The main aim of this master thesis is analyze role of UNRWA in the Middle East in 1950- 2010 based on the collected data. The main focus is on the population growth tendencies which are often criticized as the result of the UNRWA politics and which might be prolonging the conflict in the area. Second part of this thesis focuses on the elementary and preparatory education at UNRWA schools. Based on the research done, it was concluded that UNRWA isn't responsible of Palestinian refugee growth as it is the result of population growth in region and the result of foreign events. In question of elementary and preparatory education, the decreasing percentage tendencies in attendance at UNRWA run schools have been observed despite multiplication of the refugee population. This might be a result of failing to accommodate to the needs of Palestinian refugees.

The diploma thesis deals with deployment of German army within ISAF strategy in Afghanistan. The deployment of military forces is one of the most discussed queries in German politics and among German public. The thesis analyses the development in Afghanistan from 2001 to September 2013. The thesis is divided into three parts. Firstly, I define the theory of role and the concept of civil power, which is one of approaches for analysis of foreign policy. I define some criteria and according to them I examine, if Germany behaves in Afghanistan as civil power, for which is it considered. In the following part I deal with the development in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2009. I analyse the beginning of OEF and ISAF operations, mandate's extensions, the reasons for deployment in Afghanistan and the development of the security situation in country. The main part of this thesis is the deployment of German army within new ISAF strategy in Afghanistan, which was declared by American president Barack Obama in 2009. The thesis focuses on the attitude of Germany to the most important events in this period, for example to the declaration of new ISAF strategy, to international conference on Afghanistan in London, to transition to afghan lead, to the leaving of the international troops and to support after the year...

The aim of this thesis is to warn of possible problem of erosion of sustainable development concept. The study combines content and frequency analysis as well as hermeneutics and its framework builds on three essential UN documents. By the scope of these documents along with the use of secondary literature is then possible to search and analyze various conceptions of sustainable development in important documents of organizations or institutions of global level, european regional level and local level of Czech republic. With the research at the place we can say that sustainable development erodes in particular organizations, across these organizations, generally through time and space and that the erosion is caused in two ways, with the specific purpose or unconsciously. The most common was the erosion stemming from leaning on traditional neoliberal paradigm of economic growth. Except the erosion, the research can be used to examine how organizations understand the concept of sustainable development.

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The increase in online social network (OSN) usage has led to personal details known as attributes being readily displayed in OSN profiles. This can lead to the profile owners being vulnerable to privacy and social engineering attacks which include identity theft, stalking and re identification by linking. Due to a need to address privacy in OSNs, this thesis presents a framework to quantify the vulnerability of a user¿s OSN profile. Vulnerability is defined as the likelihood that the personal details displayed on an OSN profile will spread due to the actions of the profile owner and their friends in regards to information disclosure. The vulnerability measure consists of three components. The individual vulnerability is calculated by allocating weights to profile attribute values disclosed and neighbourhood features which may contribute towards the personal vulnerability of the profile user. The relative vulnerability is the collective vulnerability of the profiles¿ friends. The absolute vulnerability is the overall profile vulnerability which considers the individual and relative vulnerabilities. The first part of the framework details a data retrieval approach to extract MySpace profile data to test the vulnerability algorithm using real cases. The profile structure presented significant extraction problems because of the dynamic nature of the OSN. Issues of the usability of a standard dataset including ethical concerns are discussed. Application of the vulnerability measure on extracted data emphasised how so called ¿private profiles¿ are not immune to vulnerability issues. This is because some profile details can still be displayed on private profiles. The second part of the framework presents the normalisation of the measure, in the context of a formal approach which includes the development of axioms and validation of the measure but with a larger dataset of profiles. The axioms highlight that changes in the presented list of profile attributes, and the attributes¿ weights in making the profile vulnerable, affect the individual vulnerability of a profile. iii Validation of the measure showed that vulnerability involving OSN profiles does occur and this provides a good basis for other researchers to build on the measure further. The novelty of this vulnerability measure is that it takes into account not just the attributes presented on each individual profile but features of the profiles¿ neighbourhood.

The climate protection under international law Key words: international climatic law, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto Protocol Abstract The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the system of climate protection in international law. In the thesis, there is described the history of the part of international law concerning climate changes, the contemporary international climatic law itself, and some of the most serious problems concerning the topic. The reason for my research is to introduce the basic system of international climatic law, as well as to show how modern international law is created. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes the international climatic law as a part of the international environmental law, shows the forms of treaties used in the international environmental law and presents the reasons why the form of framework convention was used in the case of international climatic law. The second chapter analyzes the history and evolution of international climatic law. From the first political declaration to the most recent international conventions, the most important milestones of the development of the international climatic law are shown. The third chapter presents the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change itself as the...

