Erratum pasted on front fly leaf. / Bibliography: leaves 204-214. / xxi, 214 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis investigates a novel guidance law dubbed "observable proportional navigation". Two distinct forms of this guidance law are considered, based on the nature of the associated noise and state estimator. Closed-form solutions are given and necessary limits on the co-efficient of observability are determined. Both forms of the new law are applied to a two-dimensional missile-target bearing-only-measurement problem. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1995

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Gallivan, Martha; Committee Member: Ferguson, Ian; Committee Member: Henderson, Cliff; Committee Member: Hess, Dennis; Committee Member: Lee, Jay.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2005. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-121).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

M.Ing. (Electrical And Electronic Engineering) / State estimation comprises the estimation of the position and velocity (state) of a target based on the processing of noise-corrupted measurements of its motion. This study views a class of measurement processes where the states are unobservable and cannot be estimated without placing additional constraints on the system. The bearings only target motion problem is taken as being representative of this type of problem. The results of this study indicate that practical state· estimation for systems with unobservable measurement processes is possible with the application of estimation theories and available estimation techniques. Due to the inherent nonlinear geometrical characteristics the problem is classified as a unobservable nonlinear estimation problem. A review of state estimation and estimation techniques is presented. The fundamental bearings only target motion concepts are discussed. A representative selection of bearings only estimators made from the published literature, is evaluated. The evaluation consists of a theoretical analysis and a Monte Carlo simulation of the estimators. Two realistic scenario's are considered. A classification framework is presented which may be useful to practical engineers in selecting suitable estimators. Batch estimators are shown to be more stable and likely to be used in bearings only applications than recursive estimators. The importance of isolating the unobservable states from the observable states by using a modified polar co-ordinate system, is stressed. It is also shown that effective data processing can be achieved by using all available measurements and a maximum likelihood estimator.

Circadian rhythms exist in almost all of living species, and they occupy an important role in daily biological activities of these species. This thesis deals with reduction of measurements in circadian models, and recovery of circadian phases. Two mathematical models of circadian rhythms are considered, with a 3rd order model for Neurospora, and a 7th order model for Mammals. The reduction of measurements of circadian models is shown by the proposals of observer designs to the two mathematical models of circadian rhythms. Both mathematical models contain strong nonlinearities, which make the observer design challenging. Two observer designs, reduced-order and one-sided Lipschitz, are applied to the circadian models to tackle the nonlinearities. Reduced-order observer design is based on a state transformation to make certain nonlinearities have no impact on the observer errors, and the design of one-sided Lipschitz observer is based on systems with one-sided Lipschitz nonlinearities. Both observer designs are based on the existing methods in literature. The existing method of reduced-order observer has been applied to a class of multi-output nonlinear systems. A new reduced-order observer design which extends the existing one in literature is presented in this thesis. In this new reduced-order observer method, the observer error dynamics can be designed by choosing the observer gain, unlike the existing one, of which the observer error dynamics depend on the invariant zeros under certain input-output map. The recovery of circadian phases is carried out to provide a solution to phase shifts occurred in circadian disorders. The restoration of circadian phases is performed by the synchronizations of trajectories of a controlled model with trajectories of a reference model. The reference model and the controlled model have phase differences, and both these models are based on a given 3rd order model of Neurospora circadian rhythms. The phase differences are reflected by different initial conditions, and by parameter uncertainty. The synchronizations of the two models are performed by using back-stepping method for the case of different initial conditions, and by using adaptive back-stepping method for the remaining case. Several simulation studies of the proposed observer designs and the proposed schemes of synchronizations are carried out with the results shown in this thesis.

In this thesis, a methodology for the detection of anomalies in the cardiovascular system is presented. The cardiovascular system is one of the most fascinating and complex physiological systems. Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases constitute one of the most important causes of mortality in the world. For instance, an estimate of 17.3 million people died in 2008 from cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, many studies have been devoted to modeling the cardiovascular system in order to better understand its behavior and find new reliable diagnosis techniques. The lumped parameter model of the cardiovascular system proposed in [1] is restructured using a hybrid systems approach in order to include a discrete input vector that represents the influence of the mitral and aortic valves in the different phases of the cardiac cycle. Parting from this model, a Taylor expansion around the nominal values of a vector of parameters is conducted. This expansion serves as the foundation for a component fault detection process to detect changes in the physiological parameters of the cardiovascular system which could be associated with cardiovascular anomalies such as atherosclerosis, aneurysm, high blood pressure, etc. An Extended Kalman Filter is used in order to achieve a joint estimation of the state vector and the changes in the considered parameters. Finally, a bank of filters is, as in [2], used in order to detect the appearance of heart valve diseases, particularly stenosis and regurgitation. The first numerical results obtained are presented.

This thesis addresses the importance of the American Civil War to nineteenth-century European military education, and its influence on British staff officer training prior to World War I. It focuses on Garnet Wolseley, a Civil War observer who eventually became Commander in Chief of the Forces of the British Army. In that position, he continued to write about the war he had observed a quarter-century earlier, and was instrumental in according the Civil War a key role in officer training. Indeed, he placed Stonewall Jackson historian G.F.R. Henderson in a key military professorship. The thesis examines Wolseley’s career and writings, as well as the extent to which the Civil War was studied at the Senior Staff College, in Camberly, after Wolseley’s influence had waned. Analysis of the curriculum from the College archives demonstrates that study of the Civil War diminished rapidly in the ten years prior to World War I.

It is a half-material imaginary architecture that guides the movement of a viewer. Or takes place to stop the viewer in me creating environment. Construction visually "disturbs" the space to a minimum, but the movement of the viewer will be completely different.

In order for the benefits of a behavior management skills training program to reach clients, caregivers must use the behavior management skills in the natural environment. The current study took place at a large residential facility for adults with disabilities, in which caregivers had received prior training in which they demonstrated behavior management skills and maintained those skills in contrived role plays. The current study represents a preliminary analysis of generalization of these skills in the natural environment; thus, a measurement system for when caregivers should demonstrate the tools was developed. The specific purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a program to establish stimulus control over observers' measurement of appropriate behaviors. Researchers systematically developed and validated a measurement system of "good behaviors" that could be used across clients. The process of development and refinement of the measurement system is described. When the system was finalized, three observers' accuracy in using the system was assessed by comparing measured values to that of the code writer. Following feedback on individual instances of behavior, all observers scored the three target behaviors accurately. Ecological validity was assessed by surveying professionals at the facility and ecological validity results suggested a valid measurement system was developed.