The purpose of the essay is to critically discuss and analyse the right to development as an individual and a collective right, and or both at national as well as at the international level. The main objective being to ascertain whether there is .distinct dichotomy between the right to development as an individual and a collective right. Having critically analysed the right to development as an individual and a collective right or both, I attempted to critically discuss both the active and passive subjects of the right - so-called right-holders and duty-bearers respectively, at national as well as at international level. The juridical status of the right has been critically examined. It is clear that the right is legally binding on all states. The right is universally recognised as a human right enjoying international legal status. / Law / LL.M.

The purpose of the essay is to critically discuss and analyse the right to development as an individual and a collective right, and or both at national as well as at the international level. The main objective being to ascertain whether there is .distinct dichotomy between the right to development as an individual and a collective right. Having critically analysed the right to development as an individual and a collective right or both, I attempted to critically discuss both the active and passive subjects of the right - so-called right-holders and duty-bearers respectively, at national as well as at international level. The juridical status of the right has been critically examined. It is clear that the right is legally binding on all states. The right is universally recognised as a human right enjoying international legal status. / Law / LL.M.

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In this research consumers attitudes towards general food safety and their perceptions of the safety of beef in Japan and Canada are examined. Risk perceptions, the willingness to pay for beef traceability from farm to final consumer and the willingness to pay for animal testing for bovine spongifrom encephalopothy (BSE) are measured through a stated preference exercise, provided as part of national surveys in each country. Japanese respondents continue to have higher risk attitudes and perceptions about beef than Canadian respondents in 2009 as compared to 2006. In each country survey respondents strongly prefer domestic beef over imports from any other country. However, interest in beef from other countries increases as full traceability, or one hundred % animal testing for BSE or both attributes are incorporated into the markets. The willingness to pay increases at a diminishing rate, from either traceability or BSE animal testing to both attributes. In latent class models the Japanese data suggest that there are three distinct classes of survey respondents, where class 1 respondents are characterized as being more trusting and willing to pay for beef from different countries, class 2 respondents strongly prefer domestic beef and their willingness to pay for imported beef does not increase with traceability or animal testing and class 3 respondents would only be willing to pay for traceable and a combination of traceable and animal tested domestic beef. Similarly, Canadian survey respondents can be segregated into two classes. Class 1 consumers are more trusting and will be willing to pay for both domestic and imported beef. Class 2 consumers are more cautious. / Agricultural and Resource Economics