Graduation date: 1966

In situ salinity, turbidity and temperature were measured at discrete depths and water samples for radioanalysis were simultaneously collected in the Columbia River Estuary using a specially designed instrument package. Particulate radioactivity was concentrated by filtration and the dissolved radioactivity by evaporation or ferric oxide bulk precipitation. Radioanalysis was by gamma-ray spectrometry and data reduction by computer. Chromium-51 was mostly dissolved and conservative in brackish water, while zinc-65 was mostly particulate and non-conservative. The intrusion of salt water into the estuary was seen to greatly increase the concentrations of particulate chromium-51, zinc-65 and scandium-46 near the bottom. The fall and rise in estuarine radioactivity levels were followed during an infrequent pause in Hanford reactor operations. Changes in radioactivity levels of up to three orders of magnitude were recorded at Astoria, Oregon, some 380 miles from the reactors. The pause in reactor operations enabled the determination of river flow times from the reactors to Astoria. Flow times of 12 and 19 days were measured for average river discharges of 290,000 and 130,000 c.f.s., respectively. / Graduation date: 1967

The seasonal variation of wind speed fluctuations is studied at four locations in The Dalles area of the Columbia River Gorge. Three of the sites are located in or near the valley floor while the fourth site is on top of a 900 m (3000 ft) ridge just north of The Dalles. The speed fluctuations or gustiness at these sites varies with terrain roughness, wind speed, and atmospheric stability. Due to the channelling effects of the Gorge, wind flow in The Dalles area is predominantly upriver or downriver. Strongest winds occur from the west at all four of the sites that were analyzed. Highest gustiness values occurred at the Martin Marietta site located near the rugged foothills of the eastern slopes of the Cascade Mountain Range. Moderate gustiness values were common at KCIV located on the top of the ridge north of The Dalles and at the D.C. Test Site surrounded by rolling hills. Smoothest flow was found along the relatively level valley floor at The Dalles Dam. Gustiness in relation to wind speed varied at all four sites. Gustiness values increased with speed through the moderate speed range at KCIV while gustiness decreased with speed at The Dalles Dam and the Martin Marietta site. No distinct relationship was found at the D.C. Test Site. At KCIV changes in gustiness are directly related to the amount of solar insolation and hence the atmospheric stability. Gustiness values were highest during the summer and daytime values were greater than those at night during both winter and summer. In contrast, at the other three sites near or on the valley floor no distinct relationship between the stability variations and the changes in gustiness could be found. Results indicated that the gustiness values during the winter at these three locations exceeded those during the summer. It appears that the unstable nature of the post frontal wintertime air mass is responsible for the strong and turbulent northwest flow. Although moderate speed fluctuations were common at KCIV, this site is the most appealing of the four locations for wind power generation due to the persistency of moderately strong winds during both summer and winter. Least attractive of the four sites is Martin Marietta where high gustiness values along with weak winter winds provide little usable wind energy. / Graduation date: 1977

Ranching and lumbering were two of the primary economic practices in a small rural study area south of Philomath Oregon (in Benton County), from first Euro-American settlement through 1930. Ranching was common but lumbering was restricted by geographical and market transportation problems until after 1900. Catalysts for change came in the form of individuals and advanced technology. The introduction of trucks marked a cusp between two eras for both loggers and cowboys. Two important historical facts were discovered through oral history-gathering, regarding this rural area: first, the story of the first successful lumber company to build a mill close to Philomath, and second, the occurrence of a remarkably popular Round-Up in this small town, in 1916. The two primary oral informants were both born at a rural mill settlement established by this lumber company, at the foot of the Coast Range, in the southwest part of the study area. Junctions (and distinctions) between geography and economy, city and country, loggers and ranchers, and oral and written history are highlighted in specific detail. Because of long geographical isolation from big lumber markets, this region's timberlands, mills, loggers and lumber companies remained in the hands of local people, into the 1950s. This area thus underwent a history quite different from coastal logging history. Attention to local oral sources and specific catalysts for change in other such small rural regions would broaden current historical understanding of the history of the West, and the Pacific Northwest. / Graduation date: 1999

Graduation date: 1966

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-96). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1982. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-40). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.A.)--Oregon State University, 1982. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-105). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1982. / Typescript (photocopy). Some maps folded in pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-169). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1971. / Partially funded by Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 39-41). Also available on the World Wide Web.