The aim of the work is to analyze the concepts of humanitarian intervention and responsibility to protect (R2P) with special emphasis on their development in the light of the ongoing Syrian crisis. The text follows the evolution of humanitarian intervention into R2P and introduces theoretical assumptions behind both concepts. It is argued that at the moment, R2P does not bring particularly novel concepts into the international law and can be generally described as a hybrid of legal, political and moral obligations. Consequently, the text includes a case study of the Syrian conflict and an evaluation of the way R2P has been applied during the crisis. Final section of the work is devoted to a suggestion of a new solution for R2P - responsibility while protecting.

in English The object of this diploma thesis is to answer the question, how can international organizations (UN, Council of Europe and OSCE) effectively regulate conflicts among their member states, or which instruments are they for this purpose equipped with. The thesis is divided into three main parts - theoretical study, part dedicated to the individual international organizations and the case study. The first part offers a definition of basic legal concepts, as they will be used in the following parts of the study with an emphasis on the definition of the concept "coercion". The following part deals with the instruments of coercion the international organizations are equipped with. In the third part are the findings from the previous parts confronted with a real case of the effort to regulate the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia in Nagorno Karabakh. This structure of the thesis can be also described as a progress from a theoretic basis, through an applied theory contained in particular agreements, to their practical realization in the concrete case. Based on the completed study the author concludes that unilateral instruments of coercion, that the particular organizations have at their disposal, are often not appropriate (exclusion from organization), ineffective (political declaration)...

La synthèse de matériaux polymères stables en milieu organique a été réalisée sur la base d’une série de copolymères à blocs de type polyuréthane. La synthèse de membranes denses autosupportées a permis la caractérisation des différents polyuréthanes et la sélection des formulations les plus adaptées pour l’obtention de membranes composites à peau dense. Les propriétés des membranes ont été ajustées par modulation des réactifs de départ. Une bonne résistance aux solvants organiques a été notée et les flux de perméation les plus importants ont été obtenus avec les matériaux les plus souples. Une membrane rigide a été testée pour la récupération du catalyseur Grubbs-HoveydaII du toluène. Malgré un faible taux de gonflement, le taux de rejet était limité à 48%, permettant de rompre avec l’idée liant la rigidité du réseau à une bonne sélectivité. Une démarche compréhensive du mécanisme de transport en nanofiltration organique (NFO) a été menée sur des membranes en polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS). L’effet de la pression sur le gonflement a été examiné à travers deux appareils mimant les conditions de pression en NFO. Il a été démontré que la pression n’affectait pas l’équilibre amont de sorption mais induisait une diminution du gonflement de l’interface aval de la membrane. Le gradient de gonflement a été proposé comme force motrice du transport des solvants. La perméation des solvants purs et des solutés a été ensuite étudiée. Le modèle de solution-diffusion a pu être proposé comme mécanisme de transport des solvants purs. La sélectivité des membranes s’est avérée être indépendante de l’affinité solvant-membrane mais dépendante de l’affinité soluté - solvant et soluté - membrane / The synthesis of polymeric solvent stable materials was carried out on the basis of block copolymers polyurethane. A series of self-supported dense membranes allowed characterizing the different polymers and the selection of the most suitable ones to prepare composite membranes with a dense top layer. The properties of the membranes were adjusted by tailoring the starting reagents. Good resistance of the membranes in organic solvents was observed and the most important permeation flows were obtained with the softer materials. A rigid membrane was tested for the recovery of the Grubbs-HoveydaII catalyst from toluene. Despite a low swelling rate, the selectivity of the membrane was limited to 48%. This result is in contradiction with the common idea stating that high selectivity is due to rigid polymer network. A comprehensive approach of the transport mechanism in organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) was conducted using polydiméthylsiloxane membranes (PDMS). The effect of pressure on the swelling was examined using two devices mimicking the pressure conditions in OSN. It has been shown that the pressure does not affect the upstream equilibrium sorption but induced a decrease of the swelling of the downstream interface of the membrane. The swelling gradient between the two sides of the membrane was proposed as driving force of solvents transport. The nanofiltration of solvents and solutes were then studied. The results showed that the solution–diffusion model was fully valid for pure solvents transport. The selectivity of the membrane was found to be independent of the membrane-solvent interaction but affected by the solute-membrane affinity and solute-solvent interaction

The Diploma Thesis deals with the relationship between International and European law in the context of actual events. The main aim is to analyse this relationship on the particular case of Yassin Abdullah Kadi by means of the wide scale of expert opinions and discussions. The main aim will be achieved through several partial aims (theoretical definition of essential conceptions relating to the theme, description of particular UN resolutions and their implementation into European law, analysis of the judgements of EU judicial authorities in the Kadi case).