts on IG with two orbits, and IG is itself a smooth Schubert variety in the submaximal isotropic Grassmannian IG(k, 2n + 2). We use the technique of curve neighborhoods to prove a Chevalley formula in the equivariant quantum cohomology of IG, i.e. a formula to multiply a Schubert class by the Schubert divisor class. This generalizes a formula of Pech in the case k = 2, and it gives an algorithm to calculate any quantum multiplication in the equivariant quantum cohomology ring. / Ph. D.

In this thesis we investigate the role of odd Poisson brackets in related areas of supergeometry. In particular we study three different cases of their appearance: Courant algebroids and their homotopy analogues, weak Poisson structures and their relation to foliated manifolds, and the structure of odd Poisson manifolds and their modular class. In chapter 2 we introduce the notion of a homotopy Courant algebroid, a subclass of which is suggested to stand as the double objects to L-bialgebroids. We provide explicit formula for the higher homotopy Dorfman brackets introduced in this case, and the higher relations between these and the anchor maps. The homotopy Loday structure is investigated, and we begin a discussion of what other constructions in the theory of Courant algebroids can be carried out in this homotopy setting. Chapter 3 is devoted to lifting a weak Poisson structure corresponding to a local foliation of a submanifold to a weak Koszul bracket, and interpreting the results in terms of the cohomology of an associated differential. This bracket is shown to produce a bracket on co-exact differential forms. In chapter 5 studies classes of second order differential operators acting on semidensities on an arbitrary supermanifold. In particular, when the supermanifold is odd Poisson, we given an explicit description of the modular class of the odd Poisson manifold, and provide the first non-trivial examples of such a class. We also introduce the potential field of a general odd Laplacian, and discuss its relation to the geometry of the odd Poisson manifold and its status as a connection-like object.

L’Organisation des Nations Unies a décrété l’année 2005 « année du microcrédit », dans l’espoir de réduire la pauvreté dans le monde, conformément aux huit objectifs du millénaire pour le développement (OMD). Présenté comme un précieux instrument de lutte contre la pauvreté, ce système créé par le Docteur Muhammad YUNUS prix Nobel de la Paix 2006 et fondateur de la Grameen Bank au Bangladesh, s’est propagé à travers le monde et notamment dans les pays en développement. Il permet d’offrir des petits prêts à des populations pauvres exclues du système financier afin de développer des activités génératrices de revenus et d’épargner. Plus connu sous le nom de la microfinance, ce terme désigne aujourd’hui, le microcrédit, l’épargne, le transfert d’argent et l’assurance. En effet, l’accès aux prêts n’excluait pas les autres risques, car le décès, la maladie, l’invalidité et les dommages aux biens fragilisaient aussi ces populations, révélant leur besoin d’assurance et il est évident que la prise de conscience de leur état de pauvreté, suscite la réduction de leur vulnérabilité. Une logique sous-tend l’offre par le biais de la « microassurance » dont le champ sémantique et opérationnel relève des compétences des assureurs qui en se lançant sur ce marché, doivent faire face à de nombreux défis car la microassurance s’inscrit dans des contextes bien spécifiques. Entre innovations et traditions, la démarche sera conçue dans le cadre d'une politique intégrée avec les Etats, acteurs traditionnels du développement, institutions de microfinance, organisations non gouvernementales et bailleurs de fonds internationaux, dont l'appui était essentiel. En dix ans, la microassurance a connu une croissance extraordinaire. Mais malgré les efforts accomplis, le bilan montre qu’il reste encore du chemin à faire. / The United Nations declared 2005 as the « Year of Microcrédit », in the hopes of reducing the level of world poverty, as part of the eight main objectives of the millennium development goals " OMD ". Presented as a valuable tool against poverty, this system created by Doctor Muhammad Yunus, 2006 Nobel Peace Price, and founder of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, is used throughout the world and most notably in developing countries.It allows " small loans " to impoverished populations which are excluded from financial systems so that they can develop activities that generate income as well as offer them the opportunity to save. More known as " microfinance", this term refers today, microcredit, savings, money transfer and insurance.Indeed, access to loans does not exclude other risks such as death, sickness, invalidity, as well as potential damages to capital goods. These numerous risks show their absolute need for insurance and it is obvious that awareness of their poverty will reduce their vulnerability.A development logic behind the offer through the " microinsurance " whose semantics and operational field within the competence of insurers embark on this market have to overcome a number of challenges as the field of " microinsurance " are in very specific and often difficult contexts.Between innovative and traditional, the approach will be integrated policy with the states, the traditional development actors, microfinance institutions, ONGs, international donors, whose support was essential.In ten years, " microinsurance " has experienced a extraordinary growing. But despite the progress that has been made, the resume shows that there is still much work to do.